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.htaccess - 如何在 URL 屏蔽时将单个目录 htaccess 重定向到外部 URL

问题描述

这里有很多类似的问题，但似乎没有一个是完全相同的，有些东西让我很头疼。我有一个特定的内部 URL mydomain.com/a-directory，我想将其转发到外部 URL https://mailchi.mp/mydomain.com/a-directory，同时仍将浏览器显示的 URL 保留为mydomain。 com/a 目录。

我努力了：

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>

RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^mydomain\.com/a-directory$
RewriteRule ^(.*) https://mailchi.mp/mydomain.com/a-directory [P]  

</IfModule>

并且：

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>

RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^a-directory$ https://mailchi.mp/mydomain.com/a-directory [P]

</IfModule>

Apache mod_proxy 已安装。编辑：两者似乎都被忽略了，因为没有发生转发，也没有崩溃。浏览器只是说找不到该页面，因为www.httpmydomain.dom/a-directory不存在。

编辑： .htaccess 文件包含以下内容。

AuthType Basic
AuthName "Restricted access"
AuthUserFile /home/cpanelUser/.htpasswd
Require valid-user


#
# Apache/PHP/Drupal settings:
#

# Protect files and directories from prying eyes.
<FilesMatch "\.(engine|inc|info|install|make|module|profile|test|po|sh|.*sql|theme|tpl(\.php)?|xtmpl)(~|\.sw[op]|\.bak|\.orig|\.save)?$|^(\.(?!well-known).*|Entries.*|Repository|Root|Tag|Template|composer\.(json|lock))$|^#.*#$|\.php(~|\.sw[op]|\.bak|\.orig\.save)$">
  <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
    Require all denied
  </IfModule>
  <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
    Order allow,deny
  </IfModule>
</FilesMatch>

# Don't show directory listings for URLs which map to a directory.
Options -Indexes

# Follow symbolic links in this directory.
Options +FollowSymLinks

# Make Drupal handle any 404 errors.
ErrorDocument 404 /index.php

# Set the default handler.
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm

# Override PHP settings that cannot be changed at runtime. See
# sites/default/default.settings.php and drupal_environment_initialize() in
# includes/bootstrap.inc for settings that can be changed at runtime.

# PHP 5, Apache 1 and 2.
<IfModule mod_php5.c>
  php_flag magic_quotes_gpc                 off
  php_flag magic_quotes_sybase              off
  php_flag register_globals                 off
  php_flag session.auto_start               off
  php_value mbstring.http_input             pass
  php_value mbstring.http_output            pass
  php_flag mbstring.encoding_translation    off
</IfModule>

# Requires mod_expires to be enabled.
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
  # Enable expirations.
  ExpiresActive On

  # Cache all files for 2 weeks after access (A).
  ExpiresDefault A1209600

  <FilesMatch \.php$>
    # Do not allow PHP scripts to be cached unless they explicitly send cache
    # headers themselves. Otherwise all scripts would have to overwrite the
    # headers set by mod_expires if they want another caching behavior. This may
    # fail if an error occurs early in the bootstrap process, and it may cause
    # problems if a non-Drupal PHP file is installed in a subdirectory.
    ExpiresActive Off
  </FilesMatch>
</IfModule>

# Various rewrite rules.
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
  RewriteEngine on

  RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^mydomain\.com/a-directory$
  RewriteRule ^(.*) https://mailchi.mp/mydomain.com/a-directory [P] 

  # Set "protossl" to "s" if we were accessed via https://.  This is used later
  # if you enable "www." stripping or enforcement, in order to ensure that
  # you don't bounce between http and https.
  RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl]
  RewriteCond %{HTTPS} on
  RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl:s]

  # Make sure Authorization HTTP header is available to PHP
  # even when running as CGI or FastCGI.
  RewriteRule ^ - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization}]

  # Block access to "hidden" directories whose names begin with a period. This
  # includes directories used by version control systems such as Subversion or
  # Git to store control files. Files whose names begin with a period, as well
  # as the control files used by CVS, are protected by the FilesMatch directive
  # above.
  #
  # NOTE: This only works when mod_rewrite is loaded. Without mod_rewrite, it is
  # not possible to block access to entire directories from .htaccess, because
  # <DirectoryMatch> is not allowed here.
  #
  # If you do not have mod_rewrite installed, you should remove these
  # directories from your webroot or otherwise protect them from being
  # downloaded.
  RewriteRule "/\.|^\.(?!well-known/)" - [F]

  # If your site can be accessed both with and without the 'www.' prefix, you
  # can use one of the following settings to redirect users to your preferred
  # URL, either WITH or WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix. Choose ONLY one option:
  #
  # To redirect all users to access the site WITH the 'www.' prefix,
  # (http://example.com/... will be redirected to http://www.example.com/...)
  # uncomment the following:
  RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} .
  RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC]
  RewriteRule ^ http%{ENV:protossl}://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]

  # 2 Redirect to HTTPS
  RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
  RewriteCond %{HTTP:X-Forwarded-Proto} !https
  RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301] 

  #
  # To redirect all users to access the site WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix,
  # (http://www.example.com/... will be redirected to http://example.com/...)
  # uncomment the following:
  # RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+)$ [NC]
  # RewriteRule ^ http%{ENV:protossl}://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]

  # Modify the RewriteBase if you are using Drupal in a subdirectory or in a
  # VirtualDocumentRoot and the rewrite rules are not working properly.
  # For example if your site is at http://example.com/drupal uncomment and
  # modify the following line:
  # RewriteBase /drupal
  #
  # If your site is running in a VirtualDocumentRoot at http://example.com/,
  # uncomment the following line:
  # RewriteBase /

  # Pass all requests not referring directly to files in the filesystem to
  # index.php. Clean URLs are handled in drupal_environment_initialize().

  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
  #RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^blog2
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !=/phpinfo.php
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !=/favicon.ico

  RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]
  
  # Rules to correctly serve gzip compressed CSS and JS files.
  # Requires both mod_rewrite and mod_headers to be enabled.
  <IfModule mod_headers.c>
    # Serve gzip compressed CSS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip.
    RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s
    RewriteRule ^(.*)\.css $1\.css\.gz [QSA]

    # Serve gzip compressed JS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip.
    RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s
    RewriteRule ^(.*)\.js $1\.js\.gz [QSA]

    # Serve correct content types, and prevent mod_deflate double gzip.
    RewriteRule \.css\.gz$ - [T=text/css,E=no-gzip:1]
    RewriteRule \.js\.gz$ - [T=text/javascript,E=no-gzip:1]

    <FilesMatch "(\.js\.gz|\.css\.gz)$">
      # Serve correct encoding type.
      Header set Content-Encoding gzip
      # Force proxies to cache gzipped & non-gzipped css/js files separately.
      Header append Vary Accept-Encoding
    </FilesMatch>
  </IfModule>
</IfModule>

# Add headers to all responses.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
  # Disable content sniffing, since it's an attack vector.
  Header always set X-Content-Type-Options nosniff
</IfModule>
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^anotherAliasDomain\.com$ [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.anotherAliasDomain\.com$
RewriteRule ^/?$ "https\:\/\/www\.mydomain\.com\/" [R=301,L]

# php -- BEGIN cPanel-generated handler, do not edit
# Set the “ea-php72†package as the default “PHP†programming language.
<IfModule mime_module>
  AddHandler application/x-httpd-ea-php72 .php .php7 .phtml
</IfModule>
# php -- END cPanel-generated handler, do not edit

任何帮助将不胜感激。

标签： .htaccessmod-rewriteforwardingurl-masking

解决方案

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^example\.com/a-directory$
RewriteRule ^(.*) https://mailchi.mp/example.com/a-directory [P]

我已将其修改为：RewriteCond ^https://www\.example\.com/a-directory$

虽然代码位于正确的位置（尽管它在 HTTP 到 HTTPS 重定向之前，因此您可能正在尝试代理 HTTP 请求），但您没有使用正确的指令（尽管您问题中的第二个代码块是正确的，提供两个域指向不同的服务器）。

上述两个条件（RewriteCond指令）都没有多大意义。上面的第二个条件在语法上无效，因为您缺少第一个（或第二个？）参数。

HTTP_HOST服务器变量包含HostHTTP 请求标头的值。例如。如果您请求http://example.com/a-directory则HTTP_HOST包含example.com. 但是，如果您请求http://www.example.com/a-directory，则将HTTP_HOST包含www.example.com.

因此，如果您正在请求，http://example.com/a-directory那么您应该使用的指令是根据您的第二个代码块：

RewriteRule ^a-directory$ https://mailchi.mp/example.com/a-directory [P]

如果您特别需要检查请求的主机，则：

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^example\.com [NC]
RewriteRule ^a-directory$ https://mailchi.mp/example.com/a-directory [P]

但是，假设目标服务器允许您通过此 URL代理请求（它们可能会阻止您），那么您可能仍需要服务器配置/虚拟主机中的其他指令来正确配置反向代理。尤其是ProxyPassReverse指令。如果没有这个，如果目标服务器发出 HTTP 重定向，那么用户将被重定向离开您的域 ( example.com)。

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