django - /api/users/ 处的 ValueError 无法查询“samson”：必须是“用户”实例

问题描述

在注册时为新用户生成令牌时遇到问题。

在 POSTMAN 测试期间，当我向服务器发送 POST 请求时，用户已注册但不会为用户生成令牌。

Environment:


Request Method: POST
Request URL: http://localhost:8000/api/users/

Django Version: 3.0
Python Version: 3.8.0
Installed Applications:
['phone_verify',
 'django.contrib.admin',
 'django.contrib.auth',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.messages',
 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 'rest_framework',
 'rest_auth',
 'rest_framework.authtoken',
 'findr']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']



Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 34, in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 115, in _get_response
    response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 113, in _get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\views\decorators\csrf.py", line 54, in wrapped_view
    return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\views\generic\base.py", line 71, in view
    return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 505, in dispatch
    response = self.handle_exception(exc)
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 465, in handle_exception
    self.raise_uncaught_exception(exc)
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 476, in raise_uncaught_exception
    raise exc
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 502, in dispatch
    response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\Desktop\FinderAPI\findr\views.py", line 133, in post
    Token.objects.filter(user=users).delete()
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\manager.py", line 82, in manager_method
    return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 904, in filter
    return self._filter_or_exclude(False, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 923, in _filter_or_exclude
    clone.query.add_q(Q(*args, **kwargs))
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\query.py", line 1337, in add_q
    clause, _ = self._add_q(q_object, self.used_aliases)
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\query.py", line 1362, in _add_q
    child_clause, needed_inner = self.build_filter(
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\query.py", line 1271, in build_filter
    self.check_related_objects(join_info.final_field, value, join_info.opts)
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\query.py", line 1112, in check_related_objects
    self.check_query_object_type(value, opts, field)
  File "C:\Users\UBITEK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\query.py", line 1093, in check_query_object_type
    raise ValueError(

Exception Type: ValueError at /api/users/
Exception Value: Cannot query "sams": Must be "User" instance.

models.py
class User(models.Model):
    username = models.CharField('username',max_length=60)
    phone_number = models.CharField('phone_number',max_length=11,unique=True)
    is_admin = models.BooleanField('staff_status',max_length=6, default=False)
    date_joined = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
    #key = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True, blank=True)



    objects = models.Manager()


    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

视图.py

class UserList(APIView):
    def get(self,request):
        users = User.objects.all()
        serializer = UserSerializer(users,many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data)

    def post(self,request):
        serializer = UserSerializer(data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            users = serializer.save()
            if users:
                Token.objects.filter(user=users).delete()
                token = Token.objects.create(user=users)
                json = serializer.data
                json['token'] = token.key
                return Response(json, status= status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

序列化程序.py

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    username = serializers.CharField(
            validators=[UniqueValidator(queryset=User.objects.all())]
            )
    phone_number = serializers.CharField(min_length=11, required=True, 
    validators=[UniqueValidator(queryset=User.objects.all())])

    def create(self, validated_data):
        user = User.objects.create(username=validated_data['username'],phone_number=validated_data['phone_number'])
        return user

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('id', 'username', 'phone_number')

标签： djangopython-3.xdjango-rest-framework

解决方案

问题的解决方案：提供request.user给create方法。

Token.objects.create(user=request.user)

从评论中，你得到了IntegrityError at /api/users/ (1062, "Duplicate entry '1' for key 'user_id'")。由于Token模型具有OneToOneField“用户”模型，因此同一用户不能有重复条目。您已删除令牌，然后再次创建它。由于您想为刚刚创建的用户创建令牌，因此您的 post 方法将如下所示：


def post(self,request):
    serializer = UserSerializer(data=request.data)
    if serializer.is_valid():
        users = serializer.save()
        if users:
            Token.objects.filter(user=users).delete()
            token = Token.objects.create(user=users)
            # you can update the token by: token.key = token.generate_key() and then calling save()
            json = serializer.data
            json['token'] = token.key
            return Response(serializer.data, status= status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
    return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

我检查了这段代码，它对我有用。serializer.save()将返回一个用户实例，您可以将其传递给create()Token 模型的方法。

编辑浏览完代码后，我可以说他正在尝试创建自定义用户模型，并且AUTH_USER_MODEL设置不正确。自定义模型名称也是User. 正确设置并更改更多设置（USERNAME_FIELD在模型中）解决了问题。

django - /api/users/ 处的 ValueError 无法查询“samson”：必须是“用户”实例

问题描述

解决方案

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