python - python将下一个字符串刮到给定的字符串

Question

我有 +1000 个 txt 文件要抓取（Python）。我已经创建了file_list列出所有 .txt 文件路径的变量。我有五个字段要抓取：file_form、日期、公司、公司 ID 和价格范围。对于前四个变量，我没有问题，因为它们在每个 .txt 文件开头的单独行中非常结构化：

FILE FORM:      10-K
DATE:           20050630
COMPANY:        APPLE INC
COMPANY CIK:    123456789

我对这四个使用了以下代码：

    import sys, os, re
    exemptions=[]    
        for eachfile in file_list:
                line2 = ""  # for the following loop I need the .txt in lines. Right now, the file is read one in all. Create var with lines
                with open(eachfile, 'r') as f:
                    for line in f:
                        line2 = line2 + line  # append each line. Shortcut: "line2 += line"
                        if "FILE FORM" in line:
                            exemptions.append(line.strip('\n').replace("FILE FORM:", "")) #append line stripping 'S-1\n' from field in + replace FILE FORM with blanks
                        elif "COMPANY" in line:
                            exemptions.append(line.rstrip('\n').replace("COMPANY:", ""))  # rstrip=strips trailing characters '\n'
                        elif "DATE" in line:
                            exemptions.append(line.rstrip('\n').replace("DATE:", ""))  # add field 
                        elif "COMPANY CIK" in line:
                            exemptions.append(line.rstrip('\n').replace("COMPANY CIK:", ""))  # add field
print(exemptions)

这些给了我一个exemptions包含所有相关值的列表，如上例所示。但是，“价格范围”字段位于 .txt 文件的中间，如下所示：

We anticipate that the initial public offering price will be between $         and
$         per share.

而且我不知道如何将其保留$whateveritis;and $whateveritis;per share.为我的最后一个第五个变量。好消息是很多文件使用相同的结构，有时我有 $amounts 而不是“ ”。示例：We anticipate that the initial public offering price will be between $12.00 and $15.00  per share.。

我希望这个“12.00;and;15.00”作为exemptions列表中的第五个变量（或者类似的东西，我可以在 csv 文件中轻松地工作）。

非常感谢你。

标签： pythonstringparsing

Answer 1

看起来您已经导入了正则表达式，那么为什么不使用它呢？像这样的正则表达式\$[\d.]+\ and \$[\d.]+应该与价格匹配，然后您可以从那里轻松地对其进行细化：

import sys, os, re
    exemptions=[]    
    for eachfile in file_list:
            line2 = ""
            with open(eachfile, 'r') as f:
                for line in f:
                    line2 = line2 + line

                    m = re.search('\$[\d.]+\ and \$[\d.]+', line)

                    if "FILE FORM" in line:
                        .
                        .
                        .
                    elif m:
                        exemptions.append(m.group(0))   # m.group(0) will be the first occurrence and you can refine it from there

print(exemptions)