python - 如何修复“Python 中的 While 循环”在我的代码中不起作用
问题描述
我是 python 的新手，正在尝试学习一些基础知识，我尝试开发一个小型 HANGMAN 游戏。我坚持使用 while 循环格式，除了 HANGMAN 列表中的零索引元素外，它在结果中没有显示任何内容。
import random
HANGMAN = (
"""
-----
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-------
"""
,
"""
-----
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| 0
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------
"""
,
"""
-----
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| 0
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------
"""
,
"""
-----
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| 0
| /|
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------
"""
,
"""
-----
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| 0
| /|\
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------
"""
,
"""
-----
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| 0
| /|\
| /
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------
"""
,
"""
-----
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| 0
| /|\
| / \
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------
""")
print(HANGMAN[0])
play_again = True
while play_again:
words_list = ['abruptly', 'absurd', 'abyss', 'affix', 'askew', 'avenue', 'awkward', 'axiom', 'azure', 'bagpipes'
'banjo',
'beekeeper',
'bikini',
'blitz',
'blizzard',
'boggle',
'bookworm',
'boxcar',
'boxful',
'buckaroo',
'buffalo',
'buffoon',
'buxom',
'buzzard',
'buzzing',
'buzzwords',
'caliph',
'cobweb',
'cockiness',
'croquet',
'crypt',
'curacao',
'cycle',
'daiquiri',
'dirndl',
'disavow',
'dizzying',
'duplex',
'dearies',
'embezzle',
'equip',
'espionage',
'edouard',
'exodus',
'faking',
'glyph',
'gnarly',
'fixable',
'fjord',
'flapjack',
'flopping',
'foxglove',
'frazzled',
'frizzled',
'fuchsia',
'funny',
'gabby',
'galaxy',
'galvanize',
'gazebo',
'gaiter',
'gimme',
'glowworm',
'gossip',
'grogginess',
'haiku',
'haphazard',
"stronghold",
"stymied",
"subway",
"swivel",
"syndrome",
"thriftless",
"thumbscrew",
"topaz",
"transcript",
"transgress",
"transplant",
"triathlon",
"twelfth",
"twelfths",
"unknown",
"unworthy",
"unzip",
"uptown",
"vaporize",
"vixen",
"vodka",
"voodoo",
"vortex",
"voyeurism",
"walkway",
"waltz",
"wave",
"wavy",
"waxy",
"wellspring",
"wheezy",
"whiskey",
"whizzing",
"whomever",
"wimpy",
"witchcraft",
"wizard",
"woozy",
"wristwatch",
"wavers",
"xylophone",
"yachtsman",
"yippee",
"yoked",
"youthful",
"yummy",
"zephyr",
"zigzag",
"zigzagging",
"zilch",
"zipper",
"zodiac",
"zombie"]
chossenword = random.choice(words_list).lower()
guess = None #player guess input
guessed_letters = [] #we add all of the users guesses to this list.
blank_word = [] #repalcing all the letetrs of the chosen word with dashed symbol.
for letter in chossenword:
blank_word.append('-')
attempt = 6
while attempt > 0:
if (attempt!= 0 and "-" in blank_word):
print(('\n You Have () attempts remaining.').format(attempt))
try:
guess == str(input('\n please select a letter between A_Z')).lower()
except :
print("that's not a valid input , please try again.")
continue
else:
if not guess.isaplha():
print('that is not a letter, please try again ')
continue
elif len(guess) > 1:
print("that's is more tahn one letetre , please try again")
continue
elif guess in guessed_letters:
print(" you have already guessed that letter , please try again.")
continue
else:
pass
guessed_letters.append(guess)
if guess not in chossenword:
attempts=-1
print(HANGMAN[(len(HANGMAN)-1)-attempts])
else :
SearchMore = True
startsearchindex == 0
while searchMore:
try :
foundAtIndex = chossenword.index(guess, startsearchindex)
blank_word[foundAtIndex]= guess
startsearchindex = foundAtIndex + 1
except :
searchMore = False
print("".join(blank_word))
if attempts == 0:
print("sorry. the game is over , The word was" + chossenword)
print("\nWould you like to play again ?")
response =input('>').lower()
if response not in ("yes","y"):
play_again = False
print("thanks for playing HANGMAN!")
break
if "-" not in blank_word :
print(("\n Congratualtion! {} was the word").format(chossenword))
print("\n World you like to play again ?")
response = input('>').lower()
if response not in ("yes","y"):
play_again = False
print("thanks for playing HANGMAN!")
break
在 while 循环中没有任何作用。
解决方案
我让您的代码在我的机器上运行，并带有一些语法和空格技巧。总的来说，你在正确的轨道上！while循环只返回循环的第一个元素的原因HANGMAN是因为代码实际上并没有递减attempt值。你在做
attempt=-1
代替
attempt -= 1
这是attempt每次-1迭代的设置。使用-=运算符实际上会减少它。
还有语法不正确的变量声明（您在 Python 中用=, not分配变量==），以及一些不一致的变量用法（attempts而不是attempt, searchmoreandsearchMore等）。
最后，我将单词列表移到了 while 循环之外。您无需在每次 while 循环运行时重新创建该列表。
import random
HANGMAN = ("""| | | | | | | | | | | |""" ,
"""| | | 0 | | | | | | | |""" ,
"""| | | 0 | | | | | | | | |
|""" ,
"""| | | 0 |
/| | | | | | | | |""" ,
"""| | | 0 |
/|\ | | | | | | | |""" ,
"""| | | 0 |
/|\ |
/ | | | | | | |""" ,
"""| | | 0 |
/|\ |
/ \ | | | | | | |"""
)
words_list = ['abruptly',
'absurd',
'abyss',
'affix',
'askew',
'avenue',
'awkward',
'axiom',
'azure',
'bagpipes',
'banjo',
'beekeeper',
'bikini',
'blitz',
'blizzard',
'boggle',
'bookworm',
'boxcar',
'boxful',
'buckaroo',
'buffalo',
'buffoon',
'buxom',
'buzzard',
'buzzing',
'buzzwords',
'caliph',
'cobweb',
'cockiness',
'croquet',
'crypt',
'curacao',
'cycle',
'daiquiri',
'dirndl',
'disavow',
'dizzying',
'duplex',
'dearies',
'embezzle',
'equip',
'espionage',
'edouard',
'exodus',
'faking',
'glyph',
'gnarly',
'fixable',
'fjord',
'flapjack',
'flopping',
'foxglove',
'frazzled',
'frizzled',
'fuchsia',
'funny',
'gabby',
'galaxy',
'galvanize',
'gazebo',
'gaiter',
'gimme',
'glowworm',
'gossip',
'grogginess',
'haiku',
'haphazard',
"stronghold",
"stymied",
"subway",
"swivel",
"syndrome",
"thriftless",
"thumbscrew",
"topaz",
"transcript",
"transgress",
"transplant",
"triathlon",
"twelfth",
"twelfths",
"unknown",
"unworthy",
"unzip",
"uptown",
"vaporize",
"vixen",
"vodka",
"voodoo",
"vortex",
"voyeurism",
"walkway",
"waltz",
"wave",
"wavy",
"waxy",
"wellspring",
"wheezy",
"whiskey",
"whizzing",
"whomever",
"wimpy",
"witchcraft",
"wizard",
"woozy",
"wristwatch",
"wavers",
"xylophone",
"yachtsman",
"yippee",
"yoked",
"youthful",
"yummy",
"zephyr",
"zigzag",
"zigzagging",
"zilch",
"zipper",
"zodiac",
"zombie"]
print(HANGMAN[0])
play_again = True
while play_again:
chosen_word = random.choice(words_list)
guess = None #player guess input
guessed_letters = [] #we add all of the user's guesses to this list.
blank_word = [] # replacing all the letters of the chosen word with dashed symbol
for letter in chosen_word: # creating list with dashes instead of letters for the word
blank_word.append('-')
attempt = 6 # the number of incorrect attempts a user gets
while attempt > 0: # while the user still has valid guesses left
if (attempt!= 0 and "-" in blank_word): # while player can still guess
print(('\n You Have {} attempts remaining.').format(attempt)) # tell the user how many attempts are left
try:
guess = str(input('\n please select a letter between A-Z')).lower() # enter a letter, lowercase it
except: # will never hit this
print("that's not a valid input , please try again.")
continue
if not guess.isalpha(): # check if the letter is alphabetical
print('that is not a letter, please try again ')
continue
elif len(guess) > 1:
print("that's is more than one letter , please try again")
continue
elif guess in guessed_letters:
print(" you have already guessed that letter , please try again.")
continue
guessed_letters.append(guess) # add guess to guessed_letters
print("Guessed letters: ", guessed_letters)
if guess not in chosen_word: # if the guessed letter isn't in the chosen_word
attempt -= 1 # reduce # of attempts available
print(HANGMAN[(len(HANGMAN)-1)-attempt]) # print the element of HANGMAN at (length of HANGMAN - 1) - the # of attempts
else: # if the guessed letter IS in the chosen_word
searchMore = True
startsearchindex = 0
while searchMore:
try :
foundAtIndex = chosen_word.index(guess, startsearchindex)
blank_word[foundAtIndex]= guess
startsearchindex = foundAtIndex + 1
except :
searchMore = False
print("".join(blank_word))
if attempt == 0: # no more attempts
print("sorry. the game is over , The word was" + chosen_word)
print("\nWould you like to play again?")
response =input('>').lower()
if response not in ("yes","y"):
play_again = False
print("thanks for playing HANGMAN!")
break
if "-" not in blank_word :
print(("\n Congratualtion! {} was the word").format(chosen_word))
print("\n World you like to play again ?")
response = input('>').lower()
if response not in ("yes","y"):
play_again = False
print("thanks for playing HANGMAN!")
break
希望这可以帮助！
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