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machine-learning - 无法为多标签分类器进行堆叠

问题描述

我正在研究一个多标签文本分类问题（目标标签总数 90）。数据分布具有长尾和类别不平衡以及大约 10 万条记录。我正在使用 OAA 策略（一对一）。我正在尝试使用 Stacking 创建一个合奏。

文本特征：（HashingVectorizer特征数 2**20，字符分析器）
TSVD 降低维度（n_components=200）。

text_pipeline = Pipeline([
    ('hashing_vectorizer', HashingVectorizer(n_features=2**20,
                                             analyzer='char')),
    ('svd', TruncatedSVD(algorithm='randomized',
                         n_components=200, random_state=19204))])

feat_pipeline = FeatureUnion([('text', text_pipeline)])

estimators_list = [('ExtraTrees',
                    OneVsRestClassifier(ExtraTreesClassifier(n_estimators=30,
                                                             class_weight="balanced",
                                                             random_state=4621))),
                   ('linearSVC',
                    OneVsRestClassifier(LinearSVC(class_weight='balanced')))]
estimators_ensemble = StackingClassifier(estimators=estimators_list,
                                         final_estimator=OneVsRestClassifier(
                                             LogisticRegression(solver='lbfgs',
                                                                max_iter=300)))

classifier_pipeline = Pipeline([
    ('features', feat_pipeline),
    ('clf', estimators_ensemble)])

错误

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-41-ad4e769a0a78> in <module>()
      1 start = time.time()
----> 2 classifier_pipeline.fit(X_train.values, y_train_encoded)
      3 print(f"Execution time {time.time()-start}")
      4 

3 frames
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py in column_or_1d(y, warn)
    795         return np.ravel(y)
    796 
--> 797     raise ValueError("bad input shape {0}".format(shape))
    798 
    799 

ValueError: bad input shape (89792, 83)

标签： machine-learningscikit-learnnlpmultilabel-classificationensemble-learning

解决方案

StackingClassifier目前不支持多标签分类。您可以通过查看fit参数的形状值来了解这些功能，例如此处。

解决方案是将 OneVsRestClassifier 包装器放在StackingClassifier各个模型之上。

例子：

from sklearn.datasets import make_multilabel_classification
from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.ensemble import ExtraTreesClassifier
from sklearn.svm import LinearSVC
from sklearn.ensemble import StackingClassifier
from sklearn.multiclass import OneVsRestClassifier

X, y = make_multilabel_classification(n_classes=3, random_state=42)
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, 
                                                    test_size=0.33,
                                                    random_state=42)

estimators_list = [('ExtraTrees', ExtraTreesClassifier(n_estimators=30, 
                                                       class_weight="balanced", 
                                                       random_state=4621)),
                   ('linearSVC', LinearSVC(class_weight='balanced'))]

estimators_ensemble = StackingClassifier(estimators=estimators_list,
                                         final_estimator = LogisticRegression(solver='lbfgs', max_iter=300))

ovr_model = OneVsRestClassifier(estimators_ensemble)

ovr_model.fit(X_train, y_train)
ovr_model.score(X_test, y_test)

# 0.45454545454545453

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