python - Python将值保存为实例方法而不是整数
问题描述
所以,我目前正在编写一个随机生成网格迷宫的程序。以下代码段是网格的单个“单元”的类定义。我定义了 2 个 getter 方法get_row
和get_col
,它们可以检索单元格的坐标。我相信这就是问题所在。
class cell: #Node storing each cell of grid
def __init__(self, rowNum=None, colNum=None):
self.rowNum = rowNum
self.colNum = colNum
self.blocked = 0 # 0 denotes False, all cells are initially unblocked
self.f = 0 # Distance from start node
self.g = 0 # Distance from goal node
self.h = 0 # Total cost ( h = f + g )
self.parent = None
def get_row(self):
return self.rowNum
def get_col(self):
return self.colNum
def isBlocked(self):
if self.blocked == 0:
return 0
if self.blocked != 0:
return 1
然后,我使用下面的线段遍历网格,随机确定某些正方形作为起点和终点。我将这些坐标保存为start_row
、start_col
、end_row
和end_col
。
# List containing all the unblocked cells
unblockedCells = [cell() for i in range(numUnblocked)]
start_row = -1
start_col = -1
end_row = -1
end_col = -1
# Randomly picks 2 unblocked cells to be the starting and ending point
def set_start_and_end():
global start_row
global start_col
global end_row
global end_col
ctr1 = 0
for i in range(totalRows):
for j in range(totalCols):
if cellsArray[i][j].blocked == 0:
unblockedCells[ctr1] = cellsArray[i][j]
ctr1 = ctr1+1
#Initialize start position
startIndex = random.randint(0,len(unblockedCells)-1)
start_row = unblockedCells[startIndex].get_row
start_col = unblockedCells[startIndex].get_col
#Initialize target position
endIndex = random.randint(0, len(unblockedCells)-1)
end_row = unblockedCells[endIndex].get_row
end_col = unblockedCells[endIndex].get_col
print("Start: (",start_row,", ",start_col,") End: (",end_row,", ",end_col,")")
set_start_and_end()
但是,当我尝试在程序中访问 和 的值时start_row
,start_col
我收到错误list indices must be integers, not instancemethod
我的问题是,为什么 start_row 和 start_col 被存储为 instancemethod 而不是整数?
解决方案
这是一个小片段来说明不同的选项
class Cell:
"""Doc strings go here btw, not as comments. Also take a look at pep8 naming conventions: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/#naming-conventions"""
def __init__(self, row_num = None, col_num = None):
self.row_num = row_num # A public instance member - you can get and set this directly without the need for function
self._col_num = col_num # A private member. By convention, you should not get or set this directly
def get_row(self):
"""This is a method, you need so call it using parenthesis i.e. .get_row()"""
return self.row_num
@property
def col_num(self):
"""This is property being used to expose a private member. You don't need parenthesis to call it."""
return self._col_num
my_cell = Cell(1, 2)
print(my_cell.row_num) # row_num is a public member, you can just access it directly
print(my_cell.get_row) # get_row is a method, so this will print the actual function
print(my_cell.get_row()) # this calls the function and prints the integer
print(my_call.col_num) # because of the property decorator, we don't have to call this function but can treat is as if it was a member. But note it would be weird to name it get_... now as verbs imply functions.
在您的情况下,我只会使用公共实例成员。不需要您的任何功能。事实上,整个对象看起来可能只是一个命名的元组:
from typing import NamedTuple
class Cell(NamedTuple):
row: int
col: int
blocked: bool
或者如果你使用 python>=3.8 一个数据类
from dataclasses import dataclass
@dataclass
class Cell:
row = None
col = None
blocked = False
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