r - 在R中,人口金字塔的ggplot:翻转坐标后如何将靠近轴的标签与geom_bar geom_label对齐
问题描述
我正在使用 ggplot 制作一种人口金字塔(plotrix 不允许我做花哨的标签等),然后我从带有标签的 geom_bar 开始,然后我翻转坐标。可悲的是,标签几乎看不到。我想将这些标签移到中间的“y轴”附近,现在显示年龄组。数据在这里: d <- data.frame(age.grp2 = c("1-10", "11-20", "21-30", "31-40", "41-50", "1-10", "11-20", "21-30", "31-40", "41-50"),
sex = c("Female","Female","Female","Female","Female","Male","Male","Male","Male","Male" ),
n.enroll = c(288,500,400,300,200,300,460,300,200,300),
proportion = c(17.1,29.6,23.7,17.8,11.8,51,47.9,42.9,40,60),
proportion2 = c(-17.1,-29.6,-23.7,-17.8,-11.8,51,47.9,42.9,40,60))
我的代码是这个: ggplot(d, aes(x = age.grp2, y = proportion2, fill = sex)) +
geom_bar(position = position_dodge(width=1), stat='identity') +
geom_label(aes(label = paste(n.enroll," (",proportion,"%)", sep=""), group = factor(sex)),
fill="white", colour = "black",
position= position_dodge(width=1),
size = 3) +
scale_fill_manual(values=c("#BFD5E3", "grey")) +
facet_share(~sex, dir = "h", scales = "free", reverse_num = TRUE) +
coord_flip() +
theme(panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
#panel.border = element_blank(),
panel.background = element_blank(),
legend.position = "none",
#axis.line.x = element_line(color = "black"),
axis.ticks.y = element_blank(),
axis.text.x = element_text(colour = "black", size = 8, face = "bold", angle=0, hjust=0.5),
axis.text.y = element_text(colour = "black", size = 8, face = "bold"),
axis.title.x = element_text(size = 14, face="bold", margin = margin(t = 30, r = 20, b = 10, l = 20)),
plot.margin = unit(c(1,1,1,1),"cm")) +
labs(y = "Enrollment percentage within sex",x="")
我还附上了情节,我们可以在女性中看到 11-20 岁年龄段的标签被剪掉。我想让所有标签靠近年龄组标签,在每个栏中:女性标签向右移动,男性标签向左移动。另外,我想让每个 x 轴扩展到 100% 或至少在相同的范围内,女性高达 30%,男性高达 60%。感谢所有的评论
解决方案
这是使用基本包的最小解决方案ggplot
,没有大部分格式。关键部分是在该部分中添加y = ...
条件geom_label(aes())
:
d %>%
mutate(
label = str_c(n.enroll, " (", proportion, "%)"),
label_loc = if_else(sex == "Female", -9.5, 3),
proportion_for_chart = if_else(sex == "Female", -proportion, proportion)
) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = age.grp2, y = proportion_for_chart, fill = sex)) +
geom_col(show.legend = FALSE) +
geom_label(aes(y = label_loc, label = label), size = 3, fill = "white", hjust = 0) +
coord_flip() +
facet_wrap(~ sex, scales = "free") +
theme(
axis.title = element_blank()
)
只要有可能,我都会尝试重塑数据并使用geom_col
而不是尝试使用geom_bar
. 您应该能够y
在geom_label
调用中使用不同的硬编码值,以根据您的格式和图像大小/比例修复标签的正确位置。
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