html - React useState() doesn't update value synchronously

Question

React useState() doesn't update value of the variable if called just after setting value.

I read about useEffect(), but don't really know how this will be useful for this particular scenario.

Full code (please open the console tab to see the variable status)

UPDATE

// hook
const [ error, setError ] = useState<boolean>();
const handleSubmit = (e: any): void => {
    e.preventDefault();
    if (email.length < 4) {
      setError(true);
    }
    if (password.length < 5) {
      setError(true);
    }
    console.log(error); // <== still false even after setting it to true
    if (!error) { 
      console.log("validation passed, creating token");
      setToken();
    } else {
      console.log("errors");
    }
  };

标签： htmlreactjsreact-hooks

Answer 1

假设用户没有有效的凭据。问题在这里：

if (email.length < 4) {  // <== this gets executed
  setError(true);
}
if (password.length < 5) { // <== this gets executed
  setError(true);
}
console.log(error); // <== still false even after setting it to true
if (!error) { // <== this check runs before setError(true) is complete. error is still false.
  console.log("validation passed, creating token");
  setToken();
} else {
  console.log("errors");
}

您正在使用多个独立运行的 if 检查，而不是使用单个检查。您的代码执行所有 if 检查。在一项检查中，您setError(true)在满足其中一个条件时调用，但setError()它是异步的。在调用下一个 if-check 之前，该操作不会完成，这就是为什么它看起来您的值从未保存过。

您可以使用 if-else 和 useEffect 的组合来更干净地做到这一点：https ://codesandbox.io/s/dazzling-pascal-78gqp

import * as React from "react";

const Login: React.FC = (props: any) => {
  const [email, setEmail] = React.useState("");
  const [password, setPassword] = React.useState("");
  const [error, setError] = React.useState(null);

  const handleEmailChange = (e: any): void => {
    const { value } = e.target;
    setEmail(value);
  };

  const handlePasswordChange = (e: any): void => {
    const { value } = e.target;
    setPassword(value);
  };

  const handleSubmit = (e: any): void => {
    e.preventDefault();
    if (email.length < 4 || password.length < 5) {
      setError(true);
    } else {
      setError(false);
    }
  };

  const setToken = () => {
    //token logic goes here
    console.log("setting token");
  };

  React.useEffect(() => {
    if (error === false) {
      setToken();
    }
  }, [error]); // <== will run when error value is changed.

  return (
    <div>
      <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
        <input
          type="text"
          placeholder="[e-mail]"
          onChange={handleEmailChange}
        />
        <br />
        <input
          type="password"
          placeholder="password"
          onChange={handlePasswordChange}
        />
        <br />
        <input type="submit" value="submit" />
      </form>

      {error ? <h1>error true</h1> : <h1>error false</h1>}
    </div>
  );
};

export default Login;