c# - 从 Web 异常调用 WCF
问题描述
我是创建 Web 服务的新手,使用 WCF 创建 Web 服务并将其部署到 IIS 后出现了一些错误,当我尝试使用 Web 浏览器对其进行测试时,它返回了这个我没有得到的错误:
An ExceptionDetail, likely created by IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults=true, whose value is:
System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.
at System.ServiceModel.Description.WsdlExporter.CreateWsdlBindingAndPort(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, XmlQualifiedName wsdlServiceQName, Port& wsdlPort, Boolean& newBinding, Boolean& bindingNameWasUniquified)
at System.ServiceModel.Description.WsdlExporter.ExportEndpoint(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, XmlQualifiedName wsdlServiceQName, BindingParameterCollection bindingParameters)
at System.ServiceModel.Description.WsdlExporter.ExportEndpoints(IEnumerable`1 endpoints, XmlQualifiedName wsdlServiceQName, BindingParameterCollection bindingParameters)
at System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceMetadataBehavior.MetadataExtensionInitializer.GenerateMetadata()
at System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceMetadataExtension.EnsureInitialized()
at System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceMetadataExtension.HttpGetImpl.InitializationData.InitializeFrom(ServiceMetadataExtension extension)
at System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceMetadataExtension.HttpGetImpl.GetInitData()
at System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceMetadataExtension.HttpGetImpl.TryHandleDocumentationRequest(Message httpGetRequest, String[] queries, Message& replyMessage)
at System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceMetadataExtension.HttpGetImpl.ProcessHttpRequest(Message httpGetRequest)
at SyncInvokeGet(Object , Object[] , Object[] )
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.SyncMethodInvoker.Invoke(Object instance, Object[] inputs, Object[]& outputs)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.DispatchOperationRuntime.InvokeBegin(MessageRpc& rpc)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage5(MessageRpc& rpc)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage11(MessageRpc& rpc)
at System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc.Process(Boolean isOperationContextSet)
网络配置:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<connectionStrings>
<add name="ConnectionString" connectionString=... />
</connectionStrings>
<appSettings>
<add key="aspnet:UseTaskFriendlySynchronizationContext" value="false" />
<add key="wcf:serviceHostingEnvironment:useClassicReadEntityBodyMode" value="true" />
</appSettings>
<system.web>
<httpRuntime maxRequestLength="4000480" executionTimeout="600" />
<compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
<customErrors mode="Off" />
<authentication mode="Windows" />
<pages controlRenderingCompatibilityVersion="3.5" clientIDMode="AutoID" />
<sessionState mode="Off" />
</system.web>
<system.webServer>
<directoryBrowse enabled="true" />
<httpProtocol>
<customHeaders>
<add name="Access-Control-Allow-Origin" value="*" />
<add name="Access-Control-Allow-Headers" value="Content-Type, Accept" />
<add name="Access-Control-Allow-Methods" value="POST,GET,OPTIONS" />
<add name="Access-Control-Max-Age" value="1728000" />
</customHeaders>
</httpProtocol>
</system.webServer>
<system.serviceModel>
<services>
<service name="CLService.Service1" behaviorConfiguration="Service1Behavior">
<endpoint address="unsecure/XML" binding="webHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="webHttpBinding" contract="CLService.IService1" behaviorConfiguration="RestXMLEndpointBehavior" />
<endpoint address="unsecure" binding="webHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="webHttpBinding" contract="CLService.IService1" behaviorConfiguration="RestJSONEndpointBehavior" />
<endpoint address="xml2" binding="webHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="webHttpsBinding" contract="CLService.IService1" behaviorConfiguration="RestXMLEndpointBehavior" />
<endpoint address="json" binding="webHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="webHttpsBinding" contract="CLService.IService1" behaviorConfiguration="RestJSONEndpointBehavior" />
</service>
</services>
<behaviors>
<endpointBehaviors>
<behavior name="RestJSONEndpointBehavior">
<webHttp helpEnabled="false" defaultOutgoingResponseFormat="Json" />
<!-- <webHttp automaticFormatSelectionEnabled="true" -->
</behavior>
<behavior name="RestXMLEndpointBehavior">
<webHttp helpEnabled="false" defaultOutgoingResponseFormat="Xml" />
</behavior>
</endpointBehaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="Service1Behavior">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
<serviceDebug httpHelpPageEnabled="false" includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
<serviceThrottling maxConcurrentCalls="200" maxConcurrentSessions="500" maxConcurrentInstances="600" />
</behavior>
<behavior name="">
<serviceThrottling maxConcurrentCalls="200" maxConcurrentSessions="500" maxConcurrentInstances="600" />
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<bindings>
<webHttpBinding>
<binding name="webHttpsBinding" crossDomainScriptAccessEnabled="true" maxBufferSize="2000000000" maxReceivedMessageSize="2000000000" transferMode="Buffered" closeTimeout="00:10:00" openTimeout="00:10:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:10:00">
<readerQuotas maxDepth="250000000" maxStringContentLength="250000000" maxArrayLength="250000000" maxBytesPerRead="250000000" maxNameTableCharCount="250000000" />
<security mode="Transport">
<transport clientCredentialType="None" />
</security>
</binding>
<binding name="webHttpBinding" maxBufferPoolSize="9990000" maxBufferSize="2000000000" maxReceivedMessageSize="2000000000" closeTimeout="00:10:00" openTimeout="00:10:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:10:00" transferMode="Buffered">
<readerQuotas maxDepth="2147483647" maxStringContentLength="2147483647" maxArrayLength="2147483647" maxBytesPerRead="2147483647" maxNameTableCharCount="2147483647" />
<security mode="None" />
</binding>
</webHttpBinding>
<basicHttpBinding>
<binding name="Service1Soap" />
<binding name="secureHttpBinding">
<security mode="Transport">
<transport clientCredentialType="None" />
</security>
</binding>
</basicHttpBinding>
</bindings>
<serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" minFreeMemoryPercentageToActivateService="0" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
</system.serviceModel>
</configuration>
我在 IService1 中的服务合同方法:
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(Method = "POST", RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, UriTemplate = "Mthod1", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped)]
Response Mthod1(String Query);
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(Method = "POST", RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, UriTemplate = "Mthod2",BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped)]
Response Mthod2(String Query);
我尝试改变行为和绑定但没有运气
Web 服务使用 https 部署在 IIS 上。
知道可能是什么问题吗?先感谢您。
解决方案
因为 CLService.IService1 合约在多个端点上公开,所以客户端应用程序在为合约创建代理实例时必须引用端点名称。如果未确认端点名称,WCF 将抛出错误,因为它不知道要使用哪个端点。
如果你使用浏览器直接打开.svc文件,服务器会报错,因为它不知道你要使用哪个端点。您需要在 .svc 文件后添加要访问的端点地址。
经过我的测试,这个错误不会影响程序的正常访问。这只是服务器不知道您将使用哪个端点的错误。您需要告诉服务您需要访问哪个端点。
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