spring-boot - Spring Boot JWT token 基于角色的授权问题
问题描述
所以，我想要实现的是使用 JWT 令牌的基于角色的授权。这是我正在扩展的教程：https://auth0.com/blog/implementing-jwt-authentication-on-spring-boot/
现在，我的问题从这里开始：if (user != null) {这是我需要从数据库中获取用户并加载其角色的地方。这不起作用，并引发空指针异常。我确定数据库中有用户，并且我确定 UserService 正在工作 - 我在不同的地方使用它并且工作正常。
期待您的回答！
public class JWTAuthorizationFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter {
public JWTAuthorizationFilter(AuthenticationManager authManager) {
super(authManager);
}
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
String header = req.getHeader(HEADER_STRING);
if (header == null || !header.startsWith(TOKEN_PREFIX)) {
chain.doFilter(req, res);
return;
}
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = getAuthentication(req);
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
chain.doFilter(req, res);
}
private UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken getAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request) {
String token = request.getHeader(HEADER_STRING);
if (token != null) {
// parse the token.
String user = JWT.require(Algorithm.HMAC512(SECRET.getBytes()))
.build()
.verify(token.replace(TOKEN_PREFIX, ""))
.getSubject(); //można też getClaims jeśli są w tokenie
if (user != null) {
UserService userService = new UserService();
ApplicationUser applicationUser = userService.getByUsername(user);
Set<Role> roles = applicationUser.getRoles();
List<GrantedAuthority> grantedAuths = new ArrayList<>();
roles.forEach((role) -> {
grantedAuths.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(role.getName()));
});
return new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user, null, grantedAuths);
}
return null;
}
return null;
}
}
这是 UserService 类：
import java.util.List;
@Service
@Component
public class UserService {
@Autowired
private ApplicationUserRepository applicationUserRepository;
public ApplicationUser getByUsername(String username) {
return applicationUserRepository.findByUsername(username);
}
}
这是存储库类：
public interface ApplicationUserRepository extends JpaRepository<ApplicationUser, Long> {
ApplicationUser findByUsername(String username);
}
这是错误：
2020-05-26 21:32:47.241 ERROR 1892 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/].[dispatcherServlet] : Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [] threw exception
java.lang.NullPointerException: null
at example.service.UserService.getByUsername(UserService.java:20) ~[classes/:na]
at example.Security.JWTAuthorizationFilter.getAuthentication(JWTAuthorizationFilter.java:74) ~[classes/:na]
at example.Security.JWTAuthorizationFilter.doFilterInternal(JWTAuthorizationFilter.java:49) ~[classes/:na]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) ~[spring-web-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.doFilter(AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.java:200) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:116) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.CorsFilter.doFilterInternal(CorsFilter.java:92) ~[spring-web-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) ~[spring-web-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doHeadersAfter(HeaderWriterFilter.java:92) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doFilterInternal(HeaderWriterFilter.java:77) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) ~[spring-web-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:105) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.doFilterInternal(WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.java:56) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) ~[spring-web-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:215) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:178) ~[spring-security-web-5.3.2.RELEASE.jar:5.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:358) ~[spring-web-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:271) ~[spring-web-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100) ~[spring-web-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) ~[spring-web-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93) ~[spring-web-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) ~[spring-web-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201) ~[spring-web-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) ~[spring-web-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:202) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:541) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:139) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:373) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:868) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1590) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628) ~[na:na]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.35.jar:9.0.35]
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:830) ~[na:na]
解决方案
您的 UserService 未正确注入，因此未正确初始化，从而产生空指针异常。以下是您可以做的几件事：
在您的 JWTAuthorization 过滤器中，注入用户服务：
public class JWTAuthorizationFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter {
private final IUserService UserService; // create IUserService as below
public JWTAuthorizationFilter(AuthenticationManager authManager, IUserService userService) {
super(authManager);
this.userService = userService;
}
(...)
}
删除用户服务 userService = new UserService(); 来自您的 getAuthentication 方法，因为您已经拥有通过构造函数注入的 userService 实例。
在您的 WebSecurity 类（或任何实现 WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter 的类）中，执行相同的操作，注入 IUserService：
private final IUserService userService;
public WebSecurity(IUserService userService)
{
this.userService = userService;
}
在同一个类 (WebSecurity) 中，您覆盖添加 JWTAuthorizationFilter 的配置方法。现在您必须传递 userService。
.addFilter(new JWTAuthorizationFilter(authenticationManager(), userService))
最后，创建一个接口 IUserService
public interface IUserService{
ApplicationUser getByUsername(String username);
}
更改您的 UserService 以实现 IUserService（删除 @Component，因为它实际上是一个 @Service）。
@Service
public class UserService implements IUserService{
// keep it as is
}
注意：您可以将您的接口命名为 UserService，并将具体实现命名为 UserServiceImpl，因为您将始终使用接口而不是具体实现，因此它读起来更好。
奖励：@Component 和 @Service 注释之间的区别https://www.baeldung.com/spring-component-repository-service
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