json - 为 Spark 编写 JSON 模式的教程
问题描述
我在表列中有一个 JSON 字段作为字符串,我需要使用 Spark 解析和分解。
编辑:让我的问题更容易理解:我的数据在 JSON 数组中。如何为此类数据编写架构?以下是此类 JSON 的示例:
[{"CategoryName":"cat5","CategoryTitle":"cat_title","CategoryLevels":"3"}]
这就是 JSON 的样子,包裹在 [] 中:
[{"ProductName":"MS Quattro plan US QA","CartProductPromotion":null,"ProductConfigPromotions":null,"ProductKey":"PDUKVWL8XSBJUX","IsConfigurable":false,"IsConfigured":false,"ProductProvisionType": 0,"VendorKey":null,"ProductConfigSettingTemplateKey":null,"ProductConfigKey":"PLK1O3JDCGVJFM","ParentConfigKey":null,"VendorConfigKey":null,"Quantity":1,"PromoCodes":null,"Price": 140.0,"CustomerKey":null,"CustomerDomainPrefix":null,"CustomerContactId":"6550d015-5ac1-464a-95b8-42ae4cfea05e","ParentOrderLineId":null,"ParentVendorSubscriptionId":null,"BillingFrequency":1,"BillingType ":1,"DueToday":140.0,"originalPrice":null,"RemainingVendorSettingsName":null,"Trial":null,"Services":[{"ServiceKey":"SV4RSKT6C0TAVU","VendorServiceKey":"a044b16a-1861-4308-8086- a3a3b506fac2","VendorSubscriptionKey":null,"Name":"Office 365 Enterprise E5","VendorProvisionResponse":null,"ProvisionStatus":1,"SubscriptionStatus":0,"BillingFrequency":1,"CreatedOnUtc":null, "UpdatedOnUtc":null,"Quantity":1.0,"Price":120.0,"RateCardId":1011294,"RateCardVersion":null,"Margin":100.0,"DefaultQuantity":null,"Cost":60.0,"ProvisionDate ":null,"ParentServiceKey":null,"ServiceConfiguration":{"QuestionText":null,"QuestionNumber":null,"IsQuestionRequired":null,"OptionText":null,"OptionNumber":null,"MaxAllowedServices":null,"NextAction":null,"NextActionQuestion":null}, "IsDummy":null,"VendorKey":null,"EULADateTime":null},{"ServiceKey":"SVZEOGY5DEUV29","VendorServiceKey":"Quattro 支持服务","VendorSubscriptionKey":null,"Name":"Quattro支持服务","VendorProvisionResponse":null,"ProvisionStatus":1,"SubscriptionStatus":0,"BillingFrequency":1,"CreatedOnUtc":null,"UpdatedOnUtc":null,"Quantity":1.0,"Price": 20.0,"RateCardId":1011294,"RateCardVersion":null,"Margin":100.0,"DefaultQuantity":null,"Cost":10.0,"ProvisionDate":null,"ParentServiceKey":null,"ServiceConfiguration":{"QuestionText":null,"QuestionNumber":null,"IsQuestionRequired" :null,"OptionText":null,"OptionNumber":null,"MaxAllowedServices":null,"NextAction":null,"NextActionQuestion":null},"IsDummy":null,"VendorKey":null,"EULADateTime": null}],"ProfileId":521,"FloorPlanId":null,"Currency":"USD","ProductSettings":null,"CustomerSettings":null,"ResellerSettings":null},{"ProductName":"Office 365 企业 E1","CartProductPromotion":null,"ProductConfigPromotions":null,"ProductKey":"PDUKVWL8XSBJUX","IsConfigurable":false,"IsConfigured":false,"ProductProvisionType":0,"VendorKey":null,"ProductConfigSettingTemplateKey":null,"ProductConfigKey":"PL40SXO0YBS8LW","ParentConfigKey": null,"VendorConfigKey":null,"Quantity":1,"PromoCodes":null,"Price":84.0,"CustomerKey":null,"CustomerDomainPrefix":null,"CustomerContactId":"6550d015-5ac1-464a-95b8 -42ae4cfea05e","ParentOrderLineId":null,"ParentVendorSubscriptionId":null,"BillingFrequency":1,"BillingType":1,"DueToday":84.0,"originalPrice":null,"RemainingVendorSettingsName":null,"Trial":空,“服务”:[{“ServiceKey":"SV097S8NKP3PLO","VendorServiceKey":"Quattro Support Service","VendorSubscriptionKey":null,"Name":"Quattro Support Service","VendorProvisionResponse":null,"ProvisionStatus":1,"SubscriptionStatus":0 ,"BillingFrequency":1,"CreatedOnUtc":null,"UpdatedOnUtc":null,"Quantity":1.0,"Price":44.0,"RateCardId":1011294,"RateCardVersion":null,"Margin":100.0," DefaultQuantity":null,"Cost":22.0,"ProvisionDate":null,"ParentServiceKey":null,"ServiceConfiguration":{"QuestionText":null,"QuestionNumber":null,"IsQuestionRequired":null,"OptionText": null,"选项编号":null,"MaxAllowedServices":null,"NextAction":null,"NextActionQuestion":null},"IsDummy":null,"VendorKey":null,"EULADateTime":null},{"ServiceKey":"SVJZL3RZL4LLZ7","VendorServiceKey": "91fd106f-4b2c-4938-95ac-f54f74e9a239","VendorSubscriptionKey":null,"Name":"Office 365 Enterprise E1","VendorProvisionResponse":null,"ProvisionStatus":1,"SubscriptionStatus":0,"BillingFrequency" :1,"CreatedOnUtc":null,"UpdatedOnUtc":null,"Quantity":1.0,"Price":40.0,"RateCardId":1011294,"RateCardVersion":null,"Margin":100.0,"DefaultQuantity":null ,"成本":20.0,"ProvisionDate":null,"ParentServiceKey":null,"ServiceConfiguration":{"QuestionText":null,"QuestionNumber":null,"IsQuestionRequired":null,"OptionText":null,"OptionNumber":null,"MaxAllowedServices":null,"NextAction":null,"NextActionQuestion" :null},"IsDummy":null,"VendorKey":null,"EULADateTime":null}],"ProfileId":521,"FloorPlanId":null,"Currency":"USD","ProductSettings":null, "CustomerSettings":null,"ResellerSettings":null}]"IsDummy":null,"VendorKey":null,"EULADateTime":null}],"ProfileId":521,"FloorPlanId":null,"Currency":"USD","ProductSettings":null,"CustomerSettings": null,"ResellerSettings":null}]"IsDummy":null,"VendorKey":null,"EULADateTime":null}],"ProfileId":521,"FloorPlanId":null,"Currency":"USD","ProductSettings":null,"CustomerSettings": null,"ResellerSettings":null}]
我手动编写了这个架构:
StructType([
StructField("ProductName", StringType()),
StructField("CartProductPromotion", StringType()),
StructField("ProductConfigPromotions", StringType()),
StructField("ProductKey", StringType()),
StructField("IsConfigurable", StringType()),
StructField("IsConfigured", StringType()),
StructField("ProductProvisionType", StringType()),
StructField("VendorKey", StringType()),
StructField("ProductConfigSettingTemplateKey", StringType()),
StructField("ProductConfigKey", StringType()),
StructField("ParentConfigKey", StringType()),
StructField("VendorConfigKey", StringType()),
StructField("Quantity", StringType()),
StructField("PromoCodes", StringType()),
StructField("Price", StringType()),
StructField("CustomerKey", StringType()),
StructField("CustomerDomainPrefix", StringType()),
StructField("CustomerContactId", StringType()),
StructField("ParentOrderLineId", StringType()),
StructField("ParentVendorSubscriptionId", StringType()),
StructField("BillingFrequency", StringType()),
StructField("BillingType", StringType()),
StructField("DueToday", StringType()),
StructField("originalPrice", StringType()),
StructField("RemainingVendorSettingsName", StringType()),
StructField("Trial", StringType()),
StructField("Services", ArrayType(StructType([
StructField("ServiceKey", StringType()),
StructField("VendorServiceKey", StringType()),
StructField("VendorSubscriptionKey", StringType()),
StructField("Name", StringType()),
StructField("VendorProvisionResponse", StringType()),
StructField("ProvisionStatus", StringType()),
StructField("SubscriptionStatus", StringType()),
StructField("BillingFrequency", StringType()),
StructField("CreatedOnUtc", StringType()),
StructField("UpdatedOnUtc", StringType()),
StructField("Quantity", StringType()),
StructField("Price", StringType()),
StructField("RateCardId", StringType()),
StructField("RateCardVersion", StringType()),
StructField("Margin", StringType()),
StructField("DefaultQuantity", StringType()),
StructField("Cost", StringType()),
StructField("ProvisionDate", StringType()),
StructField("ParentServiceKey", StringType()),
StructField("ServiceConfiguration", StructType([
StructField("QuestionText", StringType()),
StructField("QuestionNumber", StringType()),
StructField("IsQuestionRequired", StringType()),
StructField("OptionText", StringType()),
StructField("OptionNumber", StringType()),
StructField("MaxAllowedServices", StringType()),
StructField("NextAction", StringType()),
StructField("NextActionQuestion", StringType())
])),
StructField("IsDummy", StringType()),
StructField("VendorKey", StringType()),
StructField("EULADateTime", StringType())
]))),
StructField("ProfileId", StringType()),
StructField("FloorPlanId", StringType()),
StructField("Currency", StringType()),
StructField("ProductSettings", StringType()),
StructField("CustomerSettings", StringType()),
StructField("ResellerSettings", StringType()) ])
它不会将我的字段解析为数组,我在新字段中得到 Null(底部的代码)。
+---+--------------------+--------------+
|key| value|value_w_schema|
+---+--------------------+--------------+
| 10|[{"ProductName":"...| null|
+---+--------------------+--------------+
但是,如果我从字符串字段中删除 [] 并保留 1 个 json,包裹在 {} 中,那么架构可以工作。我应该将写入的模式包装到另一个结构或数组中吗?有人可以指出我编写这些模式的好教程吗?
可重现的代码:
cart_CartProducts_schema = StructType([
StructField("ProductName", StringType()),
StructField("CartProductPromotion", StringType()),
StructField("ProductConfigPromotions", StringType()),
StructField("ProductKey", StringType()),
StructField("IsConfigurable", StringType()),
StructField("IsConfigured", StringType()),
StructField("ProductProvisionType", StringType()),
StructField("VendorKey", StringType()),
StructField("ProductConfigSettingTemplateKey", StringType()),
StructField("ProductConfigKey", StringType()),
StructField("ParentConfigKey", StringType()),
StructField("VendorConfigKey", StringType()),
StructField("Quantity", StringType()),
StructField("PromoCodes", StringType()),
StructField("Price", StringType()),
StructField("CustomerKey", StringType()),
StructField("CustomerDomainPrefix", StringType()),
StructField("CustomerContactId", StringType()),
StructField("ParentOrderLineId", StringType()),
StructField("ParentVendorSubscriptionId", StringType()),
StructField("BillingFrequency", StringType()),
StructField("BillingType", StringType()),
StructField("DueToday", StringType()),
StructField("originalPrice", StringType()),
StructField("RemainingVendorSettingsName", StringType()),
StructField("Trial", StringType()),
StructField("Services", ArrayType(StructType([
StructField("ServiceKey", StringType()),
StructField("VendorServiceKey", StringType()),
StructField("VendorSubscriptionKey", StringType()),
StructField("Name", StringType()),
StructField("VendorProvisionResponse", StringType()),
StructField("ProvisionStatus", StringType()),
StructField("SubscriptionStatus", StringType()),
StructField("BillingFrequency", StringType()),
StructField("CreatedOnUtc", StringType()),
StructField("UpdatedOnUtc", StringType()),
StructField("Quantity", StringType()),
StructField("Price", StringType()),
StructField("RateCardId", StringType()),
StructField("RateCardVersion", StringType()),
StructField("Margin", StringType()),
StructField("DefaultQuantity", StringType()),
StructField("Cost", StringType()),
StructField("ProvisionDate", StringType()),
StructField("ParentServiceKey", StringType()),
StructField("ServiceConfiguration", StructType([
StructField("QuestionText", StringType()),
StructField("QuestionNumber", StringType()),
StructField("IsQuestionRequired", StringType()),
StructField("OptionText", StringType()),
StructField("OptionNumber", StringType()),
StructField("MaxAllowedServices", StringType()),
StructField("NextAction", StringType()),
StructField("NextActionQuestion", StringType())
])),
StructField("IsDummy", StringType()),
StructField("VendorKey", StringType()),
StructField("EULADateTime", StringType())
]))),
StructField("ProfileId", StringType()),
StructField("FloorPlanId", StringType()),
StructField("Currency", StringType()),
StructField("ProductSettings", StringType()),
StructField("CustomerSettings", StringType()),
StructField("ResellerSettings", StringType())
])
data = [(10,'''[{"ProductName":"MS Quattro plan US QA","CartProductPromotion":null,"ProductConfigPromotions":null,"ProductKey":"PDUKVWL8XSBJUX","IsConfigurable":false,"IsConfigured":false,"ProductProvisionType":0,"VendorKey":null,"ProductConfigSettingTemplateKey":null,"ProductConfigKey":"PLK1O3JDCGVJFM","ParentConfigKey":null,"VendorConfigKey":null,"Quantity":1,"PromoCodes":null,"Price":140.0,"CustomerKey":null,"CustomerDomainPrefix":null,"CustomerContactId":"6550d015-5ac1-464a-95b8-42ae4cfea05e","ParentOrderLineId":null,"ParentVendorSubscriptionId":null,"BillingFrequency":1,"BillingType":1,"DueToday":140.0,"originalPrice":null,"RemainingVendorSettingsName":null,"Trial":null,"Services":[{"ServiceKey":"SV4RSKT6C0TAVU","VendorServiceKey":"a044b16a-1861-4308-8086-a3a3b506fac2","VendorSubscriptionKey":null,"Name":"Office 365 Enterprise E5","VendorProvisionResponse":null,"ProvisionStatus":1,"SubscriptionStatus":0,"BillingFrequency":1,"CreatedOnUtc":null,"UpdatedOnUtc":null,"Quantity":1.0,"Price":120.0,"RateCardId":1011294,"RateCardVersion":null,"Margin":100.0,"DefaultQuantity":null,"Cost":60.0,"ProvisionDate":null,"ParentServiceKey":null,"ServiceConfiguration":{"QuestionText":"Hello1","QuestionNumber":null,"IsQuestionRequired":null,"OptionText":null,"OptionNumber":null,"MaxAllowedServices":null,"NextAction":null,"NextActionQuestion":null},"IsDummy":null,"VendorKey":null,"EULADateTime":null},{"ServiceKey":"SVZEOGY5DEUV29","VendorServiceKey":"Quattro Support Service","VendorSubscriptionKey":null,"Name":"Quattro Support Service","VendorProvisionResponse":null,"ProvisionStatus":1,"SubscriptionStatus":0,"BillingFrequency":1,"CreatedOnUtc":null,"UpdatedOnUtc":null,"Quantity":1.0,"Price":20.0,"RateCardId":1011294,"RateCardVersion":null,"Margin":100.0,"DefaultQuantity":null,"Cost":10.0,"ProvisionDate":null,"ParentServiceKey":null,"ServiceConfiguration":{"QuestionText":"Hello2","QuestionNumber":null,"IsQuestionRequired":null,"OptionText":null,"OptionNumber":null,"MaxAllowedServices":null,"NextAction":null,"NextActionQuestion":null},"IsDummy":null,"VendorKey":null,"EULADateTime":null}],"ProfileId":521,"FloorPlanId":null,"Currency":"USD","ProductSettings":null,"CustomerSettings":null,"ResellerSettings":null},{"ProductName":"Office 365 Enterprise E1","CartProductPromotion":null,"ProductConfigPromotions":null,"ProductKey":"PDUKVWL8XSBJUX","IsConfigurable":false,"IsConfigured":false,"ProductProvisionType":0,"VendorKey":null,"ProductConfigSettingTemplateKey":null,"ProductConfigKey":"PL40SXO0YBS8LW","ParentConfigKey":null,"VendorConfigKey":null,"Quantity":1,"PromoCodes":null,"Price":84.0,"CustomerKey":null,"CustomerDomainPrefix":null,"CustomerContactId":"6550d015-5ac1-464a-95b8-42ae4cfea05e","ParentOrderLineId":null,"ParentVendorSubscriptionId":null,"BillingFrequency":1,"BillingType":1,"DueToday":84.0,"originalPrice":null,"RemainingVendorSettingsName":null,"Trial":null,"Services":[{"ServiceKey":"SV097S8NKP3PLO","VendorServiceKey":"Quattro Support Service","VendorSubscriptionKey":null,"Name":"Quattro Support Service","VendorProvisionResponse":null,"ProvisionStatus":1,"SubscriptionStatus":0,"BillingFrequency":1,"CreatedOnUtc":null,"UpdatedOnUtc":null,"Quantity":1.0,"Price":44.0,"RateCardId":1011294,"RateCardVersion":null,"Margin":100.0,"DefaultQuantity":null,"Cost":22.0,"ProvisionDate":null,"ParentServiceKey":null,"ServiceConfiguration":{"QuestionText":"Hello3","QuestionNumber":null,"IsQuestionRequired":null,"OptionText":null,"OptionNumber":null,"MaxAllowedServices":null,"NextAction":null,"NextActionQuestion":null},"IsDummy":null,"VendorKey":null,"EULADateTime":null},{"ServiceKey":"SVJZL3RZL4LLZ7","VendorServiceKey":"91fd106f-4b2c-4938-95ac-f54f74e9a239","VendorSubscriptionKey":null,"Name":"Office 365 Enterprise E1","VendorProvisionResponse":null,"ProvisionStatus":1,"SubscriptionStatus":0,"BillingFrequency":1,"CreatedOnUtc":null,"UpdatedOnUtc":null,"Quantity":1.0,"Price":40.0,"RateCardId":1011294,"RateCardVersion":null,"Margin":100.0,"DefaultQuantity":null,"Cost":20.0,"ProvisionDate":null,"ParentServiceKey":null,"ServiceConfiguration":{"QuestionText":null,"QuestionNumber":null,"IsQuestionRequired":null,"OptionText":null,"OptionNumber":null,"MaxAllowedServices":null,"NextAction":null,"NextActionQuestion":null},"IsDummy":null,"VendorKey":null,"EULADateTime":null}],"ProfileId":521,"FloorPlanId":null,"Currency":"USD","ProductSettings":null,"CustomerSettings":null,"ResellerSettings":null}]''')]
df1 = spark.createDataFrame(data, ("key", "value"))
df1.show(truncate=True)
#Apply the schema to the JSON string
df2 = df1.withColumn("value_w_schema", psf.from_json(df1.value, cart_CartProducts_schema))
#df2.printSchema()
df2.show()
解决方案
我可以使用这里给出的答案来解决它:(第二个): https ://stackoverflow.com/a/58037383/4253760
我的问题最好表述为:如何为 JSON 数组编写模式?
问题 JSON,而不是 JSON 数组:(现在我想我将能够为我的复杂 JSON 编写模式。
[{"CategoryName":"cat5","CategoryTitle":"cat_title","CategoryLevels":"5"}]
解决方案:
trial_sch = ArrayType(StructType([
StructField("CategoryName", StringType()),
StructField("CategoryTitle", StringType()),
StructField("CategoryLevels", StringType())
])
)
data = [(10,'''[{"CategoryName":"cat5","CategoryTitle":"cat_title","CategoryLevels":"5"}]''')]
df1 = spark.createDataFrame(data, ("key", "value"))
df1.show(truncate=True)
#Apply the schema to the JSON string
df2 = df1.withColumn("value_w_schema", psf.from_json(df1.value, trial_sch)) #Change schema here
#df2.printSchema()
df2.select("value_w_schema").show(truncate=False)
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