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kubernetes - 使用 kubectl 连接到远程 kubernetes 集群时由未知权威签署的证书

问题描述

我正在使用 kubectl 连接远程 kubernetes 集群（v1.15.2），我正在将配置从远程服务器复制到本地 macOS：

scp -r root@ip:~/.kube/config ~/.kube

并将 url 更改为https://kube-ctl.example.com，我将 api 服务器暴露在互联网上：

apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
    certificate-authority-data: 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
    server: https://k8s-ctl.example.com
  name: kubernetes
contexts:
- context:
    cluster: kubernetes
    namespace: kube-system
    user: admin
  name: kubernetes
current-context: kubernetes
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
- name: admin
  user:

当我在本地 Mac 中获取集群 pod 信息时：

kubectl get pods --all-namespaces

给出这个错误：

Unable to connect to the server: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority

当我https://k8s-ctl.example.com在谷歌浏览器中访问时，结果是：

{
kind: "Status",
apiVersion: "v1",
metadata: { },
status: "Failure",
message: "Unauthorized",
reason: "Unauthorized",
code: 401
}

我应该怎么做才能使用 kubectl 客户端访问远程 k8s 集群成功？

我尝试.kube/config通过命令使用此生成的一种方法，但得到相同的结果：

apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
    certificate-authority: ssl/ca.pem
    server: https://k8s-ctl.example.com
  name: default
contexts:
- context:
    cluster: default
    user: admin
  name: default
current-context: default
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
- name: admin
  user:
    client-certificate: ssl/admin.pem
    client-key: ssl/admin-key.pem

标签： kubernetes

解决方案

我已经重现了您的问题，并且当您按照kubernetes-the-hard-way创建集群时，您需要按照这些步骤才能从不同的控制台访问您的集群。

首先，您必须将在引导集群时创建的以下证书复制到~/.kube/本地计算机的目录中：

ca.pem
admin.pem
admin-key.pem

将这些文件复制到本地计算机后，执行以下命令：

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes-the-hard-way \
  --certificate-authority=~/.kube/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=https://${KUBERNETES_PUBLIC_ADDRESS}:6443

kubectl config set-credentials admin \
  --client-certificate=~/.kube/admin.pem \
  --client-key=~/.kube/admin-key.pem

kubectl config set-context kubernetes-the-hard-way \
  --cluster=kubernetes-the-hard-way \
  --user=admin

kubectl config use-context kubernetes-the-hard-way

请注意，您必须将${KUBERNETES_PUBLIC_ADDRESS}变量替换为集群的远程地址。

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