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regex - 如何使用正则表达式提取化学术语

问题描述

我需要在 Python 中使用正则表达式提取化学术语。例如，给定以下输入字符串，我需要提取输出：

输入字符串：

"the common composition consists of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-(1-imidazolyl)benzaldehyde, and mixture thereof."

输出列表：

['the', 'common', 'composition', 'consists', 'of', '3,4,5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde', '4-(1-imidazolyl)benzaldehyde', 'and', 'mixture', 'thereof']

谢谢你的帮助。

标签： regexpython-3.x

解决方案

我们可能想要一个比以下更复杂的表达式：

\b[a-z0-9-,)(]+\b

然而，在这个特定的例子中，我们想要的输出可能会在这里返回。

演示

测试

# coding=utf8
# the above tag defines encoding for this document and is for Python 2.x compatibility

import re

regex = r"\b[a-z0-9-,)(]+\b"

test_str = "the common composition consists of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-(1-imidazolyl)benzaldehyde, and mixture thereof."

matches = re.finditer(regex, test_str, re.MULTILINE | re.IGNORECASE)

for matchNum, match in enumerate(matches, start=1):
    
    print ("Match {matchNum} was found at {start}-{end}: {match}".format(matchNum = matchNum, start = match.start(), end = match.end(), match = match.group()))
    
    for groupNum in range(0, len(match.groups())):
        groupNum = groupNum + 1
        
        print ("Group {groupNum} found at {start}-{end}: {group}".format(groupNum = groupNum, start = match.start(groupNum), end = match.end(groupNum), group = match.group(groupNum)))

# Note: for Python 2.7 compatibility, use ur"" to prefix the regex and u"" to prefix the test string and substitution.

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