git - tilda 和 caret 符号对 git 中的 HEAD 有什么作用？

Question

我看到有些人使用带有 HEAD 的插入符号和 tilda 符号，例如 HEAD^ 或 HEAD~(NUMBER VALUE)，我无法正确理解。

标签： gitgithubcommand-line-interfacebranchcommit

Answer 1

从 rev-parse 文档：

   <rev>^, e.g. HEAD^, v1.5.1^0
       A suffix ^ to a revision parameter means the first parent of that commit object.  ^<n> means the <n>th
       parent (i.e.  <rev>^ is equivalent to <rev>^1). As a special rule, <rev>^0 means the commit itself and
       is used when <rev> is the object name of a tag object that refers to a commit object.

   <rev>~<n>, e.g. master~3
       A suffix ~<n> to a revision parameter means the commit object that is the <n>th generation ancestor of
       the named commit object, following only the first parents. I.e.  <rev>~3 is equivalent to <rev>^^^ which
       is equivalent to <rev>^1^1^1. See below for an illustration of the usage of this form.