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python - 使用 dictConfig 的 Python 日志记录，使用两个流处理程序以不同的消息级别发布到 stdout 和 stderr

问题描述

我正在尝试实现这些帖子中所做的事情 Python logging split between stdout and stderr

在 stdout 和 stderr 之间划分 Python 日志记录

但是使用dictConfig，到目前为止还没有成功。这是我的代码和配置：

这是我用来生成标准输出日志的配置

# logging.json
{
    "version": 1,
    "disable_existing_loggers": false,
    "formatters": {
        "console": {
            "format": "%(asctime)s: %(levelname)s: %(pathname)s: \n%(message)s\n"
        },
        "file": {
            "format": "%(asctime)s: %(levelname)s: %(pathname)s: %(lineno)d: \n%(message)s\n"
        }
    },
    "handlers": {
            "console": {
                "level": "INFO",
                "formatter": "console",
                "class": "logging.StreamHandler",
                "stream": "ext://sys.stdout"
            },
            "file": {
                "level": "DEBUG",
                "formatter": "file",
                "class": "logging.FileHandler",
                "encoding": "utf-8",
                "filename": "app.log"
            }
    },
    "loggers": {
        "": {
            "handlers": ["console", "file"],
            "level": "INFO",
            "propagate": false
        },
        "default": {
            "handlers": ["console", "file"],
            "level": "DEBUG",
            "propagate": false
        }

    }
}

这个是用于标准错误日志的

# logging_stderr.json

{
    "version": 1,
    "disable_existing_loggers": false,
    "formatters": {
        "console": {
            "format": "%(asctime)s: %(levelname)s: %(pathname)s: \n%(message)s\n"
        },
        "file": {
            "format": "%(asctime)s: %(levelname)s: %(pathname)s: %(lineno)d: \n%(message)s\n"
        }
    },
    "handlers": {
            "console": {
                "level": "WARN",
                "formatter": "console",
                "class": "logging.StreamHandler",
                "stream": "ext://sys.stderr"
            },
            "file": {
                "level": "DEBUG",
                "formatter": "file",
                "class": "logging.FileHandler",
                "encoding": "utf-8",
                "filename": "wusync.log"
            }
    },
    "loggers": {
        "": {
            "handlers": ["console", "file"],
            "level": "INFO",
            "propagate": false
        },
        "default": {
            "handlers": ["console", "file"],
            "level": "DEBUG",
            "propagate": false
        }

    }
}

然后在我的代码中，我有一个辅助函数。

import logging
import logging.config
import os
from os.path import abspath, basename, dirname, exists, isfile, isdir, join, split, splitext
import sys

_script_dir = abspath(dirname(__file__))


def build_default_logger(logdir, name=None, cfgfile=None):
    """
    Create per-file logger and output to shared log file.
    - If found config file under script folder, use it;
    - Otherwise use default config: save to /project_root/project_name.log.
    - 'filename' in config is a filename; must prepend folder path to it.
    :logdir: directory the log file is saved into.
    :name: basename of the log file,
    :cfgfile: config file in the format of dictConfig.
    :return: logger object.
    """
    try:
        os.makedirs(logdir)
    except:
        pass

    cfg_file = cfgfile or join(_script_dir, 'logging.json')
    logging_config = None
    try:
        if sys.version_info.major > 2:
            with open(cfg_file, 'r', encoding=TXT_CODEC, errors='backslashreplace', newline=None) as f:
                text = f.read()
        else:
            with open(cfg_file, 'rU') as f:
                text = f.read()
        # Add object_pairs_hook=collections.OrderedDict hook for py3.5 and lower.
        logging_config = json.loads(text, object_pairs_hook=collections.OrderedDict)
        logging_config['handlers']['file']['filename'] = join(logdir, logging_config['handlers']['file']['filename'])
    except Exception:
        filename = name or basename(basename(logdir.strip('\\/')))
        log_path = join(logdir, '{}.log'.format(filename))
        logging_config = {
            "version": 1,
            "disable_existing_loggers": False,
            "formatters": {
                "console": {
                    "format": "%(asctime)s: %(levelname)s: %(pathname)s: \n%(message)s\n"
                },
                "file": {
                    "format": "%(asctime)s: %(levelname)s: %(pathname)s: %(lineno)d: \n%(message)s\n"
                }
            },
            "handlers": {
                    "console": {
                        "level": "INFO",
                        "formatter": "console",
                        "class": "logging.StreamHandler",
                        "stream": "ext://sys.stdout"
                    },
                    "file": {
                        "level": "DEBUG",
                        "formatter": "file",
                        "class": "logging.FileHandler",
                        "encoding": "utf-8",
                        "filename": log_path
                    }
            },
            "loggers": {
                "": {
                    "handlers": ["console", "file"],
                    "level": "INFO",
                    "propagate": True
                },
                "default": {
                    "handlers": ["console", "file"],
                    "level": "WARN",
                    "propagate": True
                }
            }
        }
    if name:
        logging_config['loggers'][name] = logging_config['loggers']['default']
    logging.config.dictConfig(logging_config)
    return logging.getLogger(name or 'default')

最后在我的主要程序中

# main.py

_script_dir = abspath(dirname(__file__))
_logger = util.build_default_logger(logdir='temp', cfgfile=abspath(join(_script_dir, 'logging_stderr.json')))
_stderr_logger = util.build_default_logger(logdir='temp', name='myerrorlog', cfgfile=abspath(join(_script_dir, 'logging_stderr.json')))


...

_logger.info('my info')
_stderr_logger.warning('my warning')

我希望信息将通过标准输出显示，并通过标准错误显示警告。但结果，只有警告，信息完全消失了。

如果只使用_logger，那么一切都通过标准输出。

我哪里错了？是dictconfig只支持一个streamhandler吗？

标签： pythonloggingstdoutstderr

解决方案

我通过使用过滤器解决了我自己的问题。

这篇文章帮助了我：

使用dictConfig在python中的日志级别安装过滤器

我基本上想将 INFO 发送到 stdout，并将 WARNING-to-CRITICAL 发送到 stderr。这意味着具有为处理程序定义的两端的范围。handlers的level属性只定义了低端。

现在过滤救援。我最终使用了这个配置：

{
    "version": 1,
    "disable_existing_loggers": false,
    "filters": {
        "infofilter": {
          "()": "util.LowPassFilter",
          "level": 20
        },
        "warnfilter": {
          "()": "util.HighPassFilter",
          "level": 30
        }
    },
    "formatters": {
        "console": {
            "format": "%(asctime)s: %(levelname)s: %(pathname)s: \n%(message)s\n"
        },
        "file": {
            "format": "%(asctime)s: %(levelname)s: %(pathname)s: %(lineno)d: \n%(message)s\n"
        }
    },
    "handlers": {
            "console": {
                "level": "INFO",
                "formatter": "console",
                "class": "logging.StreamHandler",
                "stream": "ext://sys.stdout",
                "filters": ["infofilter"]
            },
            "console_err": {
                "level": "WARN",
                "formatter": "console",
                "class": "logging.StreamHandler",
                "stream": "ext://sys.stderr",
                "filters": ["warnfilter"]
            },
            "file": {
                "level": "DEBUG",
                "formatter": "file",
                "class": "logging.FileHandler",
                "encoding": "utf-8",
                "filename": "app.log"
            }
    },
    "loggers": {
        "": {
            "handlers": ["console", "console_err", "file"],
            "level": "INFO",
            "propagate": false
        },
        "default": {
            "handlers": ["console", "console_err", "file"],
            "level": "DEBUG",
            "propagate": true
        }
    }
}

和过滤器

class LowPassFilter(object):
    """
    Logging filter: Show log messages below input level.
    - CRITICAL = 50
    - FATAL = CRITICAL
    - ERROR = 40
    - WARNING = 30
    - WARN = WARNING
    - INFO = 20
    - DEBUG = 10
    - NOTSET = 0
    """
    def __init__(self, level):
        self.__level = level

    def filter(self, log):
        return log.levelno <= self.__level


class HighPassFilter(object):
    """Logging filter: Show log messages above input level."""
    def __init__(self, level):
        self.__level = level

    def filter(self, log):
        return log.levelno >= self.__level

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