c - C 中是否有一个函数可以搜索字符串的固定部分(行为类似于“strnstr”)?
问题描述
strstr()
很好,但它不允许在第一个参数的前 n 个字符中进行搜索。假设只有前 n 个字符char a[100]
是相关的。C 中是否有一个函数只搜索 的第一个n
字符a
?
解决方案
实现 strnstr的重复
在某些平台strnstr
上存在,在某些平台上不存在,因此它不可移植。
您可以使用如下所示的FreeBSD 版本。
请注意,此函数的旧版本包含在某些情况下导致读取访问冲突的错误!更多信息在这里。
Libc-391.5.22及更早版本包含该错误。
Libc-498及更高版本已修复。
/*-
* Copyright (c) 2001 Mike Barcroft <mike@FreeBSD.org>
* Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
* Chris Torek.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <string.h>
/*
* Find the first occurrence of find in s, where the search is limited to the
* first slen characters of s.
*/
char *
strnstr(const char *s, const char *find, size_t slen)
{
char c, sc;
size_t len;
if ((c = *find++) != '\0') {
len = strlen(find);
do {
do {
if (slen-- < 1 || (sc = *s++) == '\0')
return (NULL);
} while (sc != c);
if (len > slen)
return (NULL);
} while (strncmp(s, find, len) != 0);
s--;
}
return ((char *)s);
}
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