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c - 如何在 C 中编写正确的包含和模块化我的应用程序？

问题描述

我再次寻求您的帮助:) 在#includes 中找不到错误，检查了几次，与 geekstogeeks 示例和类似问题进行了比较。所以我有：

/tmp/ccWUaJkV.o:/home/felix/Programming/dypak/objects.obj:27: multiple definition of `RankNames'
/tmp/ccA7hhxl.o:/home/felix/Programming/dypak/objects.obj:27: first defined here
/tmp/ccWUaJkV.o:/home/felix/Programming/dypak/objects.obj:28: multiple definition of `SuitNames'
/tmp/ccA7hhxl.o:/home/felix/Programming/dypak/objects.obj:28: first defined here
/tmp/ccWUaJkV.o:(.bss+0x0): multiple definition of `__odr_asan.SuitNames'
/tmp/ccA7hhxl.o:(.bss+0x0): first defined here
/tmp/ccWUaJkV.o:(.bss+0x1): multiple definition of `__odr_asan.RankNames'
/tmp/ccA7hhxl.o:(.bss+0x1): first defined here
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

编译后

gcc -rdynamic -std=c11 `pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0` cardmethods.c main.c -o main `pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0` -lX11

对象.obj

#include <stdbool.h>
#ifndef OBJECTS_O_
#define OBJECTS_O_

typedef struct myCard{
    bool trump;
    ...
} card;
typedef struct {
     ...
} widgetsPtrs;

card *Deck;//pointer to the deck.
/************************************HERE****************************/
char *RankNames[] = {"  6  ", "  7  ", "  8 ", ...};
char *SuitNames[] = {"Hearts", "Spades", "Diamonds", "Clubs"};

#endif

卡片方法.h

#include <stdbool.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include "objects.obj"

#ifndef CARDMETHODS_H_
#define CARDMETHODS_H_

void addCard(card *pile, card *cardAdded);
void printAll(card *pile);
...


#endif

卡片方法.c

#include "cardmethods.h"
#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void addCard(card *pile, card *cardAdded){
    ...
}
void printAll(card *pile){
    ...
}
...

主程序

#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "cardmethods.h"

 ...

int main (int    argc,
      char **argv)
{
  ...
  return 0;
}

标签： cincludec-preprocessor

解决方案

您已经在头文件中定义了变量RankNames和SuitNames。因此，它们在 main.c 和 cardmethods.c 中都有定义。然后当这些文件被链接时，链接器会找到多个定义。

更改头文件以具有这些变量（和Deck）的外部声明：

extern card *Deck;
extern char *RankNames[];
extern char *SuitNames[];

并将定义放在一个源文件中，可能是 cardmethods.c：

card *Deck;
char *RankNames[] = {"  6  ", "  7  ", "  8 ", ...};
char *SuitNames[] = {"Hearts", "Spades", "Diamonds", "Clubs"};

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