sql - 从 SQL Server 表的查询中提取外键约束和引用列

Question

我使用以下查询列出所有表约束，这在提取更改输出表所需的约束（添加主键、唯一约束）时效果很好。

select table_view,
    object_type, 
    constraint_type,
    constraint_name,
    details
from (
    select schema_name(t.schema_id) + '.' + t.[name] as table_view, 
        case when t.[type] = 'U' then 'Table'
            when t.[type] = 'V' then 'View'
            end as [object_type],
        case when c.[type] = 'PK' then 'Primary key'
            when c.[type] = 'UQ' then 'Unique constraint'
            when i.[type] = 1 then 'Unique clustered index'
            when i.type = 2 then 'Unique index'
            end as constraint_type, 
        isnull(c.[name], i.[name]) as constraint_name,
        substring(column_names, 1, len(column_names)-1) as [details]
    from sys.objects t
        left outer join sys.indexes i
            on t.object_id = i.object_id
        left outer join sys.key_constraints c
            on i.object_id = c.parent_object_id 
            and i.index_id = c.unique_index_id
       cross apply (select col.[name] + ', '
                        from sys.index_columns ic
                            inner join sys.columns col
                                on ic.object_id = col.object_id
                                and ic.column_id = col.column_id
                        where ic.object_id = t.object_id
                            and ic.index_id = i.index_id
                                order by col.column_id
                                for xml path ('') ) D (column_names)
    where is_unique = 1
    and t.is_ms_shipped <> 1
    union all 
    select schema_name(fk_tab.schema_id) + '.' + fk_tab.name as foreign_table,
        'Table',
        'Foreign key',
        fk.name as fk_constraint_name,
        schema_name(pk_tab.schema_id) + '.' + pk_tab.name
    from sys.foreign_keys fk
        inner join sys.tables fk_tab
            on fk_tab.object_id = fk.parent_object_id
        inner join sys.tables pk_tab
            on pk_tab.object_id = fk.referenced_object_id
        inner join sys.foreign_key_columns fk_cols
            on fk_cols.constraint_object_id = fk.object_id
    union all
    select schema_name(t.schema_id) + '.' + t.[name],
        'Table',
        'Check constraint',
        con.[name] as constraint_name,
        con.[definition]
    from sys.check_constraints con
        left outer join sys.objects t
            on con.parent_object_id = t.object_id
        left outer join sys.all_columns col
            on con.parent_column_id = col.column_id
            and con.parent_object_id = col.object_id
    union all
    select schema_name(t.schema_id) + '.' + t.[name],
        'Table',
        'Default constraint',
        con.[name],
        col.[name] + ' = ' + con.[definition]
    from sys.default_constraints con
        left outer join sys.objects t
            on con.parent_object_id = t.object_id
        left outer join sys.all_columns col
            on con.parent_column_id = col.column_id
            and con.parent_object_id = col.object_id) a
order by table_view, constraint_type, constraint_name

https://dataedo.com/kb/query/sql-server/list-all-table-constraints

但是，在外键作为外键约束（列）并且需要其引用列的情况下，它不起作用。

ALTER TABLE row16.table_view
ADD CONSTRAINT row16.contraint_name
FOREIGN KEY (**row16....**) REFERENCES row16.details(**row16....**);

 || actual value

ALTER TABLE DBO.AREA
ADD CONSTRAINT FK_AREA_DOM_AIRLINE
FOREIGN KEY (**should be 'airline_cd'**) REFERENCES DBO.DOM_AIRLINE(**should be 'cd'**);

我想使用以下语句添加外部约束，但我不知道如何在这里定义外键约束及其引用列..

我觉得可能需要对表约束查询进行一些更改，但我最近才开始学习 SQL，所以我还不熟悉整个概念......

这是表关系供参考

如果您需要更多信息，请告诉我。感谢您的所有帮助！

标签： sqlsql-serverforeign-keysconstraints