时间戳

首页 > 解决方案 > Python将文本文件解析为字典

python - Python将文本文件解析为字典

问题描述

我正在使用 Python 3.6 并假设我的数据如下所示

data = """

Mod 123  
Trainee Name: John Doe 
Date: 11-11-1111 
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. 2 + 2 = 4? 
a. True 
b. False 
correct: c 
ignore this line
and this one too
2. US Population  is _____ Million. 
a. 271 
b. 292 
c. 319 
d. 328 
correct: d"""

我想要一个如下所示的字典对象

[ 
    {'Question': '2 + 2 = 4', 'Sequence_Number': '1', 'Answers': {'Option_1': 'True', 'Option_2': 'False'}, 'Correct': "Option_1"},
    {'Question': 'US Population  is _____ Million.', 'Sequence_Number': '2', 'Answers': {'Option_1': '271', 'Option_2': '292', 'Option_3': '319', 'Option_4': '328', 'Correct': "Option_4"}}

]

需要注意的是，选择最多可以达到 a,b,c,d,e (5)，并且有一些垃圾内容可以删除，这只是多余的行。

我的代码如下




dt = {}
lt = []
dc = {}
lc = []


d = data.split('\n')

for x in range(len(d)):
    line = d[x]

    if x < len(d) -1:
        nl = d[x+1]
        try:
            if (nl[0].isdigit() and nl[1] == ".") or (nl[0].isdigit() and nl[1].isdigit() and nl[2] == "."):
                next_line = "Question"
        except:
            next_line = ""

    try:
        if (line[0].isdigit() and line[1] == ".") or (line[0].isdigit() and line[1].isdigit() and line[2] == ".") :
            Question = line.split(". ")[1]
            Sequence_Number = line.split(". ")[0]



        if line.startswith('a. ') :
            dc['Option_1'] = line.split(". ")[1]
            if next_line != "Question":
                continue


        if line.startswith('b. '):
            dc['Option_2'] = line.split(". ")[1]
            if next_line != "Question":
                continue

        if line.startswith('c. ') :
            dc['Option_3'] = line.split(". ")[1]
            if next_line != "Question":
                continue


        if line.startswith('d. '):
            dc['Option_4'] = line.split(". ")[1]
            if next_line != "Question":
                continue

        if line.startswith('e. '):
            dc['Option_5'] = line.split(". ")[1]
            if next_line != "Question":
                continue


        if next_line == "Question" :
            dt['Question'] = Question
            dt['Sequence_Number'] = Sequence_Number
            dt["Answers"] = dc
            lt.append(dt)
            dt = {}
            dc = {}



    except:
        continue



for i in lt:
    print(i)

结果看起来像

{'Question': '2 + 2 = 4', 'Sequence_Number': '1', 'Answers': {}}
{'Question': '2 + 2 = 4', 'Sequence_Number': '1', 'Answers': {}}
{'Question': '2 + 2 = 4', 'Sequence_Number': '1', 'Answers': {'Option_1': 'True'}}
{'Question': '2 + 2 = 4', 'Sequence_Number': '1', 'Answers': {'Option_2': 'False'}}
{'Question': '2 + 2 = 4', 'Sequence_Number': '1', 'Answers': {}}
{'Question': '2 + 2 = 4', 'Sequence_Number': '1', 'Answers': {}}
{'Question': 'US Population  is _____ Million.', 'Sequence_Number': '2', 'Answers': {}}
{'Question': 'US Population  is _____ Million.', 'Sequence_Number': '2', 'Answers': {'Option_1': '271'}}
{'Question': 'US Population  is _____ Million.', 'Sequence_Number': '2', 'Answers': {'Option_2': '292'}}
{'Question': 'US Population  is _____ Million.', 'Sequence_Number': '2', 'Answers': {'Option_3': '319'}}
{'Question': 'US Population  is _____ Million.', 'Sequence_Number': '2', 'Answers': {'Option_4': '328'}}

结果不干净，我似乎无法跳过空字典插入。它一定很简单，我看不到。

谁能帮忙

标签： pythonpython-3.x

解决方案

这是一个使用一些正则表达式来解析数据并将结果存储在字典列表中的解决方案：


import re

data = """

Mod 123  
Trainee Name: John Doe 
Date: 11-11-1111 
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. 2 + 2 = 4? 
a. True 
b. False 
correct: a 
ignore this line
and this one too
2. US Population  is _____ Million. 
a. 271 
b. 292 
c. 319 
d. 328 
correct: d"""

OP = 'abcde'
rv = []
matches = re.findall(r'(\d)\. (.*)\n(([a-e]\. .*\n){1,5})correct: (.*)', data)
for match in matches:
    sequence_number, question, options, _, correct = match
    options = re.findall(r'[a-z]\. (.*)', options)
    rv.append({'Question': question.strip(),
               'Sequence_Number': sequence_number.strip(),
               'Answers': {f'Option_{idx}': opt.strip() for idx, opt in enumerate(options, start=1)},
               'Correct': f'Option_{OP.index(correct.strip()) + 1}',
               }
              )

print(rv)

输出：

[{'Question': '2 + 2 = 4?', 'Sequence_Number': '1', 'Answers': {'Option_1': 'True', 'Option_2': 'False'}, 'Correct': 'Option_1'},
 {'Question': 'US Population  is _____ Million.', 'Sequence_Number': '2', 'Answers': {'Option_1': '271', 'Option_2': '292', 'Option_3': '319', 'Option_4': '328'}, 'Correct': 'Option_4'}]

推荐阅读