时间戳

首页 > 解决方案 > 为什么 Perl 在前面没有最后一部分时替换文本：*. *.?

regex - 为什么 Perl 在前面没有最后一部分时替换文本：*. *.?

问题描述

我想通过 Perl 删除部分 xml 文件（JMeter 测试计划的元素），它们是：

              <hashTree>
                <JSONPathAssertion guiclass="JSONPathAssertionGui" testclass="JSONPathAssertion" testname="SON-ASS" enabled="true">
                  <stringProp name="JSON_PATH">$.status</stringProp>
                  <stringProp name="EXPECTED_VALUE">ok</stringProp>
                  <boolProp name="JSONVALIDATION">true</boolProp>
                  <boolProp name="EXPECT_NULL">false</boolProp>
                  <boolProp name="INVERT">false</boolProp>
                  <boolProp name="ISREGEX">false</boolProp>
                </JSONPathAssertion>
                <hashTree/>
              </hashTree>

第一次JSONPathAssertion发生在tst.jmx：

grep -A 10 JSONPath test7.jmx | head -n 10：

</HTTPSamplerProxy>
          <hashTree>
            <JSONPathAssertion guiclass="JSONPathAssertionGui" testclass="JSONPathAssertion" testname="SON-ASS" enabled="true">
              <stringProp name="JSON_PATH">$.status</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="EXPECTED_VALUE">ok</stringProp>
              <boolProp name="JSONVALIDATION">true</boolProp>
              <boolProp name="EXPECT_NULL">false</boolProp>
              <boolProp name="INVERT">false</boolProp>
              <boolProp name="ISREGEX">false</boolProp>
            </JSONPathAssertion>
            <hashTree/>
            <JSR223PreProcessor guiclass="TestBeanGUI" testclass="JSR223PreProcessor" testname="JSR223 PreProcessor" enabled="true">

</hashTree>.仅第一次出现后没有<hashTree/>.空格分隔。

然后我写：

cat test7.jmx | perl -0777pe 's` *<hashTree>. *<JSONPathAssertion.*?</JSONPathAssertion>. *<hashTree/>. *</hashTree>.``gs' > test7_1.jmx

然后grep -A 10 JSONPath test7_1.jmx | head -n 10现在有空输出。结果文件根本没有JSONPathAssertion。为什么那个特定的事件被替换了？

PS 可能值得单独提出一个问题，但我无法找到如何在 perl 中匹配单个换行符，仅作为较大模式的一部分：

如何在 perl 正则表达式中匹配换行符 \n？.

正则表达式匹配任何字符，包括换行符

评论后添加：

下面的完整文件 test7.jmx（再次测试从 SO 复制内容并将 vi 粘贴到新文件），顺便说一句MacOS Mojave，在 CentOS 7 上确认的一次迭代中全部完成：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jmeterTestPlan version="1.2" properties="5.0" jmeter="5.1.1 r1855137">
  <hashTree>
    <TestPlan guiclass="TestPlanGui" testclass="TestPlan" testname="test one" enabled="true">
      <stringProp name="TestPlan.comments"></stringProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.functional_mode">false</boolProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.tearDown_on_shutdown">true</boolProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.serialize_threadgroups">false</boolProp>
      <elementProp name="TestPlan.user_defined_variables" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="ArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="User Defined Variables" enabled="true">
        <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/>
      </elementProp>
      <stringProp name="TestPlan.user_define_classpath"></stringProp>
    </TestPlan>
    <hashTree>
      <com.blazemeter.jmeter.threads.concurrency.ConcurrencyThreadGroup guiclass="com.blazemeter.jmeter.threads.concurrency.ConcurrencyThreadGroupGui" testclass="com.blazemeter.jmeter.threads.concurrency.ConcurrencyThreadGroup" testname="Thread - main" enabled="true">
        <elementProp name="ThreadGroup.main_controller" elementType="com.blazemeter.jmeter.control.VirtualUserController"/>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.on_sample_error">continue</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="TargetLevel">${__P(threads, 1)}</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="RampUp">${__P(time, 1)}</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="Steps">${__P(steps, 1)}</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="Hold">${__P(hold, 3)}</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="LogFilename"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="Iterations"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="Unit">M</stringProp>
      </com.blazemeter.jmeter.threads.concurrency.ConcurrencyThreadGroup>
      <hashTree>
        <GenericController guiclass="LogicControllerGui" testclass="GenericController" testname="Simple Controller - main" enabled="true"/>
        <hashTree>
          <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="REQUEST1" enabled="true">
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.postBodyRaw">true</boolProp>
            <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments">
              <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
                <elementProp name="" elementType="HTTPArgument">
                  <boolProp name="HTTPArgument.always_encode">false</boolProp>
                  <stringProp name="Argument.value">{&#xd;
    &quot;version&quot;: &quot;1.1&quot;,&#xd;
    &quot;test&quot;: {&#xd;
}</stringProp>
                  <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
                </elementProp>
              </collectionProp>
            </elementProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">POST</stringProp>
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">false</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
            <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
          </HTTPSamplerProxy>
          <hashTree>
            <JSONPathAssertion guiclass="JSONPathAssertionGui" testclass="JSONPathAssertion" testname="JSON Assertion" enabled="true">
              <stringProp name="JSON_PATH">$.status</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="EXPECTED_VALUE">ok</stringProp>
              <boolProp name="JSONVALIDATION">true</boolProp>
              <boolProp name="EXPECT_NULL">false</boolProp>
              <boolProp name="INVERT">false</boolProp>
              <boolProp name="ISREGEX">false</boolProp>
            </JSONPathAssertion>
            <hashTree/>
            <JSR223PreProcessor guiclass="TestBeanGUI" testclass="JSR223PreProcessor" testname="JSR223 PreProcessor" enabled="true">
              <stringProp name="cacheKey">true</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
              <stringProp name="parameters"></stringProp>
              <stringProp name="script">// period in the past - year-month-day, set from properties in User Defined Variables

import java.time.Instant;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
import groovy.json.JsonOutput;
import org.apache.commons.lang.RandomStringUtils;</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="scriptLanguage">groovy</stringProp>
            </JSR223PreProcessor>
            <hashTree/>
            <JSR223PostProcessor guiclass="TestBeanGUI" testclass="JSR223PostProcessor" testname="JSR223 PostProcessor" enabled="true">
              <stringProp name="cacheKey">true</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
              <stringProp name="parameters"></stringProp>
              <stringProp name="script">import java.time.Instant;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;</stringProp>
              <stringProp name="scriptLanguage">groovy</stringProp>
            </JSR223PostProcessor>
            <hashTree/>
          </hashTree>
          <IfController guiclass="IfControllerPanel" testclass="IfController" testname="If Controller" enabled="true">
            <stringProp name="IfController.condition">${__groovy(${random_variable} == 1)}</stringProp>
            <boolProp name="IfController.evaluateAll">false</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="IfController.useExpression">true</boolProp>
          </IfController>
          <hashTree>
            <RandomController guiclass="RandomControlGui" testclass="RandomController" testname="Random Controller" enabled="true">
              <intProp name="InterleaveControl.style">1</intProp>
            </RandomController>
            <hashTree>
              <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="REQUEST2" enabled="true">
                <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.postBodyRaw">true</boolProp>
                <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments">
                  <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
                    <elementProp name="" elementType="HTTPArgument">
                      <boolProp name="HTTPArgument.always_encode">false</boolProp>
                      <stringProp name="Argument.value">{&#xd;
    &quot;version&quot;: &quot;1.1&quot;,&#xd;
    &quot;test&quot;: {&#xd;
}</stringProp>
                      <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
                    </elementProp>
                  </collectionProp>
                </elementProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">POST</stringProp>
                <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">false</boolProp>
                <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp>
                <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp>
                <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
                <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
              </HTTPSamplerProxy>
              <hashTree>
                <JSONPathAssertion guiclass="JSONPathAssertionGui" testclass="JSONPathAssertion" testname="JSON Assertion" enabled="true">
                  <stringProp name="JSON_PATH">$.status</stringProp>
                  <stringProp name="EXPECTED_VALUE">ok</stringProp>
                  <boolProp name="JSONVALIDATION">true</boolProp>
                  <boolProp name="EXPECT_NULL">false</boolProp>
                  <boolProp name="INVERT">false</boolProp>
                  <boolProp name="ISREGEX">false</boolProp>
                </JSONPathAssertion>
                <hashTree/>
              </hashTree>
            </hashTree>
          </hashTree>
        </hashTree>
      </hashTree>
    </hashTree>
  </hashTree>
</jmeterTestPlan>

标签： regexperljmeter

解决方案

这显示了正在匹配的内容。文本的整个突出显示部分只是一个匹配项。匹配的.*?比您预期的要多。

我会使用适当的 XML 解析器。

use XML::LibXML qw( );

my $xpath = "
   //hashTree[
      count(*)=2 and
      *[position()=1 and name()='JSONPathAssertion'] and
      *[position()=2 and name()='hashTree' and count(*)=0]
   ]
";

my $doc = XML::LibXML->new->parse_file("a.xml");
$_->unlink for $doc->findnodes($xpath);
$doc->toFile("b.xml");

或者

use XML::LibXML qw( );

my $doc = XML::LibXML->new->parse_file("a.xml");
for my $node ($doc->findnodes("//hashTree")) {
   my @child_eles = $node->findnodes("*");
   $node->unlink
      if @child_eles == 2
      && $child_eles[0]->nodeName eq "JSONPathAssertion"
      && $child_eles[1]->nodeName eq "hashTree"
      && $child_eles[1]->findnodes("*")->size == 0;
}

$doc->toFile("b.xml");

推荐阅读