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python - Django - 同一表单上的多个自定义模型

问题描述

我正在使用 Django 2.1 和 PostgreSQL。我的问题是我正在尝试创建一个表单来同时编辑两个不同的模型。该模型与 FK 相关，我看到的每个示例都与用户和配置文件模型有关，但是我无法复制我真正需要的东西。

我的模型简化以显示有关它们的相关信息是：

# base model for Campaigns.
class CampaignBase(models.Model):
    ....
    project = models.ForeignKey(Project, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    creation_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    start_date = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    end_date = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    ....

# define investment campaign made on a project.
class InvestmentCampaign(models.Model):
    ....
    campaign = models.ForeignKey(CampaignBase, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True)

    description = models.CharField(
        blank=True,
        max_length=25000,
    )
    ....

我要创建的表单是包含end_dateFKCampaignBase和Description.InvestmentCampaign

现在我有这个UpdateView来编辑 InvestmentCampaign，我需要适应我的实际需求，也就是更新CampaignBase模型：

class ProjectEditInvestmentCampaignView(LoginRequiredMixin, SuccessMessageMixin, generic.UpdateView):
    template_name = 'webplatform/project_edit_investment_campaign.html'
    model = InvestmentCampaign
    form_class = CreateInvestmentCampaignForm
    success_message = 'Investment campaign updated!'

    def get_success_url(self):
        return reverse_lazy('project-update-investment-campaign', args=(self.kwargs['project'], self.kwargs['pk']))

    # Make the view only available for the users with current fields
    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        self.object = self.get_object()
        # here you can make your custom validation for any particular user
        if request.user != self.object.campaign.project.user:
            raise PermissionDenied()
        return super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

    # Set field as current user
    def form_valid(self, form):
        campaign = InvestmentCampaign.objects.get(pk=self.kwargs['campaign'])
        form.instance.campaign = campaign
        form.instance.history_change_reason = 'Investment campaign updated'
        return super(ProjectEditInvestmentCampaignView, self).form_valid(form)

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        project = Project.objects.get(pk=self.kwargs['project'])
        context = super(ProjectEditInvestmentCampaignView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
        context['project'] = project
        return context

我的表格是：

class CreateCampaignBaseForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = CampaignBase
        fields = ('end_date',)
        widgets = {
            'end_date': DateTimePickerInput(),
        }

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # first call parent's constructor
        super(CreateCampaignBaseForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        # evade all labels and help text to appear when using "as_crispy_tag"
        self.helper = FormHelper(self)
        self.helper.form_show_labels = False
        self.helper._help_text_inline = True


class CreateInvestmentCampaignForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = InvestmentCampaign
        fields = ('description')
        widgets = {
            'description': SummernoteWidget(attrs={'summernote': {
                'placeholder': 'Add some details of the Investment Campaign here...'}}),
        }

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # first call parent's constructor
        super(CreateInvestmentCampaignForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        # evade all labels and help text to appear when using "as_crispy_tag"
        self.helper = FormHelper(self)
        self.helper.form_show_labels = False
        self.helper._help_text_inline = True

我到处读到，最好的方法是使用基于函数的视图，并调用我拥有的每个表单，然后进行验证。问题是我不知道如何以两种形式使用正确的对象填充字段，而且我不知道如何执行与 get_context_data 等效的操作，也不知道如何获取self与get_success_url(因为对于基于函数的视图，我只有请求 attr，所以我无法访问 kwargs）。

我见过一些人使用django-betterforms，但同样，唯一的例子是 auth 和 profile 模型，我看不到用我自己的模型复制它的方法。

非常感谢。

标签： pythondjangodjango-formsdjango-views

解决方案

如果您只想更改 上的一个字段end_date，BaseCampaign那么您应该只使用一种表单。只需在您和您的方法中添加end_date一个附加字段（例如forms.DateTimeField()），保存表单后，在相关活动上设置值：CreateInvestmentCampaignFormform.valid()

def form_valid(self, form):
    inv_campaign = form.save(commit=False)
    inv_campaign.campaign.end_date = form.cleaned_data['end_date']
    inv_campaign.campaign.save()
    inv_campaign.history_change_reason = ...
    return super().form_valid(form)

以下是如何添加end_date到您的表单并正确初始化它：

class CreateInvestmentCampaignForm(ModelForm):
    end_date = forms.DateTimeField(blank=True)

    class Meta:
        model = InvestmentCampaign
        fields = ('description')

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        if self.instance.campaign:
            self.fields['end_date'].initial = self.instance.campaign.end_date

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