首页 > 解决方案 > 在没有安装 rgdal 的情况下在 R 中解压缩和读取形状文件

问题描述

我想在不依赖 rgdal 的情况下,在 R 中从网上解压缩并读取形状文件。我发现该软件包的read.shp功能fastshp显然可以在没有在环境中安装 rgdal 的情况下完成此操作,但是,我在实现时遇到了麻烦。

我想要一个可以解压缩然后读取形状文件的函数,类似于此SO帖子中的内容,但对于该read.shp函数。我尝试了以下但无济于事:

dlshape=function(shploc, format) {
  temp=tempfile()
  download.file(shploc, temp)
  unzip(temp)
  shp.data <- sapply(".", function(f) {
    f <- file.path(temp, f)
    return(read.shp(".", format))
  })
}

shp_object<-dlshape('https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/COUNTY/tl_2017_us_county.zip', 'polygon')
 Error in read.shp(".", format) : unused argument (format) 

我还尝试了以下方法:

  dlshape=function(shploc) {
      temp=tempfile()
      download.file(shploc, temp)
      unzip(temp)
      shp.data <- sapply(".", function(f) {
        f <- file.path(temp, f)
        return(read.shp("."))
      })
    }

 shp_object<-dlshape('https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/COUNTY/tl_2017_us_county.zip')

Error in file(shp.name, "rb") : cannot open the connection
In addition: Warning messages:
1: In file(shp.name, "rb") : 'raw = FALSE' but '.' is not a regular file
2: In file(shp.name, "rb") :
 Show Traceback
 Rerun with Debug
 Error in file(shp.name, "rb") : cannot open the connection

我怀疑这与read.shp()我在函数中输入文件夹名称而不是 .shp 名称(因为readOGR它有效但不适用于read.shp)这一事实有关。非常感谢任何帮助。

标签: rspatialshapefilergdal

解决方案


您可以使用unzip()from utils 和read_sf()from sf 来解压缩然后加载您的 shapefile。这是一个工作示例:

#create a couple temp files
temp <- tempfile()
temp2 <- tempfile()
#download the zip folder from the internet save to 'temp' 
download.file("https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2017/COUNTY/tl_2017_us_county.zip",temp)
#unzip the contents in 'temp' and save unzipped content in 'temp2'
unzip(zipfile = temp, exdir = temp2)
#finds the filepath of the shapefile (.shp) file in the temp2 unzip folder
#the $ at the end of ".shp$" ensures you are not also finding files such as .shp.xml 
your_SHP_file<-list.files(temp2, pattern = ".shp$",full.names=TRUE)

#read the shapefile. Alternatively make an assignment, such as f<-sf::read_sf(your_SHP_file)
sf::read_sf(your_SHP_file)

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