r - 如何使用三列在 R 中制作堆叠条形图，我想使用 barplot() 函数

Question

我想要 R 中的堆叠条形图，其中年份作为 x 轴，百分比作为 y 轴，土地使用作为颜色填充。我的数据如下

Year Percentage                    LandUse
1  2015       49.8                Agriculture
2  2012       51.2                Agriculture
3  2009       50.2                Agriculture
10 2015       22.5                    fishing
11 2012       21.4                    fishing
12 2009       21.9                    fishing
19 2015       14.7   services and residential
20 2012       16.0   services and residential
21 2009       17.1   services and residential
28 2015        0.8       mining and quarrying
29 2012        0.7       mining and quarrying
30 2009        0.7       mining and quarrying
37 2015        0.4  water and waste treatment
38 2012        0.5  water and waste treatment
39 2009        0.4  water and waste treatment
46 2015        0.8 Industry and Manufacturing
47 2012        0.8 Industry and Manufacturing
48 2009        0.9 Industry and Manufacturing

标签： rdataframemultidimensional-arraybar-chartvisualization

Answer 1

您可以使用ggplot2包来绘制堆积条形图。注意Year变量应该是factor类型。请看下面的代码：

df <- structure(list(Year = c(2015L, 2012L, 2009L, 2015L, 2012L, 2009L, 
2015L, 2012L, 2009L, 2015L, 2012L, 2009L, 2015L, 2012L, 2009L, 
2015L, 2012L, 2009L), Percentage = c(49.8, 51.2, 50.2, 22.5, 
21.4, 21.9, 14.7, 16, 17.1, 0.8, 0.7, 0.7, 0.4, 0.5, 0.4, 0.8, 
0.8, 0.9), LandUse = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 5L, 
5L, 5L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 6L, 6L, 6L, 3L, 3L, 3L), .Label = c("Agriculture", 
"fishing", "Industry_and_Manufacturing", "mining_and_quarrying", 
"services_and_residential", "water_and_waste_treatment"), class = "factor")), class = "data.frame", row.names = c("1", 
"2", "3", "10", "11", "12", "19", "20", "21", "28", "29", "30", 
"37", "38", "39", "46", "47", "48"))

df$Year <- factor(df$Year)

library(ggplot2)
ggplot(df, aes(Year, Percentage, fill = LandUse)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity")

输出：

PS如果你想使用barplot，你需要通过绘制值矩阵创建、图例、颜色等（几十行代码）。ggplot2默认给你。