python-3.x - 修改 geojson 在命令行上工作，但从脚本：Python NoneType object is not subscriptable
问题描述
我正在尝试修改 geojson 文件中元素的属性。使用命令行非常容易。
>>>import json
>>>with open(file_line) as f:
... data = json.load(f)
>>>constituency_feature = next((item for item in data['features'] if item['properties']['name_4'] == 'Ahlaf'), None)
>>>constituency_feature['properties']['results'] = 'Winner'
确实，我得到：
constituency_feature['properties']['results']
'Winner'
但是当我尝试在我的 python 文件中执行此操作时，出现错误：
import json
import numpy as np
file_line = 'C:/Users/XXX/Documents/Programming/electoral-prediction-model-pk/data/Country/country-swing.json'
with open(file_line) as f:
data = json.load(f)
for constituency in constituencies:
# predict
# aquí queremos poner los resultados en el archivo Geojson que coincide con los nombres de los distritos electorales
winning_party = "Test_party"
# update geojson
constituency_feature = next((item for item in data['features'] if item['properties']['name_4'] == constituency), None)
print(constituency_feature)
constituency_feature['properties']['results'] = winning_party_name
确实，我得到：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/antoi/Documents/Programming/electoral-prediction-model-pk/main.py", line 43, in <module>
final_model(paras[:12])
File "C:\Users\antoi\Documents\Programming\electoral-prediction-model-pk\model.py", line 105, in final_model
constituency_feature['properties']['results'] = winning_party_name
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not subscriptable
我查了一下，constituency_feature没有。
数据
例如，使用circunscripcion.geojson：
{
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"totalFeatures": 1515,
"features": [
{
"type": "Feature",
"id": "fd597jf1799.1",
"geometry": {
"type": "MultiPolygon",
"coordinates": [
[
[
[
-7.27163887,
33.24041367
],
[
-7.27286911,
33.24623871
],
[
-7.26732922,
33.25904083
]
]
]
]
},
"geometry_name": "geom",
"properties": {
"id_0": 152,
"iso": "MAR",
"name_0": "Morocco",
"id_1": 1,
"name_1": "Chaouia - Ouardigha",
"id_2": 1,
"name_2": "Ben Slimane",
"id_3": 1,
"name_3": "Ben Slimane",
"id_4": 1,
"name_4": "Ahlaf",
"varname_4": null,
"ccn_4": 0,
"cca_4": null,
"type_4": "Commune Rural",
"engtype_4": "Rural Commune",
"bbox": [
-7.27286911,
33.22112656,
-6.93353081,
33.38970184
],
"swing_count": 1,
"polling_station_count": 15,
"turnout": 0.4780299144225693,
"results": {
"PI": 187,
"PJD": 88,
"PAM": 59,
"USFP": 1530,
},
"voter_file": {
"nbre_sieges": 3,
"nbre_inscrits": 5953,
"nbre_votants": 2997,
"nbre_nuls": 328,
"nbre_exprimees": 2669
},
"swing_ratio": 0.06666666666666667
}
},
{
"type": "Feature",
"id": "fd597jf1799.2",
"geometry": {
"type": "MultiPolygon",
"coordinates": [
[
[
[
-7.00001287,
33.63414383
],
[
-7.00081205,
33.6269989
],
[
-6.99825382,
33.60465622
]
]
]
]
},
"geometry_name": "geom",
"properties": {
"id_0": 152,
"iso": "MAR",
"name_0": "Morocco",
"id_1": 1,
"name_1": "Chaouia - Ouardigha",
"id_2": 1,
"name_2": "Ben Slimane",
"id_3": 1,
"name_3": "Ben Slimane",
"id_4": 2,
"name_4": "Ain Tizgha",
"varname_4": null,
"ccn_4": 0,
"cca_4": null,
"type_4": "Commune Rural",
"engtype_4": "Rural Commune",
"bbox": [
-7.12737417,
33.57954407,
-6.99144888,
33.78071213
],
"swing_count": 11,
"polling_station_count": 23,
"turnout": 0.3912592182242994,
"results": {
"PI": 1837,
"PJD": 366,
"PAM": 143,
"USFP": 22,
},
"voter_file": {
"nbre_sieges": 3,
"nbre_inscrits": 8262,
"nbre_votants": 4479,
"nbre_nuls": 443,
"nbre_exprimees": 4036
},
"swing_ratio": 0.4782608695652174
}
}
],
"crs": {
"type": "name",
"properties": {
"name": "urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326"
}
},
"bbox": [
-13.2287693,
27.62881088,
-0.93655348,
35.96390533
]
}
例如，假设我们正在处理Ahlaf: winning_party= PAM。如何摆脱“结果”字典并将“获胜者”：“PAM”放在适当的位置？这是预期的结果：
{
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"totalFeatures": 1515,
"features": [
{
"type": "Feature",
"id": "fd597jf1799.1",
"geometry": {
"type": "MultiPolygon",
"coordinates": [
[
[
[
-7.27163887,
33.24041367
],
[
-7.27286911,
33.24623871
],
[
-7.26732922,
33.25904083
]
]
]
]
},
"geometry_name": "geom",
"properties": {
"id_0": 152,
"iso": "MAR",
"name_0": "Morocco",
"id_1": 1,
"name_1": "Chaouia - Ouardigha",
"id_2": 1,
"name_2": "Ben Slimane",
"id_3": 1,
"name_3": "Ben Slimane",
"id_4": 1,
"name_4": "Ahlaf",
"varname_4": null,
"ccn_4": 0,
"cca_4": null,
"type_4": "Commune Rural",
"engtype_4": "Rural Commune",
"bbox": [
-7.27286911,
33.22112656,
-6.93353081,
33.38970184
],
"swing_count": 1,
"polling_station_count": 15,
"turnout": 0.4780299144225693,
"winning_party": "PAM",
"voter_file": {
"nbre_sieges": 3,
"nbre_inscrits": 5953,
"nbre_votants": 2997,
"nbre_nuls": 328,
"nbre_exprimees": 2669
},
"swing_ratio": 0.06666666666666667
}
},
{
"type": "Feature",
"id": "fd597jf1799.2",
"geometry": {
"type": "MultiPolygon",
"coordinates": [
[
[
[
-7.00001287,
33.63414383
],
[
-7.00081205,
33.6269989
],
[
-6.99825382,
33.60465622
]
]
]
]
},
"geometry_name": "geom",
"properties": {
"id_0": 152,
"iso": "MAR",
"name_0": "Morocco",
"id_1": 1,
"name_1": "Chaouia - Ouardigha",
"id_2": 1,
"name_2": "Ben Slimane",
"id_3": 1,
"name_3": "Ben Slimane",
"id_4": 2,
"name_4": "Ain Tizgha",
"varname_4": null,
"ccn_4": 0,
"cca_4": null,
"type_4": "Commune Rural",
"engtype_4": "Rural Commune",
"bbox": [
-7.12737417,
33.57954407,
-6.99144888,
33.78071213
],
"swing_count": 11,
"polling_station_count": 23,
"turnout": 0.3912592182242994,
"results": {
"PI": 1837,
"PJD": 366,
"PAM": 143,
"USFP": 22
},
"voter_file": {
"nbre_sieges": 3,
"nbre_inscrits": 8262,
"nbre_votants": 4479,
"nbre_nuls": 443,
"nbre_exprimees": 4036
},
"swing_ratio": 0.4782608695652174
}
}
],
"crs": {
"type": "name",
"properties": {
"name": "urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326"
}
},
"bbox": [
-13.2287693,
27.62881088,
-0.93655348,
35.96390533
]
}
解决方案
您可以通过以下方式访问'name_4'：
print(data['features'][0]['properties']['name_4'])
您可以通过以下方式访问'results'：
print(data['features'][0]['properties']['name_4'])
所以，一旦你有了正确的条件，你可以改变你需要的任何东西：
data['features'][0]['properties']['winner']='PAM' # adds key 'winner' with value 'PAM'
del(data['features'][0]['properties']['results']) # delete key 'results'
print(json.dumps(data, indent=2)) # print (test) result
字典基本上是无序的，因此新键可能出现在['properties']字典中的不同位置。Python 3.6 或更高版本使用添加项目的顺序，因此对于这些版本，新项目['winner']将作为['properties']字典的最后一项添加
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