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python - Azure BLOB PUT Rest api - 无法使用 Python 进行身份验证

问题描述

我正在尝试使用 Python 和 Azure Blob Rest API 在 Azure 容器中创建 Blob。这是一个有趣的练习，因为这是我第一次与 Azure Rest API 交互。我已经阅读了有关它的 MS 文档，并且还阅读了该站点中的许多问题，根据它们，我的代码似乎是正确的，但是我还不能成功 PUT。我能够执行 GET 请求（列出容器/blob）。

按照代码：

import requests
import datetime
import hmac
import hashlib
import base64

storage_account_name = '<mystorageaccount>'
storage_account_key = '<mystoragekey>'
container_name='test'
api_version = '2015-02-21'
request_time = datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT')

string_params = {
    'verb': 'PUT',
    'Content-Encoding': '',
    'Content-Language': '',
    'Content-Length': '11',
    'Content-MD5': '',
    'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
    'Date': '',
    'If-Modified-Since': '',
    'If-Match': '',
    'If-None-Match': '',
    'If-Unmodified-Since': '',
    'Range': '',
    'CanonicalizedHeaders': 'x-ms-blob-type:BlockBlob' + '\nx-ms-date:' + request_time + '\nx-ms-version:' + api_version,
    'CanonicalizedResource': '/' + storage_account_name +'/'+container_name+ '/' +'fname'
}

string_to_sign = (string_params['verb'] + '\n' 
                  + string_params['Content-Encoding'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['Content-Language'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['Content-Length'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['Content-MD5'] + '\n' 
                  + string_params['Content-Type'] + '\n' 
                  + string_params['Date'] + '\n' 
                  + string_params['If-Modified-Since'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['If-Match'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['If-None-Match'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['If-Unmodified-Since'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['Range'] + '\n'
                  + string_params['CanonicalizedHeaders']
                  + string_params['CanonicalizedResource'])

signed_string = base64.b64encode(hmac.new(base64.b64decode(storage_account_key), msg=string_to_sign.encode('utf-8'), digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()).decode()

headers = {
    'x-ms-version' : api_version,
    'x-ms-date' : request_time,
    'x-ms-blob-type': 'BlockBlob',
    'Content-Length': '11',
    'Content-Type': "text/plain; charset=UTF-8",
    'Authorization' : ('SharedKey ' + storage_account_name + ':' + signed_string)
}

url = ('https://' + storage_account_name + '.blob.core.windows.net/'+container_name+'/fname')

r = requests.put(url, headers = headers,data='hello world')
print(r.status_code)
print('\n\n'+r.text)

这就是我得到的返回错误消息，不管怎样：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><Error><Code>AuthenticationFailed</Code><Message>Server failed to authenticate the request. Make sure the value of Authorization header is formed correctly including the signature.
RequestId:cbf12c65-c01e-00fc-1069-3a41a7000000
Time:2020-06-04T12:11:03.4295368Z</Message><AuthenticationErrorDetail>The MAC signature found in the HTTP request 'c9n6EKq9p6skUs17qGv/bW0yGRGjMzMrP7bgDwjRABg=' is not the same as any computed signature. Server used following string to sign: 'PUT


11

text/plain; charset=UTF-8






x-ms-blob-type:BlockBlob
x-ms-date:Thu, 04 Jun 2020 12:11:02 GMT
x-ms-version:2015-02-21
/<mystorageaccount>/test/fname'.</AuthenticationErrorDetail></Error>

有人可以帮助我了解我在这里缺少什么吗？

标签： pythonazurerestblobput

解决方案

您需要包含text/plain; charset=UTF-8forContent-Type和11for Content-Lengthin string_params。因此，您修改后的代码（string_params仅限变量）将类似于：

string_params = {
    'verb': 'PUT',
    'Content-Encoding': '',
    'Content-Language': '',
    'Content-Length': '11',
    'Content-MD5': '',
    'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
    'Date': '',
    'If-Modified-Since': '',
    'If-Match': '',
    'If-None-Match': '',
    'If-Unmodified-Since': '',
    'Range': '',
    'CanonicalizedHeaders': 'x-ms-blob-type:BlockBlob' + '\nx-ms-date:' + request_time + '\nx-ms-version:' + api_version,
    'CanonicalizedResource': '/' + storage_account_name +'/'+container_name+ '/' +'fname'
}

您的其余代码看起来不错。

更新

您在 . 末尾缺少一个换行符CanonicalizedHeaders。所以你string_params会像：

string_params = {
    'verb': 'PUT',
    'Content-Encoding': '',
    'Content-Language': '',
    'Content-Length': '11',
    'Content-MD5': '',
    'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
    'Date': '',
    'If-Modified-Since': '',
    'If-Match': '',
    'If-None-Match': '',
    'If-Unmodified-Since': '',
    'Range': '',
    'CanonicalizedHeaders': 'x-ms-blob-type:BlockBlob' + '\nx-ms-date:' + request_time + '\nx-ms-version:' + api_version + '\n',
    'CanonicalizedResource': '/' + storage_account_name +'/'+container_name+ '/' +'fname'
}

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