android - 通过 VNC 连接到 Docker 容器中的 Android 模拟器（API 28 错误）

Question

我正在使用 VNC 客户端 (Remmina) 连接到在 Docker 容器中运行的 Android 模拟器，它可以使用 19 到 27 的 API，但是在使用 VNC 选项时出现 28 个错误（但在没有 VNC 的情况下也可以使用）：

qemu-system-x86_64: VNC supports only guest GPU, add "-gpu guest" option

我的环境：

myrepo/app-tools:android-dev-1.0.2

FROM ubuntu:18.04

ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive
RUN echo "debconf shared/accepted-oracle-license-v1-1 select true" | debconf-set-selections && \
    echo "debconf shared/accepted-oracle-license-v1-1 seen true" | debconf-set-selections

ENV SDK_URL="https://dl.google.com/android/repository/sdk-tools-linux-4333796.zip" \
    ANDROID_HOME="/usr/local/android-sdk" \
    ANDROID_VERSION="28" \
    ANDROID_BUILD_TOOLS_VERSION="28.0.3" \
    GRADLE_VERSION="5.0"
ENV GRADLE_URL="https://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-${GRADLE_VERSION}-bin.zip" \
    GRADLE_HOME="/opt/gradle/gradle-${GRADLE_VERSION}" \
    PATH="/opt/gradle/gradle-${GRADLE_VERSION}/bin:${PATH}:${ANDROID_HOME}/tools:${ANDROID_HOME}/tools/bin:${ANDROID_HOME}/platform-tools"

COPY android/repositories.cfg /root/.android/

# Download JDK-8 and fix certificate issues
RUN apt-get update \ 
 && apt-get install -y openjdk-8-jdk \
 && apt-get install -y ant \
 && apt-get clean \
 && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
 && rm -rf /var/cache/oracle-jdk8-installer \
 && apt-get update \ 
 && apt-get install -y ca-certificates-java \
 && apt-get clean \
 && update-ca-certificates -f \
 && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
 && rm -rf /var/cache/oracle-jdk8-installer

# Download Android SDK
RUN cd /tmp \
 && apt-get update \
 && apt-get install -y nano zip curl net-tools socat \
 && curl -o gradle.zip -L "$GRADLE_URL" \
 && unzip -d /opt/gradle gradle.zip \
 && rm gradle.zip \
 && mkdir "$ANDROID_HOME" .android \
 && cd "$ANDROID_HOME" \
 && curl -o sdk.zip $SDK_URL \
 && unzip sdk.zip \
 && rm sdk.zip \
 && yes | "$ANDROID_HOME/tools/bin/sdkmanager" --licenses \
 && "$ANDROID_HOME/tools/bin/sdkmanager" --update \
 && "$ANDROID_HOME/tools/bin/sdkmanager" \
    "build-tools;${ANDROID_BUILD_TOOLS_VERSION}" \
    "platforms;android-${ANDROID_VERSION}" \
    "platform-tools" \
    "emulator"

RUN mkdir /main
WORKDIR /main

安卓/repositories.cfg

### User Sources for Android SDK Manager
#Fri Nov 03 10:11:27 CET 2017 count=0

android-dev.dockerfile

FROM myrepo/app-tools:android-dev-1.0.2

ENV ANDROID_SDK="/usr/local/android-sdk"
ENV PATH="$ANDROID_SDK/emulator:$ANDROID_SDK/tools:$PATH"

RUN /usr/local/android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager "system-images;android-19;google_apis;x86" \
 && /usr/local/android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager --licenses

RUN /usr/local/android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager "system-images;android-23;google_apis;x86" \
 && /usr/local/android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager --licenses

RUN /usr/local/android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager "system-images;android-28;google_apis;x86" \
 && /usr/local/android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager --licenses

RUN /usr/local/android-sdk/tools/bin/avdmanager create avd -n avd19 -k "system-images;android-19;google_apis;x86" -b x86 -d 7 -f \
 && /usr/local/android-sdk/tools/bin/avdmanager create avd -n avd23 -k "system-images;android-23;google_apis;x86" -b x86 -d 7 -f \
 && /usr/local/android-sdk/tools/bin/avdmanager create avd -n avd28 -k "system-images;android-28;google_apis;x86" -b x86 -d 7 -f

COPY scripts/android-dev-startup.sh /root/start.sh

脚本/android-dev-startup.sh

#!/bin/bash
set -eou pipefail

socat tcp-listen:5037,bind=android-dev,fork tcp:127.0.0.1:5037 &
socat tcp-listen:5554,bind=android-dev,fork tcp:127.0.0.1:5554 &
socat tcp-listen:5555,bind=android-dev,fork tcp:127.0.0.1:5555 &

sleep infinity

码头工人撰写

android-dev:
  build: 
    context: ./
    dockerfile: android-dev.dockerfile
  hostname: android-dev
  volumes:
  - .:/main:rw
  devices:
  - "/dev/kvm:/dev/kvm"
  ports:
  - "5037:5037"
  - "5554:5554"
  - "5555:5555"
  - "5900:5900"
  command: /root/start.sh

然后，如果我运行命令来启动模拟器，它在所有情况下都可以工作，除非将模拟器与android-28（使用 VNC 时）一起使用：

# works
emulator -memory 4096 -avd avd19 -noaudio -no-window -gpu off -verbose -qemu -vnc :0

# works
emulator -memory 4096 -avd avd23 -noaudio -no-window -gpu off -verbose -qemu -vnc :0

# works
emulator -memory 4096 -avd avd28 -noaudio -no-window -gpu off -verbose -qemu

# doesn't work
# qemu-system-x86_64: VNC supports only guest GPU, add "-gpu guest" option
emulator -memory 4096 -avd avd28 -noaudio -no-window -gpu off -verbose -qemu -vnc :0

# doesn't work
# qemu-system-x86_64: VNC supports only guest GPU, add "-gpu guest" option
emulator -memory 4096 -avd avd28 -noaudio -no-window -gpu guest -verbose -qemu -vnc :0

我认为错误来自此文件：

https://android.googlesource.com/platform/external/qemu/+/emu-master-dev/vl.c

有没有办法让它与 VNC 一起工作？

标签： androiddockerandroid-emulatorvnc

Answer 1

我在 emulator-headless 的输出中发现了一些有趣的东西：

emulator: WARNING: Your AVD has been configured with an in-guest renderer, but the system image does not support guest rendering.Falling back to 'swiftshader_indirect' mode.
emulator: GPU emulation enabled using 'swiftshader_indirect' mode
emulator: Initializing hardware OpenGLES emulation support

https://androidstudio.googleblog.com/2018/11/emulator-28016-stable.html?m=1

-gpu guest (software rendering in the guest) has been deprecated. API 28+ system images will now auto switch to using Swiftshader (-gpu swiftshader_indirect).

所以它切换到 swiftshader_indirect，这使得它无法使用 vnc。哦哦。

所以现在我想知道是否可以使用环境变量 DISPLAY 使仿真器无头将图形渲染到虚拟显示器中，该显示器将与另一台 VNC 服务器创建...

编辑： 是的，它似乎在 2 个 Xeon 内核 3.3Ghz 和 4GB RAM 上运行良好。

echo 'no' | avdmanager create avd --force --name android-28-x86 --abi google_apis_playstore/x86 --package 'system-images;android-28;google_apis_playstore;x86'

apt install tightvnc
apt install xfonts-base
sudo apt-get install gnome-core xfce4 firefox nano -y --force-yes

# ~/.vnc/xstatup
unset SESSION_MANAGER unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS startxfce4 & [ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup [ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources xsetroot -solid grey vncconfig -iconic &

vncserver :2 -geometry 1080x1920 -depth 24
export DISPLAY=:2.0
emulator @android-28-x86 -verbose -memory 2048 -gpu swiftshader_indirect -no-audio -no-snapshot -wipe-data -no-boot-anim -skin 768x1280

我仍然不知道为什么android 模拟器开发人员决定在他们的产品中禁用 vnc 支持，如果一切都与独立 vnc 服务器上的 gpu 软件模拟运行良好..？

Edit2： 虽然它总是加载 100% 的 CPU。显然它需要修复。https://gist.github.com/yazinsai/652f0e6e77c9594a2356dd6314a9c3d8 LMK 如果你想实现它。