python - 循环遍历元组列表时的迭代问题

Question

我已经生成了这个函数，我正在传递一些输入参数（i，j，t），我用它做了一些事情。现在，如果您查看输出，您会发现我有一些标记为 Test1 和 Test2 的打印函数，而我感到困惑的是为什么这两个测试之间存在差异，因为从我的角度来看，它们应该打印相同的确切内容输入（1,1,1）的东西。

第一轮测试两个结果差不多，这很棒。然而，在那次测试之后，我输入的输入参数似乎从 (1,1,1) 更新为 (2,2,1)。这个奇怪的更新似乎也发生在第一个 for 循环的开头，我希望尝试了解为什么会发生这个更新。

我真的不需要固定的代码，因为在函数开头引入 x_coord 和 y_coord 变量似乎可以缓解我遇到的问题并按照我的意愿去做。但是，如果有人可以帮助我理解为什么会发生“i”和“j”输入的更新以及为什么测试打印语句不完全相同，那就太好了！

model = ConcreteModel()

Imax = 3
Jmax = 3
Tmax = 1

model.Iset = RangeSet(1,Imax) #e.g. i = {1, 2, 3}
model.Jset = RangeSet(1,Jmax)
model.Tset = RangeSet(1,Tmax)
model.immigration = Var(model.Iset, model.Jset, model.Tset, initialize = 1)
model.inf_b4treat = Var(model.Iset, model.Jset, model.Tset, initialize=1)
model.foo = Var(model.Iset, model.Jset, model.Tset, initialize=1)



def get_neighbours(i,j,t): 

    x_coord = i
    y_coord = j
    rowbound = Imax + 1
    colbound = Jmax + 1

    neighbours = [
        (i - 1, j - 1, t), (i - 1, j, t), (i - 1, j + 1, t),
        (i, j - 1, t), (i, j + 1, t),
        (i + 1, j - 1, t), (i + 1, j, t), (i + 1, j + 1, t),
    ]
    print(f"Neighbours of cell ({i},{j},{t}): {neighbours}")
    print("")

    valid_tuples = []
    invalid_tuples = []
    # for each tuple in neighbours, we will print out the good and bad coordinates.

    print(f"First.Test1 = ({i},{j},{t})")
    print(f"First.Test2 = ({x_coord},{y_coord},{t})")
    print("")

    for (i,j,t) in neighbours:
        if not 0 < i < rowbound or not 0 < j < colbound:
            #print(f"Invalid Tuple --> ({i},{j},{t})")
            invalid_tuples.append((i,j,t))

        else:
            #print(f"Valid Tuple --> ({i},{j},{t})")
            valid_tuples.append((i,j,t))

    print(f"Second.Test1 = ({i},{j},{t}) ")
    print(f"Second.Test2 = ({x_coord},{y_coord},{t})")
    print("")

    print(f"Invalid Tuples: {invalid_tuples}")   
    print(f"Valid Tuples:   {valid_tuples}")
    print("")

    immigration_value_ijt = 0
    for (i,j,t) in valid_tuples:
        immigration_value_ijt += value(model.inf_b4treat[i,j,t])
    print(f"Quantity Immigrating to cell.Test1 ({i},{j},{t}): {immigration_value_ijt}")        
    print(f"Quantity Immigrating to cell.Test2 ({x_coord},{y_coord},{t}): {immigration_value_ijt}")
    print("")
    print(f"Third.Test1 = ({i},{j},{t})")
    print(f"Third.Test2 = ({x_coord},{y_coord},{t})")
    print("")    

get_neighbours(1,1,1)

输出：

Neighbours of cell (1,1,1): [(0, 0, 1), (0, 1, 1), (0, 2, 1), (1, 0, 1), (1, 2, 1), (2, 0, 1), (2, 1, 1), (2, 2, 1)]

First.Test1 = (1,1,1)
First.Test2 = (1,1,1)

Second.Test1 = (2,2,1) 
Second.Test2 = (1,1,1)

Invalid Tuples: [(0, 0, 1), (0, 1, 1), (0, 2, 1), (1, 0, 1), (2, 0, 1)]
Valid Tuples:   [(1, 2, 1), (2, 1, 1), (2, 2, 1)]

Quantity Immigrating to cell.Test1 (2,2,1): 3
Quantity Immigrating to cell.Test2 (1,1,1): 3

Third.Test1 = (2,2,1)
Third.Test2 = (1,1,1)

标签： pythonfunctioninputtuples

Answer 1

您正在使用 for 循环遮蔽 i,j,t 并且循环在每次迭代时设置新值。所以最终的结果是邻居列表的最后一个条目。

以下是一些打印语句显示正在发生的事情：

def test_func(a, b, c):
    l1 = [(0, 0, 1), (0, 1, 2), (2, 2, 1)]
    print(f'Before a {a} id {id(a)}, b {b} id {id(b)}, c {c} id {id(c)}\n')
    # since three variable are specified, each tuple entry is unpacked
    # into the variables, which are a, b and c
    for (a, b, c) in l1:  # The parenthesis don't do anything and aren't needed
        print(f'Inside a {a} id {id(a)}, b {b} id {id(b)}, c {c} id {id(c)}')
        print(f'Inside a is type {type(a)}')
    print(f'\nAfter a {a} id {id(a)}, b {b} id {id(b)}, c {c} id {id(c)}')

    # just a single variable name would be the entire tuple
    for entry_tuple in l1:  # The parenthesis don't do anything and aren't needed
        print(f'Entry tuple is {entry_tuple}  and the type is {type(entry_tuple)}')

    print(f'At end a is type {type(a)}')


test_func(1, 1, 1)

输出：

Before a 1 id 94439557494624, b 1 id 94439557494624, c 1 id 94439557494624

Inside a 0 id 94439557494592, b 0 id 94439557494592, c 1 id 94439557494624
Inside a is type <class 'int'>
Inside a 0 id 94439557494592, b 1 id 94439557494624, c 2 id 94439557494656
Inside a is type <class 'int'>
Inside a 2 id 94439557494656, b 2 id 94439557494656, c 1 id 94439557494624
Inside a is type <class 'int'>

After a 2 id 94439557494656, b 2 id 94439557494656, c 1 id 94439557494624
Entry tuple is (0, 0, 1)  and the type is <class 'tuple'>
Entry tuple is (0, 1, 2)  and the type is <class 'tuple'>
Entry tuple is (2, 2, 1)  and the type is <class 'tuple'>
At end a is type <class 'int'>

这就是你想知道的吗？