python - 给定一个字符串移动到所需字符的索引

Question

参考单行键盘。

问题说：

给定一个长度为 26 的字符串键盘，指示键盘的布局（索引从 0 到 25），最初您的手指位于索引 0。要键入字符，您必须将手指移动到所需字符的索引处。将手指从索引 i 移动到索引 j 所需的时间是 |i - j|。

Input: keyboard = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", word = "cba"
Output: 4
Explanation: The index moves from 0 to 2 to write 'c' then to 1 to write 'b' then to 0 again to write 'a'.
Total time = 2 + 1 + 1 = 4. 

这是一个相当简单的问题，不应该花费太多时间。所以我尝试了下面的解决方案。

def key_front(num, k, word, keyboard):
    for x in range(k):
        if word[num] == keyboard[x]:
            return x
    return 0

def calculateTime(keyboard, word):
    k = len(keyboard)
    count = 0
    i = 0
    w = len(word)
    diff = 0
    while i < w:
        front = 0
        front = key_front(i, k, word, keyboard)
        print(front,diff,word[i],count)
        if word[i] == word[i-1]:
            diff = 0
        diff = abs(front-diff)
        count += diff
        i = i + 1
    return count

我在这里使用recursion 的目的是因为可能存在每个字符总是按顺序出现多次的情况。当这种情况发生时，我的代码在以下测试用例中失败：

keyboard="pyevcountbgjklxfqwimrdhazs"
word="gxafwhexxykisciactyfdyfixqfchwanvmsjwycyyznpkykfkgfwpaajiqftklahgergnyxunfbmvkiyrifljolkkvcmdsimnmmdulqpirbdkhalakgsgomlnxivjqgbamnylecwmnulldjueppxptrjbyrijrqvagqklnglegiqoumqxftarrkhlkxufqhsqeacwzfonupihnjyzzwnrutdkcwtehzyjgvvsgevxewyhzhkwpoxkjjafdivqsabiayrgeytmkxtzhjeynttovyldlhfyfzwbfzaweoghgfyyblrrcqjzajmsjormweeqyzsiuqsgyoddkgzxskwpytbysvroanpplwjnucowvwdhimvjnosezxhrxswxlfyfqmiuyvrbngigbldvbejqlrnqffkhjdftnkgusegtpasapuwldmlmnxzxhckopukczpsbkqjdhonydgjdlfpldqawrzqojjulizkwvaoxykzmrupoaafwpvexihbrjjwxtzbjvdfqwrajuvlnxudwpqqqvzvfmfvesrqqfvugqhtavwemmonxwnmhblutoaafvbvkuhgbjnduwtsckhjnsnlmfaghqejyzmibbwzflskzfcycnjpebsmlihbetehuomyyhnnqthonqtxigfioarksrhwgjiirlwnaqnadbyrvtyxhrsezkdkfgawlfuchsugturgibjozlplqymlczcbmybntqosaxpmqijcljyqrkocsjvaqdqsfqfhmdzxudqvsxbsvgijquzbxktwqgexjiqgkbdowmjypybkprxmmhzhnogjhzpbgrkphqywunzeijgqzreonyrkheeoltbruxndrdnhuwstxsdzhnoqmngtbjynlijjlbopnderookdpcdqeqtkwrqdiplysdjvojhxylxcxqrjtdirwswdtlvrytdxrlwhmdegsqmhaazhdtozzwomgbwppcfbyhwmpzobvpnqbmzvtqworqlnuthhfkshbgpohlhopedlvfuuqcmsgewtkuuxocdzyejbhmihjjgdxaspcthpwtxzzvzxitemwjbquuepgcqpgilpsekkendrpxzfmfdjtelrhjiqbmofjarzywltvbjhjpcitoatpcnhovanuuvlcnhkfedzksmhywcnlslamdztgitssswkbgmdkjzqjioxontjluwfkyaejkvquqcixbcicxbgreyzdkgnxspuxusudyxqlojhifwpfziqjhgyharrsyhqacnlewifrxgggvxhfaqjcthzhspvyrxswmvkwkyqgfaltzgqyoemgqbxquufjalezvvjdurcazdirrljhauabesfkpzkskbwzrluazbovmveecgkwwpzxqrpwxfsiukjpfzxryndoofohvvramxfdbtyqzcstqjesshrcygtctkymeimreyszmddhqxyqurcxlnkksylixnfgrswwvrsrqpknvvcnhimbklsixqmdmcnmzrnbdswtfyuqnzlsqwqgologslbpokjudvvyvzcaxyaepdwtwdndslhswhnbpmphasxkglrukhmbjssdcgkiohelcdvoofvucgqotqiwmgxynjuggscsahqocuutariwloclmwigjbejrxvujxtjvbmgvfhpowxmniruncakpunfhjkunrzzzdteqomdsvjoegijuyggwjjibovzjjeycpvnmupdosrcsdvblhtvrykqljkhtbdboxwfzyhmuyqnaxctkfmiqogqqbvhkourtjahbqnnkvifsxdxqtcolgvqlrujumzgqcoxifwrrfgpyfgmlqpnamcvkjjjwybzgbyooatvnzpxdvloxivkrvtjbnnbqwtbrsfdswtknbaaggqcuclaxwqsoeuxunnnzfbsgmhpcpktiluazzkzaivzgyttccbpptaegucsbvirrafwxrkbconutpwsusseutxrypzhmvttvpftdbjhkfhctphrbzoszatydweonydryatfsibdhjwhegptkcikinentiazxugcdlpzmdayxjsgcjqtkdfvbkpmmiyjzyiwpvqsooucnmpquxbpjhltxmiqxhbcmoesxhdcpbuukosxnzmizsigrzdgtkpuprnpogpmegojfdwvupldjtglnkbszsmhnrhlqpkbtfulyfuqliovvovtcmayoqyxujrpwndfbzsmftpksoyoepkmablhiunnuybawetbvojblrgmenxfpmiomhgpqpyjrpvhrslxgnfhsajnfjslfiuoybumzmbigxkmmobsusdyzzuyrzieoxdrtescnnwxmleriqrbxwimfqqwnakfangowwauvoqtoxklvtvmyyjwvjcfrwtbxwrhvnatndbtvxxmprqkyjltmprfdasdhpgbkpeqmtzbqiuivwvxhpmcsnfgbejwewwilhfutrirbvmxnhsypoqhlptwqouawletsdklwusgyfjrlvrpwnionjtljnehbzyfxgveedbefowrzmnovtpiyfoemirwrfkmilpupmmldkoyjrbwmbjhnwunrmfrgovfwnkrcxkqjxscgpqxrgikqskqzwfqwnpebizmyuzqykoosskuveznhbohhdseshqniuocdxkbpwdkoyozmajyrhnppldvaltuscbhsqowpzsvlqrfjuvsrdsamqqqacxkzsxnbamqeoxnkevrelayinwdaypcxwiycpuktbdhxehpcatddkocanpgjmdglnoamallknslqdmyxilnmsddotlfztmurzmsiebwpgqkmmqyexclykoxawiidaykmalwjyrsmoumrsbhnqxjkqopwqipzqrnxdixqkqjbsbttdddyryccaccfafaqeumjeeryqteenfjmiyyauvgvagltgsndfrsxkasimlveesfxoqlynjabtzryosvhkdnodqnsgezkgrzidceyzisyryrhjkysjnqyswylbejrahoxvvhcscnqgdsaahvmldnphmwogikjyrauonlztpgyqcwylhzmbwdztdpahusbysqplhimbltdvtycqxisnipapxeoqtlhtkvivnwbhfgmxhdcaiqdmpxfuqoxtxakwswdnqycjwqwryirnxqgohnbbqogobroifsmwjtjzdzrtulkjynqxbnoyjbwosfodnbcdauosglhsjqfcnnbsarxxgkhbtxbdloukycpcoypvxogmfcerljogtrlzcqrlogulbiyfsesjybmmdytlmkbwefuvsmtjcojfxpapkqjwvhtyqwmzxdystgozdgogqbdqhvlkspuxxqfiacdvnzhibgfzuzakqqswoacytfsdhzesxksgimhwkvddzfyakjmzlgknmndytphqaunghtuhjkkjyicqgmjvxcutwoiqvqxfawzwuuikgjqrfdnfcqqwvwgvjffetmwcfemyuhzyvicqkezagbtrqvlsircpmaeczdujtqnlsyfumbqfouxhpmwrzaciqzfpkzkcscjaichjjsyftwjltcsnmbxsozyltyuyjbujgvsahibnagwwwkacqyrjkiftcpklkxnysytqoyhibqqpdgzmkynbwpndnsnxmarnhtwhunedneftdpenrykljvcdkknvitlyjznvaeqgdozvrxooqfgmvhnqxgrfravsxlkwlenrruibwrjoupgsqpvreryybmcuujimjqzidssolfevezfnsqmmixzsnhifjjmyjxoqzzfmmqdmomfayoguaqqhbzershztalosxventouwznjxohsekrtypunhlhhatckxnkqeujlgnoftnsteuxbdgpfwywhfmwszecborzrhgbeymiluidtrksraewipnjlcsngbjfxsjrofyroxdfcxsorakmefkdngohelizojjjncebhvvvphikvgippueimhwtfuedgloidjuyswvmqfvvphffxhoebbsatwswvsabbwrdbpfmvoegjlxzsguvetalhonbbsmnfafxxniadcjrmihctihttueaaumhoqivnkihelnjgntspgikzeysmiwdwwkkroblisdaddfshrcnjveeijvqdkmltmblbaifgzswboznvbmqeeqxjxlnizyydokojyrbdmmyzhdyebqzxqkohofgrvemrxorljvnfztnriartlzzikkzhbkjmpygeqpxbemnivpslvmcdrfekyrgofwcenkqtlogdptigkrgpthxiitjdsuxmlghvdsitwcuuoiaywzzdabarxouicuftepjydddlqtrcthrysgxlqebjnkreedlfqdezlkltuyhkcqguwtlzdmfdmaueafwjmrvzopqqszoluiokyoleadpgncpbbjbowtwxvfhtktqdtpuavgapekgogugcoidveqfatsnknvzsnzdijfagdvyskkaowwlacxtvynmkgckusacwbimgrlmpzfahdpkznmgapxomjqkawrtnzojjnihfjjwjvrsppiksqhqlgusmuwlomatlqpveqnmvazrwuadfiluktpsuzynmkngwwhakouaqxhohryfncgweyagjdwqkgfunhvxztdevtuioqzmepdniiysbzbkxivvpzqbyftzkakvdsconhnmycksledkiubhnvifliekqsucxivrxmpjeorrenthlfvawdnnmnujdsxdibtvvjqghxaklrubelvpufrzmshnuvmbvdbskaozdzszxuimsmjgwfexpvzqvfvbatcyyudkfmbyxdcayraydfogvmomqqriamcipkhoohvenkbcieqbzohqoejnujduwwbkmpnuzqyxnlzvbopeoasepgxgtxfimxsvzkohluzjqykzfnkdiaradcbhpqlcjqhmmuuwawynzyvzjulbkikvuerljdfrxquljjzlcjoxpgsqznuxykghydkqaybghxixeqnhtmnxlrgkcctjvnktcppnbeoocegxnwavtxxnyyqoiwihxmusviqumficjvsbsfqxszdcgboppsipnmghyaxcbzqaqfyitatqxantamritaynlahfnivgdvwexltgvpyuyqmdvhaglcbkqqbnerkwodjaniwuvippzuxambcvnjhyjngbfdctfzmdzydrhiinbzwrdjfiqjiehjexbqqdzvsqoitdfrfjauebfgklzkhrwrdcnxptrbaqzrwhlclzozixzqtsdploalrpkcbfecwakawamxqgfgxqtozyxswtpxeubtxjbcpqdxbegdjzxyqpmynsoeizdgrusdjfwxdqpgagxivuhnvbfkzyedcvuvviqdwoogjiohedhkjtmvolohkwdxivkpknrzwybvyvzgwpfmphhyikahqhcmqfgjlqtfxsmlcwityahsbscpqeizuvovzhkgjsszdnibvmkjpsgoxedclcrlvvmbuuomodgdwxlgurerxiovfdifofvohbeaqhzxlccyqopjcaiiawzqggqhiibhtcicxxnygdtimeoiiegnesserbrmczmvsctcmxtbpuuotcgilvampmbvtmocbwqbqqweanmqosttoczdmfkdtdsefeirypczqmegpzqfgiwmmvtggaggbgzsdjjupnipffyyabftxuckdcebapbhkjycdavlfgkiititnqgmykosvgfgvpienqvbftjsfhvsxnjklycalqxskwdoizdffwrszljkkvugggvicbxhslpvygssebblxugnsnwgqrsmboqtqzfjuaiyleuxycwedmjiovyzyvzsoypoohcufxftbkiffowxwhjtlnztbvwimhofnvcibzvkoneuszylbmaydsrbqaygtzqevtsufxpzijztftwniizuccexlrcfbyiiyohtbrbnlccmhmbpoxcfeeakndsllmjfazugxubpwbjqtkwuzkkjzdkwacxwosljycxfuffzbzknnbspidtbzasxlrhaeylslczfszgdrqkvcfwmuweqmoctzuyicbqpvzomtfaienpkcitijxymixqsujyovmhavxjxzckbvvemxcobkjajmqhjqxtnjhrxvefgyrowbsgizzckgbhgatqyxptdzumtgnhtevrzowkdwlleuohcceqoblzsmtnucshmwyrzvsdlgvwuxamjwyfhmxiyrlztlgzbzrgtlcohwytbrnsuftirarmubqjrmxnmkudptiaxfnwrfmiuqvyiljtjmlunchelckaigvfokttwvlnchbtpsinfvpsdzmkgfeigraosyfleiorumsaeqvgzncofcltgowmjoccnqpezjeonxghbxccldtcoykrntkyztgtspzhmenviunitoazwlvktdbgiadocnuvgxdwpwnpkrfasajtpcgeyjkbyjlgscejedhighludhpaznvgwmwzdtidotzjxisjkzprqmnwdrcqjdudzmivrkxgugcogtmaafupjqvhsagspwkdazjdjjmilpjhooubrvwxmwctgplgdsaujxdpgzhohffyafgkfxdkqsqadkwwdxjptryzjhsseqpgfdpefpbskvnfuvmtynsdzavupcdfecspnpqgfdkcnnpeoisojpftrhdppnjuloqoqrfhctrgtkmeqlzltnexeivpbfomrnftrzpaqnxpbthuqlihnoytwhelrhuhvcmiocyscxdsfqbqsfompvaxseoykbsknritjybarukxembzoowynkjxuporusjhezzwbdprmpgyxbzktiwubotwbleyzrqhnpajopklqksbfeixtvrebzrokoojpegdnrrtwlrcyfiabfauohrkeweyepfrjntxouxxghkabjbucnhzkstaafsgugjtxtzwdcvvgbwlseiqaxjissvhhxpxxarnfpwkcfbvecnlzlsomadlfabgxckuqjatvbfrddxcovnigerkzdavogizmqhyjmiyzttfxvscaaqjnjtlknyyyihfpvtierrjdybjfibvcfrpttuidtctpkaxvljturvmylgihazgtusycfgkqwmacpspiarqyumgstdbqntouptvjqmysdghtmgflzhjzwoyoxvpmaoeepzavnqpmzsszlkeiqmmhufoxahkiqvbvovdqqgojutqmrutguvusosdtfkzkmrcdeslqukzqncyfcpxsrgyzkkzemqmitqmdlfwmdvgeercsdtsmzjmnyewzmgkxncutuvfwozlifxxtxdwzufgevzrunqdhuoicvdueudxocnyruuqwylaujftanbaidzwaiaqzxcrmkshazhbaelzwnaqtkrjtexiskzrofqjzxtsjceiqldhsedyewqczqslccsrrijevqchauzkopwnmzsbjrypfdtaeycgidfhqggewingnihrnwbnmuhtayqqhlwnmmyuibwfhqgemkxgyoumtorkanclrhtupsklvhsolcejvhixmnblugbxciifmvkwauhuywvbuutzktocgcngzkvnwvrjdmoibalwxgxfbubupwisbajtuuxoxpdouqmdaezocfbpkeqezkmrugupulxgtpnlwlfunjuaatfzrggrotfsehswepguoapdpvtfgkyheqwbnpoowafotdzzowxyhxehfrekejjhzctdtqssthcmvmaznatprnjitwflwytwuwlknzwrnpnrymjeeljhyypokdjgiszpozrhojjebxjfrfoxatxhi"
Output = 66042

标签： python

Answer 1

这似乎有效：

keyboard = "pyevcountbgjklxfqwimrdhazs"
word = "gxafwhexxykisc...jebxjfrfoxatxhi"

keys = {char: index for index, char in enumerate(keyboard)}

index = 0
s = 0
for char in word:
    i = keys[char]
    s += abs(index - i)
    index = i
print(s)  # 66042

keys我首先为键盘创建查找表，然后循环遍历char你的角色word，更新index我当前的身份，并在运行总和中求和abs新的 ald 和旧的之间的 olute 差异。indexs

---

在您的解决方案diff中始终分配给0并且永远不会是任何其他值：您只处理当前和以前的字母相同的情况。

您似乎也没有保持当前的索引。