python - 无法使用 SQL Server 使用 SQLAlchemy 创建数据库
问题描述
请注意，我一直在尝试使用 SQLAlchemy 创建一个新数据库，但是在尝试使用 laravel 和 vagrant 时遇到了很多错误。谢天谢地，我已经能够使用 pyodbc 创建一个新数据库，但最终我想通过 SQLAlchemy 完成所有工作。
这是此时使用 pyodbc 创建新数据库的代码：
for tagList in myTagList:
conn = pyodbc.connect("driver={SQL Server Native Client 11.0};server=localhost,2433; database=master; UID=myUser;PWD=myUser2", autocommit=True)
conn.execute('CREATE DATABASE ' + tagList["job"].jobNumber)
我将如何更改它以使用 SQLAlchemy？目前，我查看了许多链接，例如如何使用 SQLAlchemy 创建新数据库？和sqlalchemy，如果它不存在则创建一个 sqlite 数据库，但是https://sqlalchemy-utils.readthedocs.io/en/latest/database_helpers.html它似乎适用于 postgresql 但不适用于 SQL Server：
添加对创建数据库的支持（请参阅如何使用 SQLAlchemy 创建新数据库？）：
Projects>pip install sqlalchemy-utils
pip install sqlalchemy-utils
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 will reach the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 won`t be maintained after that date. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.7. More details about Python 2 support in pip, can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support
Collecting sqlalchemy-utils
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/bf/7e/3211ad9b3983b216d1b1863fd7734f80bacd1a62a5de8ff6844fb5ed1498/SQLAlchemy-Utils-0.35.0.tar.gz (129kB)
Requirement already satisfied: six in c:\users\myUser\appdata\roaming\python\python27\site-packages (from sqlalchemy-utils) (1.13.0)
Requirement already satisfied: SQLAlchemy>=1.0 in c:\python27\lib\site-packages (from sqlalchemy-utils) (1.3.11)
Installing collected packages: sqlalchemy-utils
Running setup.py install for sqlalchemy-utils: started
Running setup.py install for sqlalchemy-utils: finished with status 'done'
Successfully installed sqlalchemy-utils-0.35.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#Save historical data into new MyDB000N database
for tagList in myTagList:
fsDatabaseEngine = create_engine('mssql+pyodbc://myUser:myUser2@localhost:2433/' + tagList["job"].jobNumber + '?driver=SQL+Server+Native+Client+11.0?trusted_connection=yes')
if not database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url):
create_database(fsDatabaseEngine.url)
print(database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url))
-----
在这条线上if not database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url):接收：
self.__connect(first_connect_check=True)
File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 639, in __connect
connection = pool._invoke_creator(self)
File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\strategies.py", line 114, in connect
return dialect.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\default.py", line 482, in connect
return self.dbapi.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
sqlalchemy.exc.InterfaceError: (pyodbc.InterfaceError) ('28000', u'[28000] [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0][SQL Server]Login failed for user \'myUser\'. (18456) (SQLDriverConnect); [28000] [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0][SQL Server]Cannot open database "MyDB00001" requested by the login. The login failed. (4060); [28000] [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0][SQL Server]Login failed for user \'myUser\'. (18456); [28000] [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0][SQL Server]Cannot open database "MyDB00001" requested by the login. The login failed. (4060)')
(Background on this error at: http://sqlalche.me/e/rvf5)
-----
C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\connectors\pyodbc.py:79: SAWarning: No driver name specified; this is expected by PyODBC when using DSN-less connections
"No driver name specified; "
-----
#Save historical data into new MyDB000N database
for tagList in myTagList:
# fsDatabaseEngine = create_engine('mssql://mssql@localhost:2433/' + tagList["job"].jobNumber + '?driver=SQL+Server+Native+Client+11.0?trusted_connection=yes')
# if not database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url):
create_database('mssql://mssql@localhost:2433/' + tagList["job"].jobNumber)
#print(database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url))
File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\default.py", line 482, in connect
return self.dbapi.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
sqlalchemy.exc.InterfaceError: (pyodbc.InterfaceError) ('IM002', u'[IM002] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver Manager] Data source name not found and no default driver specified (0) (SQLDriverConnect)')
(Background on this error at: http://sqlalche.me/e/rvf5)
PS Projects>
-----
#Save historical data into new MyDB000N database
for tagList in myTagList:
# fsDatabaseEngine = create_engine('mssql://mssql@localhost:2433/' + tagList["job"].jobNumber + '?driver=SQL+Server+Native+Client+11.0?trusted_connection=yes')
# if not database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url):
create_database('mssql://myUser:myUser2@localhost:2433/' + tagList["job"].jobNumber+ '?driver=SQL+Server+Native+Client+11.0?trusted_connection=yes')
#print(database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url))
File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 1246, in _execute_context
cursor, statement, parameters, context
File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\default.py", line 581, in do_execute
cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
sqlalchemy.exc.ProgrammingError: (pyodbc.ProgrammingError) ('42000', u'[42000] [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0][SQL Server]CREATE DATABASE statement not allowed within multi-statement transaction. (226) (SQLExecDirectW)')
[SQL: CREATE DATABASE [MyDB00001]]
(Background on this error at: http://sqlalche.me/e/f405)
PS Projects>
-----
#Save historical data into new MyDB000N database
for tagList in myTagList:
with create_engine(
'mssql://mssql',
isolation_level="AUTOCOMMIT"
).connect() as connection:
connection.execute('CREATE DATABASE ' + tagList["job"].jobNumber)
# if not database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url):
#create_database('mssql://myUser:myUser2@localhost:2433/' + tagList["job"].jobNumber)
#print(database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url))
File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\default.py", line 482, in connect
return self.dbapi.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
sqlalchemy.exc.InterfaceError: (pyodbc.InterfaceError) ('IM002', u'[IM002] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver Manager] Data source name not found and no default driver specified (0) (SQLDriverConnect)')
(Background on this error at: http://sqlalche.me/e/rvf5)
PS Projects>
-----
#Save historical data into new MyDB000N database
for tagList in myTagList:
session.execute('CREATE DATABASE ' + tagList["job"].jobNumber)
File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\default.py", line 581, in do_execute
cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
sqlalchemy.exc.ProgrammingError: (pyodbc.ProgrammingError) ('42000', u'[42000] [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0][SQL Server]CREATE DATABASE statement not allowed within multi-statement transaction. (226) (SQLExecDirectW)')
[SQL: CREATE DATABASE MyDB00001]
(Background on this error at: http://sqlalche.me/e/f405)
PS Projects>
-----
#Save historical data into new MyDB000N database
for tagList in myTagList:
conn = pyodbc.connect("driver={SQL Server};server=ubuntu-bionic; database=master; trusted_connection=true",
autocommit=True)
Exception has occurred: OperationalError
('08001', u'[08001] [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][DBNETLIB]SQL Server does not exist or access denied. (17) (SQLDriverConnect); [08001] [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][DBNETLIB]ConnectionOpen (Connect()). (53)')
File "Projects\interesting_data.py", line 81, in <module>
autocommit=True)
-----
#Save historical data into new MyDB000N database
for tagList in myTagList:
conn = pyodbc.connect("driver={SQL Server Native Client 10.0};server=localhost,2433; database=master; trusted_connection=true", autocommit=True)
Exception has occurred: InterfaceError
('IM002', u'[IM002] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver Manager] Data source name not found and no default driver specified (0) (SQLDriverConnect)')
File "Projects\interesting_data.py", line 80, in <module>
conn = pyodbc.connect("driver={SQL Server Native Client 10.0};server=localhost,2433; database=master; trusted_connection=true", autocommit=True)
-----
#Save historical data into new MyDB000N database
for tagList in myTagList:
conn = pyodbc.connect("driver={SQL Server Native Client 11.0};server=localhost,2433; database=master; trusted_connection=true", autocommit=True)
Exception has occurred: OperationalError
('08001', u"[08001] [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0]Invalid value specified for connection string attribute 'trusted_connection' (0) (SQLDriverConnect)")
File "Projects\interesting_data.py", line 80, in <module>
conn = pyodbc.connect("driver={SQL Server Native Client 11.0};server=localhost,2433; database=master; trusted_connection=true", autocommit=True)
-----
#Save historical data into new MyDB000N database
for tagList in myTagList:
conn = pyodbc.connect("driver={SQL Server Native Client 11.0};server=localhost,2433; database=master; trusted_connection=yes", autocommit=True)
Exception has occurred: Error
('HY000', u'[HY000] [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0]SQL Server Network Interfaces: No credentials are available in the security package\r\n (-2146893042) (SQLDriverConnect); [HY000] [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0]Cannot generate SSPI context (-2146893042); [HY000] [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0]SQL Server Network Interfaces: No credentials are available in the security package\r\n (-2146893042); [HY000] [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0]Cannot generate SSPI context (-2146893042)')
File "Projects\interesting_data.py", line 80, in <module>
conn = pyodbc.connect("driver={SQL Server Native Client 11.0};server=localhost,2433; database=master; trusted_connection=yes", autocommit=True)
import urllib
#Save historical data into new MyDB000N database
for tagList in rdTagList:
# if not database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url):
params = urllib.parse.quote_plus("driver={SQL Server Native Client 11.0};server=localhost,2433; database=master; UID=phpUser;PWD=phpUser2")
tagListEngine = sqlalchemy.create_engine("mssql+pyodbc:///?odbc_connect=%s" % params)
tagListEngine.connect()
这使：
Exception has occurred: AttributeError
'module' object has no attribute 'parse'
File "C:\Projects\interesting_data.py", line 82, in <module>
params = urllib.parse.quote_plus("driver={SQL Server Native Client 11.0};server=localhost,2433; database=master; UID=myUser;PWD=myUser2")
你有什么建议？TIA。
更新：
不知道我之前是如何错过它的，但最终基于@snakecharmerb的建议，它现在可以在不需要的情况下工作urllib：
#Save historical data into new MyDB000N database
for tagList in rdTagList:
fsDatabaseEngine = create_engine('mssql+pyodbc://myUser:myUser2@localhost:2433/' + tagList["job"].jobNumber + '?driver=SQL+Server+Native+Client+11.0?trusted_connection=yes')
if not database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url):
create_database(fsDatabaseEngine.url)
print(database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url))
谢谢！
更新 2：
为了将解决方案归零，在我的研究中，我找到了使用postgres://postgres... 的解释，但最终在我的情况下，我需要更改mssql://myUser为mssql+pyodbc://myUser...
解决方案
基于@shakecharmerb的评论，这是解决方案：
#Save historical data into new MyDB000N database
for tagList in rdTagList:
fsDatabaseEngine = create_engine('mssql+pyodbc://myUser:myUser2@localhost:2433/' + tagList["job"].jobNumber + '?driver=SQL+Server+Native+Client+11.0?trusted_connection=yes')
if not database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url):
create_database(fsDatabaseEngine.url)
print(database_exists(fsDatabaseEngine.url))
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