java - 使用 Hibernate 在 Spring Boot 2 中初始化 entityManagerFactory 时出错
问题描述
早上好，由于 Spring BootEntityManagerFactory无法自动装配 bean，我在启动 Spring Boot 应用程序时遇到了问题。
我已经在 SO 和网上查看了各种答案，但没有找到任何解决方案。
配置包括
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
和
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
它还应该包含entityManagerFactorybean 的实现，通过查看父pom依赖项
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
存在，所以它不应该是NullPointerException.
application.properties我在文件中配置了休眠和数据源
#Datasource related properties
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.postgresql.Driver
spring.jpa.database=postgresql
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/sr002
spring.datasource.username=username
spring.datasource.password=password
主要错误是
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to asynchronously initialize native EntityManagerFactory: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
和
Caused by: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError: null
在代码Entity Manager中调用：
@PersistenceContext
private EntityManager entityManager;
如果依赖项写在父 pom.xml 中，我真的无法弄清楚为什么会出现问题。
编辑
通过深入挖掘，我发现一个名为的参数jdbc42Apis在中为空，AbstractUserTypeHibernateIntegrator.class因此它会执行一行
JavaVersion.getMajorVersion() >= 1 && JavaVersion.getMinorVersion() >= 8
在哪里抛出一个ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 1 out of bounds for length 1. 谁知道这可能来自哪里？在互联网上，我没有找到任何东西。
完整的堆栈跟踪是
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.metrics.orm.jpa.HibernateMetricsAutoConfiguration': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to asynchronously initialize native EntityManagerFactory: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:405) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1420) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:593) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:516) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:324) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:322) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:897) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:879) ~[spring-context-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:551) ~[spring-context-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:143) ~[spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:758) ~[spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:750) ~[spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397) ~[spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315) ~[spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1237) ~[spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1226) ~[spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]
at com.entsorgafin.sr002EagleCloud.Sr002EagleCloudApplication.main(Sr002EagleCloudApplication.java:10) ~[classes/:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564) ~[na:na]
at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49) ~[spring-boot-devtools-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to asynchronously initialize native EntityManagerFactory: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.getNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:553) ~[spring-orm-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.invokeProxyMethod(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:497) ~[spring-orm-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean$ManagedEntityManagerFactoryInvocationHandler.invoke(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:680) ~[spring-orm-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy88.unwrap(Unknown Source) ~[na:na]
at org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.metrics.orm.jpa.HibernateMetricsAutoConfiguration.bindEntityManagerFactoryToRegistry(HibernateMetricsAutoConfiguration.java:67) ~[spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.metrics.orm.jpa.HibernateMetricsAutoConfiguration.lambda$bindEntityManagerFactoriesToRegistry$0(HibernateMetricsAutoConfiguration.java:60) ~[spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]
at java.base/java.util.LinkedHashMap.forEach(LinkedHashMap.java:723) ~[na:na]
at org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.metrics.orm.jpa.HibernateMetricsAutoConfiguration.bindEntityManagerFactoriesToRegistry(HibernateMetricsAutoConfiguration.java:60) ~[spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564) ~[na:na]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:755) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:130) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:399) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
... 23 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError: null
at org.jadira.usertype.spi.shared.AbstractUserTypeHibernateIntegrator.use42Api(AbstractUserTypeHibernateIntegrator.java:78) ~[usertype.spi-6.0.1.GA.jar:na]
at org.jadira.usertype.spi.shared.AbstractUserTypeHibernateIntegrator.integrate(AbstractUserTypeHibernateIntegrator.java:206) ~[usertype.spi-6.0.1.GA.jar:na]
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:282) ~[hibernate-core-5.4.18.Final.jar:5.4.18.Final]
at org.hibernate.boot.internal.SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.build(SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.java:469) ~[hibernate-core-5.4.18.Final.jar:5.4.18.Final]
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:1259) ~[hibernate-core-5.4.18.Final.jar:5.4.18.Final]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:58) ~[spring-orm-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:365) ~[spring-orm-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:391) ~[spring-orm-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1130) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:630) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:832) ~[na:na]
Caused by: java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 1 out of bounds for length 1
at org.jadira.usertype.spi.utils.runtime.JavaVersion.<clinit>(JavaVersion.java:16) ~[usertype.spi-6.0.1.GA.jar:na]
... 12 common frames omitted
解决方案
我在使用 Java 15 的第一个版本时遇到了同样的问题（docker image 采用openjdk/openjdk15：jdk-15_36 -alpine-slim）。
在org.jadira.usertype.spi.utils.runtime.JavaVersionJadira，期待一个有两个位置的数组：
MAJOR_VERSION = Integer.parseInt(versions[0]);
MINOR_VERSION = Integer.parseInt(versions[1]);
但在那个版本中，它返回一个只有一个元素的数组：[15]。
将java版本升级到15.0.2解决了问题（docker image采用openjdk/openjdk15:jdk-15.0.2_7 - alpine-slim）
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