assembly - 我写了 x86-64 汇编。但它不能在 Windows 下工作，只能在 OnlineGDB (Linux) 上工作

Question

我用汇编语言写了一个 x86-64 代码。输出为 17。

    .text
.LC0:
    .string "%d\n"
printint:
    pushq   %rbp
    movq    %rsp, %rbp
    subq    $16, %rsp
    movl    %edi, -4(%rbp)
    movl    -4(%rbp), %eax
    movl    %eax, %esi
    leaq    .LC0(%rip), %rdi
    movl    $0, %eax
    call    printf@PLT
    nop
    leave
    ret

    .globl  main
    .type   main, @function
main:
    pushq   %rbp
    movq    %rsp, %rbp
    movq    $2, %r8
    movq    $3, %r9
    movq    $5, %r10
    imulq   %r9, %r10
    addq    %r8, %r10
    movq    $8, %r8
    movq    $3, %r9
    movq    %r8,%rax
    cqo
    idivq   %r9
    movq    %rax,%r8
    subq    %r10, %r8
    movq    %r10, %rdi
    call    printint
    movl    $0, %eax
    popq    %rbp
    ret

当我用 GCC 编译这个时，我得到了这个错误。

out.s: Assembler messages:
out.s:5: Error: bad register name `%rbp'
out.s:6: Error: bad register name `%rsp'
out.s:7: Error: bad register name `%rsp'
out.s:8: Error: bad register name `%rbp)'
out.s:9: Error: bad register name `%rbp)'
out.s:11: Error: bad register name `%rip)'
out.s:19: Warning: .type pseudo-op used outside of .def/.endef: ignored.
out.s:19: Error: junk at end of line, first unrecognized character is `m'
out.s:21: Error: bad register name `%rbp'
out.s:22: Error: bad register name `%rsp'
out.s:23: Error: bad register name `%r8'
out.s:24: Error: bad register name `%r9'
out.s:25: Error: bad register name `%r10'
out.s:26: Error: bad register name `%r9'
out.s:27: Error: bad register name `%r8'
out.s:28: Error: bad register name `%r8'
out.s:29: Error: bad register name `%r9'
out.s:30: Error: bad register name `%r8'
out.s:31: Error: `cqo' is only supported in 64-bit mode
out.s:32: Error: bad register name `%r9'
out.s:33: Error: bad register name `%rax'
out.s:34: Error: bad register name `%r10'
out.s:35: Error: bad register name `%r10'
out.s:38: Error: bad register name `%rbp'

同样，当我在 NASM 中执行此操作时，出现以下错误。

out.s:1: warning: label alone on a line without a colon might be in error [-w+orphan-labels]
out.s:3: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:5: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:6: error: expression syntax error
out.s:7: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:8: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:9: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:10: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:11: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:12: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:18: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:19: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:21: error: label `pushq' inconsistently redefined
out.s:5: note: label `pushq' originally defined here
out.s:21: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:22: error: expression syntax error
out.s:23: error: expression syntax error
out.s:24: error: expression syntax error
out.s:25: error: expression syntax error
out.s:26: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:27: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:28: error: expression syntax error
out.s:29: error: expression syntax error
out.s:30: error: expression syntax error
out.s:32: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:33: error: expression syntax error
out.s:34: error: label `subq' inconsistently redefined
out.s:7: note: label `subq' originally defined here
out.s:34: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:35: error: expression syntax error
out.s:37: error: label `movl' inconsistently redefined
out.s:8: note: label `movl' originally defined here
out.s:37: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:38: error: parser: instruction expected

但是当我去https://www.onlinegdb.com/online_gcc_assembler并编译它时，我得到了正确的答案（17）。

我还在学习汇编语言。我搜索了一个答案，但找不到答案。你能解释一下这个原因吗？

关于我的笔记本电脑的详细信息

AMD RYZEN 5 处理器（基于 x64）

64 位 Windows 10

标签： assemblygcccompilationx86-64nasm

Answer 1

out.s:31: Error: 'cqo' is only supported in 64-bit mode告诉你你试图在 32 位模式下汇编这个 64 位代码。也许您尝试在 Windows 下使用 mingw32，而不是 64 位 mingw？

此代码适用于 x86-64 GNU/Linux：请注意在 RDI、RSI 中传递参数的调用约定，并使用@plt. DLL 不使用 PLT，这是 GNU/Linux 的东西（传统的动态链接，不是gcc -fno-plt早期而不是惰性绑定的新样式）。这就是它在使用 x86-64 GNU/Linux 的 OnlineGDB 中工作的原因。

它不能在 64 位 Windows 下工作，WSL 除外。甚至 Cygwin 64 也是一个源兼容性层，而不是二进制/ABI/调用约定。

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此外，它是用带有 GAS 指令的 AT&T 语法编写的。NASM 使用带有不同指令的 Intel 语法；难怪当你尝试用nasm -fwin64.