首页 > 解决方案 > 避免非只读静态字段 - 不变性 NDepend

问题描述

我正在使用 NDepend 进行代码分析并收到此警告:

https://www.ndepend.com/default-rules/NDepend-Rules-Explorer.html?ruleid=ND1901#

此规则警告未声明为只读的静态字段。

在面向对象编程中,保存可修改状态的自然工件是实例字段。这种可变的静态字段会在运行时对预期状态造成混淆,并损害代码的可测试性,因为每个测试都重复使用相同的可变状态。

我的代码如下:

using Cosmonaut;
using Microsoft.Azure.Documents.Client;
using System.Configuration;
using LuloWebApi.Entities;


namespace LuloWebApi.Components
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Main class that encapsulates the creation of instances to connecto to Cosmos DB
    /// </summary>
    public sealed class CosmosStoreHolder
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Property to be initiated only once in the constructor (singleton)
        /// </summary>
        private static CosmosStoreHolder instance = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// To block multiple instance creation
        /// </summary>
        private static readonly object padlock = new object();

        /// <summary>
        /// CosmosStore object  to get tenants information
        /// </summary>
        public Cosmonaut.ICosmosStore<SharepointTenant> CosmosStoreTenant { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// CosmosStore object  to get site collection information
        /// </summary>
        public Cosmonaut.ICosmosStore<SiteCollection> CosmosStoreSiteCollection { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// CosmosStore object  to get page templates information
        /// </summary>
        public Cosmonaut.ICosmosStore<PageTemplate> CosmosStorePageTemplate { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// CosmosStore object  to get pages information
        /// </summary>
        public Cosmonaut.ICosmosStore<Page> CosmosStorePage { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// CosmosStore object  to get roles information
        /// </summary>
        public Cosmonaut.ICosmosStore<Role> CosmosStoreRole { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// CosmosStore object  to get clients information
        /// </summary>
        public Cosmonaut.ICosmosStore<Client> CosmosStoreClient { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// CosmosStore object  to get users information
        /// </summary>
        public Cosmonaut.ICosmosStore<User> CosmosStoreUser { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// CosmosStore object  to get partners information
        /// </summary>
        public Cosmonaut.ICosmosStore<Partner> CosmosStorePartner { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// CosmosStore object  to get super administrators information
        /// </summary>
        public Cosmonaut.ICosmosStore<SuperAdministrator> CosmosStoreSuperAdministrator { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Constructor
        /// </summary>
        CosmosStoreHolder()
        {

            CosmosStoreSettings settings = new Cosmonaut.CosmosStoreSettings(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["database"].ToString(),
                 ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["endpoint"].ToString(),
                 ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["authKey"].ToString());

            settings.ConnectionPolicy = new ConnectionPolicy
            {
                ConnectionMode = ConnectionMode.Direct,
                ConnectionProtocol = Protocol.Tcp
            };


            CosmosStoreTenant = new CosmosStore<SharepointTenant>(settings);
            CosmosStoreSiteCollection = new CosmosStore<SiteCollection>(settings);
            CosmosStorePageTemplate = new CosmosStore<PageTemplate>(settings);
            CosmosStorePage = new CosmosStore<Page>(settings);
            CosmosStoreRole = new CosmosStore<Role>(settings);
            CosmosStoreClient = new CosmosStore<Client>(settings);
            CosmosStoreUser = new CosmosStore<User>(settings);
            CosmosStorePartner = new CosmosStore<Partner>(settings);
            CosmosStoreSuperAdministrator = new CosmosStore<SuperAdministrator>(settings);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Instance access, singleton
        /// </summary>
        public static CosmosStoreHolder Instance
        {
            get
            {
                lock (padlock)
                {
                    if (instance == null)
                    {
                        instance = new CosmosStoreHolder();
                    }
                    return instance;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

但是我不确定如何解决此警告。

标签: c#asp.net.netasp.net-mvcasp.net-web-api

解决方案


这是一个指南,而不是硬性规则。通常,非只读静态字段很难凭直觉了解。但是在这种情况下,您正在执行延迟延迟加载,因此... alock和 mutate 确实是实现此目的的一种方法,而不会导致它过早加载。

所以一个务实的解决方法是:忽略/覆盖警告


然而,另一种方法是将字段移动到另一种只读类型并依赖延迟的 .cctor 语义:

public static CosmosStoreHolder Instance {
   [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
   get => DeferredHolder.Instance;
}

private static class DeferredHolder {
    internal static readonly CosmosStoreHolder Instance = new CosmosStoreHolder();
}

然后你甚至不需要锁语义(.cctor 为你处理)。


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