python - Google 日历 API 入门

Question

我正在尝试熟悉谷歌日历 api。在入门指南中，他们有以下代码示例：

from __future__ import print_function
import datetime
import pickle
import os.path
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from google.auth.transport.requests import Request

# If modifying these scopes, delete the file token.pickle.
SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/calendar.readonly']


def main():
    """Shows basic usage of the Google Calendar API.
    Prints the start and name of the next 10 events on the user's calendar.
    """
    creds = None
    # The file token.pickle stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
    # created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
    # time.
    if os.path.exists('token.pickle'):
        with open('token.pickle', 'rb') as token:
            creds = pickle.load(token)
    # If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.
    if not creds or not creds.valid:
        if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
            creds.refresh(Request())
        else:
            flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
                'credentials.json', SCOPES)
            creds = flow.run_local_server(port=0)
        # Save the credentials for the next run
        with open('token.pickle', 'wb') as token:
            pickle.dump(creds, token)

    service = build('calendar', 'v3', credentials=creds)

    # Call the Calendar API
    now = datetime.datetime.utcnow().isoformat() + 'Z' # 'Z' indicates UTC time
    print('Getting the upcoming 10 events')
    events_result = service.events().list(calendarId='primary', timeMin=now,
                                        maxResults=10, singleEvents=True,
                                        orderBy='startTime').execute()
    events = events_result.get('items', [])

    if not events:
        print('No upcoming events found.')
    for event in events:
        start = event['start'].get('dateTime', event['start'].get('date'))
        print(start, event['summary'])


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

在这个例子中，如果我们还没有通过 pickle 文件访问的权限，我们会自动打开一个窗口来要求用户访问他们的日历。问题是我不希望这个窗口自动打开，我想打印一个链接，而不是用户可以单击以进行身份​​验证。我在文档中四处查看，但似乎找不到任何有用的东西。我会感谢我能得到的任何帮助，谢谢！

标签： pythonoauth-2.0google-calendar-apigoogle-oauth

Answer 1

• 对于授权过程，您只想显示 URL。您不想自动打开浏览器。
• 您想使用 googleapis 和 python 来实现这一点。

如果我的理解是正确的，这个答案怎么样？请认为这只是几个可能的答案之一。

在这种情况下，请使用Flow.from_client_secrets_file代替InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file。

修改后的脚本：

当您的脚本被修改时，请进行如下修改。

从：

from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow

至：

from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import Flow

和

从：

if os.path.exists('token.pickle'):
    with open('token.pickle', 'rb') as token:
        creds = pickle.load(token)
# If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.
if not creds or not creds.valid:
    if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
        creds.refresh(Request())
    else:
        flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
            'credentials.json', SCOPES)
        creds = flow.run_local_server(port=0)
    # Save the credentials for the next run
    with open('token.pickle', 'wb') as token:
        pickle.dump(creds, token)

service = build('calendar', 'v3', credentials=creds)

至：

if os.path.exists('token.pickle'):
    with open('token.pickle', 'rb') as token:
        creds = pickle.load(token)
# If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.
if not creds or not creds.valid:
    if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
        creds.refresh(Request())
    else:
        # Create the flow using the client secrets file from the Google API
        # Console.
        flow = Flow.from_client_secrets_file('client_secret.json', SCOPES, redirect_uri='urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob')

        # Tell the user to go to the authorization URL.
        auth_url, _ = flow.authorization_url(prompt='consent')

        print('Please go to this URL: {}'.format(auth_url))

        # The user will get an authorization code. This code is used to get the
        # access token.
        code = input('Enter the authorization code: ')
        flow.fetch_token(code=code)
        creds = flow.credentials

    # Save the credentials for the next run
    with open('token.pickle', 'wb') as token:
        pickle.dump(creds, token)

service = build('calendar', 'v3', credentials=creds)

• 在这种情况下，当您在token.pickle不存在的情况下运行脚本时，授权的 URL 会显示到控制台。浏览器未打开。所以请打开浏览器访问URL并授权范围。然后，请将复制的授权码到控制台并输入回车键。通过这个，访问令牌被检索并token.pickle创建文件。

笔记：

• 如果出现与redirect uri相关的错误，请修改为http://localhost并再次测试。

参考：

• google_auth_oauthlib.flow 模块

如果我误解了您的问题并且这不是您想要的方向，我深表歉意。

添加：

• 在I want to print a link instead that the user can click to authenticate您的问题中，我提出了上面的示例脚本。
• 从some way not to manually confirm authorization codes您的回复来看，我认为上面的示例脚本不合适。

在这种情况下，如何使用服务帐户？使用服务帐号时，无需授权码。使用服务帐户的脚本如下。

示例脚本：

from google.oauth2 import service_account
from googleapiclient.discovery import build

SERVICE_ACCOUNT_FILE = 'service-account-credentials.json'  # Here, please set the creadential file of the service account.
SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/calendar.readonly']
creds = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(SERVICE_ACCOUNT_FILE, scopes=SCOPES)

service = build('calendar', 'v3', credentials=creds)

笔记：

• 为了使用服务账户访问谷歌日历，首先请与服务账户的邮箱共享谷歌日历。请注意这一点。

参考：

• 创建服务帐号