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spring-boot - 尝试在 jUnit 中获取 OAuth2 访问令牌时出现 401 未授权

问题描述

我需要编写一个 jUnit 测试用例，“/contextpath/oauth2/token?grant_type=password”一直失败。

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@SpringBootTest(classes = UserAuthApplication.class)
class UserAuthApplicationTests {

    
    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    private String obtainAccessToken(final String username, final String password) throws Exception {

        MultiValueMap<String, String> params = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
        params.add("grant_type", "password");
        params.add("username", username);
        params.add("password", password);

        ResultActions result = mockMvc
                .perform(post("/userauth/oauth/token").params(params).with(httpBasic("user-test","testp"))
                        .accept("application/json"))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect((ResultMatcher) content());

        String resultString = result.andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString();

        JacksonJsonParser jsonParser = new JacksonJsonParser();
        return jsonParser.parseMap(resultString).get("access_token").toString();
    }

    @Test
    public void tokenNotGiven_whenGetSecureRequest_thenUnauthorized() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/userauth/apis/v1/users").param("email", ""))
                .andExpect(status().isUnauthorized());
        
    }
    
    @Test
    public void givenValidUserCredentials_whenGetSecureRequest_thenAuthorized() throws Exception {
        String accessToken = obtainAccessToken("test@gmail.com", "test1");
        mockMvc.perform(get("/userauth/apis/v1/users")
          .header("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken)
          .param("email", ""))
          .andExpect(status().isOk());
        
        mockMvc.perform(get("/userauth/apis/v1/users")
              .header("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken)
              .param("email", ""))
              .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect((ResultMatcher) content().contentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8"))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.success", is(true)));
    }

}

当我在测试用例之上运行时，它给了我以下错误：

MockHttpServletRequest:
      HTTP Method = POST
      Request URI = /userauth/oauth/token
       Parameters = {grant_type=[password], username=[test@gmail.com], password=[test1]}
          Headers = [Accept:"application/json", Authorization:"Basic dXNlci1hdXRoOm1hbm9q"]
             Body = null
    Session Attrs = {}

Handler:
             Type = null

Async:
    Async started = false
     Async result = null

Resolved Exception:
             Type = null

ModelAndView:
        View name = null
             View = null
            Model = null

FlashMap:
       Attributes = null

MockHttpServletResponse:
           Status = 401
    Error message = null
          Headers = [Vary:"Origin", "Access-Control-Request-Method", "Access-Control-Request-Headers", Content-Type:"application/json", X-Content-Type-Options:"nosniff", X-XSS-Protection:"1; mode=block", Cache-Control:"no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate", Pragma:"no-cache", Expires:"0", X-Frame-Options:"DENY"]
     Content type = application/json
             Body = {"status":"UNAUTHORIZED","message":"Full authentication is required to access this resource"}
    Forwarded URL = null
   Redirected URL = null
          Cookies = []

预计它应该生成令牌，就像在邮递员中一样，即使在基于 ReactJS 的应用程序中也能够生成并正常工作，但它只在 jUnit 中失败。

标签： spring-bootjunitjunit5

解决方案

这样做的好处MockMvc是您使用模拟的 Servlet 环境和案例使用 Spring Security Test 支持基本上将用户设置在SecurityContext. 如果您只想测试 HTTP 端点，这使您无需准备任何令牌。

确保在您的项目中具有以下依赖项：

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

然后您可以@WithMockUser(username="mike")在测试方法级别使用或在执行请求时使用MockMvc：

this.mockMvc
    .perform(get("/userauth/apis/v1/users")
      .with(SecurityMockMvcRequestPostProcessors.jwt()
        .jwt(YOUR_JWT_HERE) // also optional
        .authorities(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_ADMIN")))) // also optional
    .andExpect(status().isOk());

如果您仍想测试安全流程，我建议您宁愿@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)在您的测试中使用，不要使用MockMvc. 然后您可以使用自动配置TestRestTemplate 或WebTestClient首先执行令牌检索，然后使用真实的Servlet 环境访问您的端点。

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