java - 如何修复 MockitoExtension.class 未解决的错误
问题描述
我最近从 JUnit4 迁移到了 JUnit5。我已经更新和编辑了我的 POM 文件（多个 POM，因为我的项目是一个多 maven 项目）。
看来我的 IDE（IntellIj Idea）正在解析 JUnit 5 注释。它们都可用且功能齐全。
但是，当我尝试用 注释OwnerSDJpaServiceTest时@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)，IntellIj 一直告诉我它“无法解析符号'MockitoExtension'。
对我来说，看起来我缺少一些依赖项，但我看过 youtube 视频和一些文档，对我来说一切都很好。所以我不知道真正的问题可能出在哪里。
也许我缺少依赖项，或者我的 POM 文件配置错误。
如果您需要查看整个应用程序，请使用此链接到我的 GitHub 存储库。
这是我的根 pom 文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>guru.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>sfg-pet-clinic</artifactId>
<version>0.0.5-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>pet-clinic-data</module>
<module>pet-clinic-web</module>
</modules>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<name>sfg-pet-clinic</name>
<description>SFG Pet Clinic Project</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF 8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-release-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<goals>install</goals>
<autoVersionSubmodules>true</autoVersionSubmodules>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<scm>
<developerConnection>scm:git:https://github.com/sajmon2325/Spring-Pet-Clinic.git</developerConnection>
<tag>HEAD</tag>
</scm>
</project>
这是我的宠物诊所数据 pom 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>sfg-pet-clinic</artifactId>
<groupId>guru.springframework</groupId>
<version>0.0.5-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>pet-clinic-data</artifactId>
<properties>
<spring.boot.repackage.skip>true</spring.boot.repackage.skip>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
<version>5.0.3</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.23.1-GA</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>repackage</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<skip>true</skip>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.19.1</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-junit-jupiter</artifactId>
<version>2.27.0</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
这是我的宠物诊所数据 pom 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>sfg-pet-clinic</artifactId>
<groupId>guru.springframework</groupId>
<version>0.0.5-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>pet-clinic-data</artifactId>
<properties>
<spring.boot.repackage.skip>true</spring.boot.repackage.skip>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
<version>5.0.3</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.23.1-GA</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>repackage</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<skip>true</skip>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.19.1</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-junit-jupiter</artifactId>
<version>2.27.0</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
最后是我的 pet-clinic-web pom 文件（可能缺少依赖项）：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>sfg-pet-clinic</artifactId>
<groupId>guru.springframework</groupId>
<version>0.0.5-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>pet-clinic-web</artifactId>
<properties>
<!-- Web dependencies -->
<webjars-bootstrap.version>3.3.6</webjars-bootstrap.version>
<webjars-jquery-ui.version>1.11.4</webjars-jquery-ui.version>
<webjars-jquery.version>2.2.4</webjars-jquery.version>
<wro4j.version>1.8.0</wro4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<artifactId>pet-clinic-data</artifactId>
<groupId>guru.springframework</groupId>
<version>0.0.5-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- webjars -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
<artifactId>webjars-locator-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
<artifactId>jquery</artifactId>
<version>${webjars-jquery.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
<artifactId>jquery-ui</artifactId>
<version>${webjars-jquery-ui.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
<artifactId>bootstrap</artifactId>
<version>${webjars-bootstrap.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- end of webjars -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>ro.isdc.wro4j</groupId>
<artifactId>wro4j-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${wro4j.version}</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>generate-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>run</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<wroManagerFactory>ro.isdc.wro.maven.plugin.manager.factory.ConfigurableWroManagerFactory</wroManagerFactory>
<cssDestinationFolder>${project.build.directory}/classes/static/resources/css</cssDestinationFolder>
<wroFile>${basedir}/src/main/wro/wro.xml</wroFile>
<extraConfigFile>${basedir}/src/main/wro/wro.properties</extraConfigFile>
<contextFolder>${basedir}/src/main/less</contextFolder>
</configuration>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
<artifactId>bootstrap</artifactId>
<version>${webjars-bootstrap.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
<version>2.23.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-junit-jupiter</artifactId>
<version>2.27.0</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
这是我的测试类（在 MockitoExtension.class 中存在未解析符号的问题）：
package guru.springframework.sfgpetclinic.services.springdatajpa;
import guru.springframework.sfgpetclinic.repositories.OwnerRepository;
import guru.springframework.sfgpetclinic.repositories.PetRepository;
import guru.springframework.sfgpetclinic.repositories.PetTypeRepository;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
class OwnerSDJpaServiceTest {
OwnerRepository ownerRepository;
PetRepository petRepository;
PetTypeRepository petTypeRepository;
OwnerSDJpaService service;
@BeforeEach
void setUp() {
}
@Test
void findByLastName() {
}
@Test
void findAll() {
}
@Test
void findById() {
}
@Test
void save() {
}
@Test
void delete() {
}
@Test
void deleteById() {
}
}
我希望注释被 IntellIj 识别，所以我可以使用 JUnit5 测试这个类。
解决方案
我在一个简单的测试项目中遇到了同样的问题，结果我只添加了核心工件：
org.mockito:mockito-core
我还需要添加一个包含 jUnit5 扩展名的内容：
org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter
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