gatsby - Gatsby 构建错误“文档未定义”仅在 Netlify 上
问题描述
当我在 Netlify 上构建时,我在 404 页面上收到一个文档未定义构建错误,但构建在我的本地计算机上成功运行。我也没有在我的页面中引用任何文档或窗口对象。
我尝试删除 404 页面,但相同的错误出现在列表的下一页。
这是我的 404 页面
import React from "react";
import styled from "styled-components";
import AniLink from "gatsby-plugin-transition-link/AniLink";
const Container = styled.div`
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
background: black;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
z-index: 800;
color: white;
`;
const Heading = styled.h1`
font-family: "URWAccidalia";
font-size: 50px;
color: white;
text-align: center;
z-index: 805;
`;
const HomeButton = styled(AniLink)`
font-family: "URWAccidalia";
font-size: 30px;
color: white;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 50px;
z-index: 806;
background: none;
border: none;
text-decoration: none;
opacity: 1;
`;
const ErrorPage = () => {
return (
<Container>
<Heading>Page Not Found</Heading>
<HomeButton fade to="/">
Go Back to Home
</HomeButton>
</Container>
);
};
export default ErrorPage;
这是来自 Netlify 的错误
2:20:59 PM: success Generating image thumbnails — 850/850 - 162.737 s
2:21:07 PM: error #95313 ReferenceError: document is not defined
2:21:07 PM: Building static HTML failed for path "/404/"
2:21:07 PM: See our docs page for more info on this error: https://gatsby.dev/debug-html
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: ReferenceError: document is not defined
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - render-page.js:21018 Object
2:21:07 PM: /opt/build/repo/public/render-page.js:21018:21
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:26 ya
2:21:07 PM: [repo]/[react-dom]/cjs/react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:26:264
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:29 Object.useState
2:21:07 PM: [repo]/[react-dom]/cjs/react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:29:82
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - react.production.min.js:23 useState
2:21:07 PM: [repo]/[react]/cjs/react.production.min.js:23:312
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - render-page.js:21017 ./node_modules/react-three-fiber/dist/index.js.Object
2:21:07 PM: /opt/build/repo/public/render-page.js:21017:76
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:33 c
2:21:07 PM: [repo]/[react-dom]/cjs/react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:33:501
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:36 Sa
2:21:07 PM: [repo]/[react-dom]/cjs/react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:36:1
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:41 a.render
2:21:07 PM: [repo]/[react-dom]/cjs/react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:41:467
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:41 a.read
2:21:07 PM: [repo]/[react-dom]/cjs/react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:41:58
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:53 renderToString
2:21:07 PM: [repo]/[react-dom]/cjs/react-dom-server.node.production.min.js:53:83
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - render-page.js:563 Module../.cache/static-entry.js.__webpack_exports__.defau lt
2:21:07 PM: /opt/build/repo/public/render-page.js:563:28
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - render-html.js:35 Promise
2:21:07 PM: [repo]/[gatsby]/dist/utils/worker/render-html.js:35:36
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - debuggability.js:313 Promise._execute
2:21:07 PM: [repo]/[bluebird]/js/release/debuggability.js:313:9
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - promise.js:488 Promise._resolveFromExecutor
2:21:07 PM: [repo]/[bluebird]/js/release/promise.js:488:18
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - promise.js:79 new Promise
2:21:07 PM: [repo]/[bluebird]/js/release/promise.js:79:10
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: - render-html.js:31 Promise.map.path
2:21:07 PM: [repo]/[gatsby]/dist/utils/worker/render-html.js:31:37
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM:
2:21:07 PM: Skipping functions preparation step: no functions directory set
解决方案
简短的回答: Gatsby 在构建时预渲染组件以静态地为它们服务(模仿服务器端渲染)。确保
document
仅在您的组件已安装(客户端)时访问浏览器上下文变量,例如 。您可以结合使用 useState 和 useEffect 挂钩来实现此目的。
Gatsby 正在尝试构建您的页面以静态提供它,但它缺少document
构建时间的全局变量,该变量仅在浏览器上下文中可用。
在您的情况下,我认为问题可能是由 AniLink 组件在构建时触发的,因为它使用了document
变量,如您在此处看到的。尝试延迟 AniLink 或父组件的实例化。
例如:
const ErrorPage = () => {
const [canRender, setCanRender] = useState(false);
useEffect(() => setCanRender(true));
return (
<Container>
{
canRender ?
<div>
<Heading>Page Not Found</Heading>
<HomeButton fade to="/">
Go Back to Home
</HomeButton>
</div>
: null
}
</Container>
);
}
此外,如果您需要document
在静态渲染的组件中使用浏览器上下文变量,您可以将其替换为 react 钩子以避免构建时出现问题。
例如,如果你有这样的事情:
const Page = () => {
return (
<div>
{
document.querySelector('nav')
? `This is page has a nav tag`
: `This page doesn't have a nav tag`
}
</div>
);
}
您可以通过以下更改解决您的问题:
const Page = () =>
const [hasNavTag, setHasNavTag] = useState(false);
useEffect(() => setHasNavTag(document.querySelector('nav') != null) );
return (
<div>
{
hasNavTag
? `This is page has a nav tag`
: `This page doesn't have a nav tag`
}
</div>
);
}
迟到总比不到好 :)
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