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json - 如何在 Hive 中导入复杂的 json 数据

问题描述

在输入中，我有这个文件 json 导入配置单元：

[
    {
        "code": "ACPBC3P",
        "libelle": "Bon de commande Prime de satisfaction ACP",
        "libelleCourt": "Bon de commande Prime de satisfaction ACP",
        "libelleLong": "Bon de commande Prime de satisfaction ACP",
        "dureeStockage": 24,
        "dureeArchivage": 96,
        "dureeEpuration": 120,
        "dureeStockageReelle": 24,
        "dureeArchivageReelle": 96,
        "dureeEpurationReelle": 120,
        "typologie": {
            "code": "ACP",
            "libelle": "ACP - Activ'projet"
        },
        "sousTypologie": {
            "code": "ACPBC3P",
            "libelle": "BC3P - Bon de commande Prime de satisfaction"
        }
    },
    {
        "code": "ACPC1",
        "libelle": "C1 - Demande d'avoir",
        "libelleCourt": "C1 - Demande d'avoir",
        "libelleLong": "C1 - Demande d'avoir",
        "dureeStockage": 36,
        "dureeArchivage": 84,
        "dureeEpuration": 120,
        "dureeStockageReelle": 36,
        "dureeArchivageReelle": 84,
        "dureeEpurationReelle": 120,
        "typologie": {
            "code": "ACP",
            "libelle": "ACP - Activ'projet"
        },
        "sousTypologie": {
            "code": "ACPC1",
            "libelle": "C1 - Demande d'avoir"
        }
    },
    {
        "code": "ACPC2",
        "libelle": "C2 - Relance fournisseur",
        "libelleCourt": "C2 - Relance fournisseur",
        "libelleLong": "C2 - Relance fournisseur",
        "dureeStockage": 36,
        "dureeArchivage": 84,
        "dureeEpuration": 120,
        "dureeStockageReelle": 36,
        "dureeArchivageReelle": 84,
        "dureeEpurationReelle": 120,
        "typologie": {
            "code": "ACP",
            "libelle": "ACP - Activ'projet"
        },

我试图用这种复杂类型捕获这些信息：

ARRAY <STRUCT <`code`: STRING,` libelle`: STRING, `libelleCourt`: STRING,` libelleLong`: STRING, `storage duration`: INT, `Archive duration` INT, `dureeEpuration`: INT,` dureeStockageReelle`: INT, `dureeArchivageReelle`: INT,` dureeEpurationReelle`: INT, `typologie`: STRUCT <` code` STRING, `libelle` STRING>,` sousTypologie`: STRUCT <`code`: STRING,` libelle`: STRING>, `modeCapture`: STRUCT <` code`: STRING, `libelle`: STRING>,` master`: STRING, `codeActivite`: STRING >> but unfortunately it do not work !

 ARRAY <STRUCT <`code`: STRING,` libelle`: STRING, `libelleCourt`: STRING,` libelleLong`: STRING, `storage duration`: INT, `Archive duration` INT, `dureeEpuration`: INT,` dureeStockageReelle`: INT, `dureeArchivageReelle`: INT,` dureeEpurationReelle`: INT, `typologie`: STRUCT <` code` STRING, `libelle` STRING>,` sousTypologie`: STRUCT <`code`: STRING,` libelle`: STRING>, `modeCapture`: STRUCT <` code`: STRING, `libelle`: STRING>,` master`: STRING, `codeActivite`: STRING >> but unfortunately it do not work !

标签： jsondictionaryhive

解决方案

你没有提到任何关于面临的错误。一般来说，使用 JSON SerDe 时有两点需要注意。

  1. org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.JsonSerDe不支持以方括号 '[' 开头的 JSON 数据

  2. JsonSerDe 基于文本 SerDe 并且每个换行符都被视为一条新记录

有效格式：

{"world_rank": "1","country": "China","population": "1388232694","World": "0.185"},
{"world_rank": "2","country": "India","population": "1342512706","World": "0.179"},
{"world_rank": "3","country": "U.S.","population": "326474013","World": "0.043"},
{"world_rank": "4","country": "Indonesia","population": "263510146","World": "0.035"}

格式 1 无效：

[
{"world_rank": "1","country": "China","population": "1388232694","World": "0.185"},
{"world_rank": "2","country": "India","population": "1342512706","World": "0.179"},
{"world_rank": "3","country": "U.S.","population": "326474013","World": "0.043"},
{"world_rank": "4","country": "Indonesia","population": "263510146","World": "0.035"}
]

格式 2 无效：

  {
    "world_rank": "1",
    "country": "China",
    "population": "1388232694",
    "World": "0.185"
  },
  {
    "world_rank": "2",
    "country": "India",
    "population": "1342512706",
    "World": "0.179"
  },
  {
    "world_rank": "3",
    "country": "U.S.",
    "population": "326474013",
    "World": "0.043"
  },
  {
    "world_rank": "4",
    "country": "Indonesia",
    "population": "263510146",
    "World": "0.035"
  }

在将输入数据加载到 Hive 表之前，应将其预处理为以下格式

{"code":"ACPBC3P","libelle":"Bon de commande Prime de satisfaction ACP","libelleCourt":"Bon de commande Prime de satisfaction ACP","libelleLong":"Bon de commande Prime de satisfaction ACP","dureeStockage":24,"dureeArchivage":96,"dureeEpuration":120,"dureeStockageReelle":24,"dureeArchivageReelle":96,"dureeEpurationReelle":120,"typologie":{"code":"ACP","libelle":"ACP - Activ'projet"},"sousTypologie":{"code":"ACPBC3P","libelle":"BC3P - Bon de commande Prime de satisfaction"}},
{"code":"ACPC1","libelle":"C1 - Demande d'avoir","libelleCourt":"C1 - Demande d'avoir","libelleLong":"C1 - Demande d'avoir","dureeStockage":36,"dureeArchivage":84,"dureeEpuration":120,"dureeStockageReelle":36,"dureeArchivageReelle":84,"dureeEpurationReelle":120,"typologie":{"code":"ACP","libelle":"ACP - Activ'projet"},"sousTypologie":{"code":"ACPC1","libelle":"C1 - Demande d'avoir"}}
{"code":"ACPC2","libelle":"C2 - Relance fournisseur","libelleCourt":"C2 - Relance fournisseur","libelleLong":"C2 - Relance fournisseur","dureeStockage":36,"dureeArchivage":84,"dureeEpuration":120,"dureeStockageReelle":36,"dureeArchivageReelle":84,"dureeEpurationReelle":120,"typologie":{"code":"ACP","libelle":"ACP - Activ'projet"}}

DDL：

CREATE TABLE data (
code STRING,
libelle STRING,
libelleCourt STRING,
libelleLong STRING,
dureeStockage INT,
dureeArchivage INT,
dureeEpuration INT,
dureeStockageReelle INT,
dureeArchivageReelle INT,
dureeEpurationReelle INT,
typologie struct<code: STRING, libelle: STRING>,
sousTypologie struct<code: STRING, libelle: STRING>
)
ROW FORMAT SERDE 'org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.JsonSerDe'
STORED AS TEXTFILE;

选择数据的查询：

select soustypologie.code from data;
select typologie.libelle from data;

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