json - 使用 Azure Devops 部署 Azure 策略 ARM 模板失败
问题描述
我们为“允许的位置”构建了一项 Azure 策略。创建了所需的 template.json 和 parameter.json，如下所示： Template.json
在将 json 文件上传到 Azure 存储库后尝试使用 Azure 管道运行时，出现以下错误
[错误]请求内容无效，无法反序列化：在 JSON 中找不到“必需属性”资源。路径“properties.template”，第 1 行，位置 222。
尽管在 template.json 中提到了资源，但它失败并出现此错误。任何人都可以提供任何见解。
{
"$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2015-01-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
"contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
"parameters": {
"listOfAllowedLocations": {
"type": "array"
}
},
"variables": {},
"resources": [
{
"type": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
"name": "policylocation",
"apiVersion": "2018-03-01",
"properties": {
"policyType": "Custom",
"displayName": "policylocation",
"description": "",
"mode": "all",
"parameters": {
"listOfAllowedLocations": {
"type": "array",
"metadata": {
"description": "The list of locations that can be specified when deploying resources.",
"displayName": "Allowed locations"
}
}
},
"policyRule": {
"if": {
"allOf": [
{
"field": "location",
"notIn": "EastUS"
},
{
"field": "location",
"notEquals": "global"
},
{
"field": "type",
"notEquals": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines"
}
]
},
"then": {
"effect": "deny"
}
}
}
}
]
}
参数.json
{
"$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2015-01-
01/deploymentParameters.json#",
"contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
"parameters": {
"listOfAllowedLocations": {
"type":"array",
"value": "EastUS"
}
}
}
解决方案
当我尝试使用给定的模板和参数文件部署您的策略时，我收到以下错误。
{
"error": {
"code": "InvalidDeploymentParameterType",
"message": "The type of deployment parameter 'listOfAllowedLocations' should not be specified. Please see https://aka.ms/resource-manager-parameter-files for details."
}
}
这意味着您有一个未使用的参数 (listOfAllowedLocations)。虽然对于大多数语言模式来说，有一个未使用的参数可能是可以的，但对于策略来说却不是。首先删除此参数或将此参数添加到您的策略以便使用它。
接下来，根据您收到的误导性错误消息，我很好奇您的部署方法。可以通过多种不同方式部署策略。门户、Powershell、REST API，仅举几例。我更喜欢 REST API 方法，因为它在定义和使用方面提供了相当多的灵活性和简单性。如果您选择了 REST API，那么实际上您可以选择两种不同的方法（作为 Azure 部署或作为策略定义），它们分别是以下端点。
PUT https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/providers/Microsoft.Resources/deployments/{deploymentName}?api-version=2019-10-01
文档 - https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/resources/deployments/createorupdate
PUT https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions/{policyDefinitionName}?api-version=2019-09-01
文档 - https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/resources/policydefinitions/createorupdate
我的首选是部署路线，因为它使用 azure 部署机制来部署策略，该策略提供了一致且用户友好的故障排除、重试和检查方法。它还允许您将策略部署为模板文件和参数文件，在部署中嵌套部署（这在更复杂的用例中可能很有用），并在部署范围和策略范围内指定参数。但是，部署也有一些限制，例如每个订阅和资源组配额（当前为 800）。一些定期的房屋清洁将对此有所帮助。
使用 Azure 部署 REST API 方法，我鼓励您尝试以下方法之一，具体取决于您的意图。
选项 1a：您希望将“listOfAllowedLocations”保留为参数并在您的策略中使用它。您还希望在 DEPLOYMENT 范围内应用该参数，以便生成的已部署策略具有静态定义的允许位置列表。
PUT https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourcegroups/{resourceGroupName}/providers/Microsoft.Resources/deployments/{deploymentName}?api-version=2019-10-01
身体：
{
"location": "eastus",
"properties": {
"mode": "Incremental",
"parameters": {
"listOfAllowedLocations": {
"value": ["eastus"]
}
},
"template": {
"$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2015-01-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
"contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
"parameters": {
"listOfAllowedLocations": {
"type": "array"
}
},
"variables": {},
"resources": [
{
"type": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
"name": "policylocation",
"apiVersion": "2018-03-01",
"properties": {
"policyType": "Custom",
"displayName": "policylocation",
"description": "",
"mode": "all",
"parameters": {},
"policyRule": {
"if": {
"allOf": [
{
"field": "location",
"notIn": "[parameters('listOfAllowedLocations')]"
},
{
"field": "location",
"notEquals": "global"
},
{
"field": "type",
"notEquals": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines"
}
]
},
"then": {
"effect": "deny"
}
}
}
}
]
}
}
}
选项 1b：您希望将“listOfAllowedLocations”保留为参数并在您的策略中使用它。您还希望在 POLICY DEFINITION 范围内应用该参数，以便可以在分配时操作生成的已部署允许位置列表。请注意策略资源定义 ('[[') 中参数范围和参数转义的细微差别。
PUT https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourcegroups/{resourceGroupName}/providers/Microsoft.Resources/deployments/{deploymentName}?api-version=2019-10-01
身体：
{
"location": "eastus",
"properties": {
"mode": "Incremental",
"parameters": {},
"template": {
"$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2015-01-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
"contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
"parameters": {},
"variables": {},
"resources": [
{
"type": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
"name": "policylocation",
"apiVersion": "2018-03-01",
"properties": {
"policyType": "Custom",
"displayName": "policylocation",
"description": "",
"mode": "all",
"parameters": {
"listOfAllowedLocations": {
"type": "array",
"defaultValue": ["eastus"]
}
},
"policyRule": {
"if": {
"allOf": [
{
"field": "location",
"notIn": "[[parameters('listOfAllowedLocations')]"
},
{
"field": "location",
"notEquals": "global"
},
{
"field": "type",
"notEquals": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines"
}
]
},
"then": {
"effect": "deny"
}
}
}
}
]
}
}
}
选项 2：允许位置的静态定义。这将基本上绕过通过部署或策略分配传递参数的过程。
{
"location": "eastus",
"properties": {
"mode": "Incremental",
"parameters": {},
"template": {
"$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2015-01-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
"contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
"parameters": {},
"variables": {},
"resources": [
{
"type": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions",
"name": "policylocation",
"apiVersion": "2018-03-01",
"properties": {
"policyType": "Custom",
"displayName": "policylocation",
"description": "",
"mode": "all",
"parameters": {},
"policyRule": {
"if": {
"allOf": [
{
"field": "location",
"notIn": ["eastus"]
},
{
"field": "location",
"notEquals": "global"
},
{
"field": "type",
"notEquals": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines"
}
]
},
"then": {
"effect": "deny"
}
}
}
}
]
}
}
}
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