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python - Pygame Basic calculator

问题描述

I am trying to make a basic calculator but the problem I am having is how do I output the text? How do I make it so when I click plus it allows me to add or if I click divide it allows me to divide and shows the output on the yellow part on my screen

enter image description here

This is what I have right now. You could run it; there is nothing special. My question is how could I make the calculator make it so when I click plus and then go and add up numbers it allows me to add or when I click divide it allows me to divide my numbers and show the outputs on the screen?

import pygame,math
pygame.init()

window_height = 500
window_width = 500
window  = pygame.display.set_mode((window_height,window_width))

    # the buttons for the shop MENU
class button():
    def __init__(self, color, x,y,width,height, text=''):
        self.color = color
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.text = text
        self.over = False

    def draw(self,window,outline=None):
                #Call this method to draw the button on the screen
        if outline:
            pygame.draw.rect(window, outline, (self.x-2,self.y-2,self.width+4,self.height+4),0)
                    
        pygame.draw.rect(window, self.color, (self.x,self.y,self.width,self.height),0)
                
        if self.text != '':
            font = pygame.font.SysFont('comicsans', 60)
            text = font.render(self.text, 1, (0,0,0))
            window.blit(text, (self.x + (self.width/2 - text.get_width()/2), self.y + (self.height/2 - text.get_height()/2)))

    def isOver(self, pos):
                #Pos is the mouse position or a tuple of (x,y) coordinates
        if pos[0] > self.x and pos[0] < self.x + self.width:
            if pos[1] > self.y and pos[1] < self.y + self.height:
                return True
                    
        return False

    def playSoundIfMouseIsOver(self, pos, sound):
        if self.isOver(pos):            
            if not self.over:
                beepsound.play()
                self.over = True
        else:
            self.over = False
                    
white = (255,255,255)
# the numbers for the calcaltor
s_1s = button((0,255,0),40,450,30,30, '1')
s_2s = button((0,255,0),40,400,30,30, '2')
s_3s = button((0,255,0),40,350,30,30, '3')
s_4s = button((0,255,0),100,450,30,30, '4')
s_5s = button((0,255,0),100,400,30,30, '5')
s_6s = button((0,255,0),100,350,30,30, '6')
s_7s = button((0,255,0),150,450,30,30, '7')
s_8s = button((0,255,0),150,400,30,30, '8')
s_9s = button((0,255,0),150,350,30,30, '9')
s_0s = button((0,255,0),200,450,30,30, '0')

numbers = [s_1s,s_2s,s_3s,s_4s,s_5s,s_6s,s_7s,s_8s,s_9s,s_0s]

# the symbols!
d_1s = button((0,255,0),260,450,30,30, '+')
d_2s = button((0,255,0),260,400,30,30, '-')
d_3s = button((0,255,0),260,350,30,30, 'x')
d_4s = button((0,255,0),200,400,30,30, '÷')

symbols = [d_1s,d_2s,d_3s,d_4s]

# input tap
inputtap = button((253,100,32),10,280,450,50,"")

# redraw window
def redraw():
    # draw all the numbers
    for button in numbers:
        button.draw(window)

    # the symbols
    for button in symbols:
        button.draw(window)

    inputtap.draw(window)
 
def Symbols():
    
    if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
        pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
            
        if d_1s.isOver(pos):
            print("+")

        if d_2s.isOver(pos):
            print("-")

        if d_3s.isOver(pos):
            print("x")

        if d_4s.isOver(pos):
            print("÷")
    

def MOUSEOVERnumbers():
    if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
        pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()          
        if s_1s.isOver(pos):
            print("1")
        if s_2s.isOver(pos):
            print("2")
        if s_3s.isOver(pos):
            print("3")
        if s_4s.isOver(pos):
            print("4")
        if s_5s.isOver(pos):
            print("5")
        if s_6s.isOver(pos):
            print("6")
        if s_7s.isOver(pos):
            print("7")
        if s_8s.isOver(pos):
            print("8")
        if s_9s.isOver(pos):
            print("9")
        if s_0s.isOver(pos):
            print("0")            

# the main loop
run = True
while run:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False

        MOUSEOVERnumbers()

        Symbols()

    redraw()
    pygame.display.update()
pygmae.quit()

标签： pythonpygame

解决方案

您可以添加一个=按钮，因此每次用户单击它时，都会使用 pythoneval()函数计算用户输入。

至于用户输入，首先需要全局记录。然后，您可以将用户输入传递给字符串字段以inputtap = button((253,100,32),10,280,450,50,"")将其显示在窗口上。

import pygame, math

pygame.init()

window_height = 500
window_width = 600
window  = pygame.display.set_mode((window_height,window_width))

# the buttons for the shop MENU
class button():
    def __init__(self, color, x,y,width,height, text=''):
        self.color = color
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.text = text
        self.over = False

    def draw(self,window,outline=None):
        #Call this method to draw the button on the screen
        if outline:
            pygame.draw.rect(window, outline, (self.x-2,self.y-2,self.width+4,self.height+4),0)
                    
        pygame.draw.rect(window, self.color, (self.x,self.y,self.width,self.height),0)
                
        if self.text != '':
            font = pygame.font.SysFont('comicsans', 60)
            text = font.render(self.text, 1, (0,0,0))
            window.blit(text, (self.x + (self.width/2 - text.get_width()/2), self.y + (self.height/2 - text.get_height()/2)))

    def isOver(self, pos):
        #Pos is the mouse position or a tuple of (x,y) coordinates
        if pos[0] > self.x and pos[0] < self.x + self.width:
            if pos[1] > self.y and pos[1] < self.y + self.height:
                return True
        return False

    def playSoundIfMouseIsOver(self, pos, sound):
        if self.isOver(pos):            
            if not self.over:
                beepsound.play()
                self.over = True
        else:
            self.over = False
                    
white = (255,255,255)
# the numbers for the calcaltor
s_1s = button((0,255,0),40,450,30,30, '1')
s_2s = button((0,255,0),40,400,30,30, '2')
s_3s = button((0,255,0),40,350,30,30, '3')
s_4s = button((0,255,0),100,450,30,30, '4')
s_5s = button((0,255,0),100,400,30,30, '5')
s_6s = button((0,255,0),100,350,30,30, '6')
s_7s = button((0,255,0),150,450,30,30, '7')
s_8s = button((0,255,0),150,400,30,30, '8')
s_9s = button((0,255,0),150,350,30,30, '9')
s_0s = button((0,255,0),200,450,30,30, '0')

numbers = [s_1s,s_2s,s_3s,s_4s,s_5s,s_6s,s_7s,s_8s,s_9s,s_0s]

# the symbols!
d_1s = button((0,255,0),260,450,30,30, '+')
d_2s = button((0,255,0),260,400,30,30, '-')
d_3s = button((0,255,0),260,350,30,30, 'x')
d_4s = button((0,255,0),200,400,30,30, '÷')
d_5s = button((0,255,0),200,350,30,30, '=')
d_6s = button((0,255,0),260,500,30,30, 'C')

symbols = [d_1s,d_2s,d_3s,d_4s,d_5s,d_6s]


# redraw window
def redraw(inputtap):
    # draw all the numbers
    for button in numbers:
        button.draw(window)

    # the symbols
    for button in symbols:
        button.draw(window)

    inputtap.draw(window)

def Symbols():
    global user_input
    global python_input
    global is_finished

    if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
        pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

        try:
            if is_finished or user_input[-1] in ["+", "-", "x", "÷", "="]:
                # User shouldn't type two symbols continuously
                # User shouldn't input any symbols when game finished because there is no number
                return
        except IndexError:
            # User shouldn't input any symbols if there is no number
            return


        if d_1s.isOver(pos):
            print("+")
            user_input += "+"
            python_input += "+"

        if d_2s.isOver(pos):
            print("-")
            user_input += "-"
            python_input += "-"

        if d_3s.isOver(pos):
            print("x")
            user_input += "x"
            python_input += "*"

        if d_4s.isOver(pos):
            print("÷")
            user_input += "÷"
            python_input += "/"

        if d_5s.isOver(pos):
            print("=")
            result = eval(python_input)
            python_input = ""
            user_input += f"={result:.2f}"
            is_finished = True

        if d_6s.isOver(pos):
            print("C")
            python_input = ""
            user_input = ""

def MOUSEOVERnumbers():
    global user_input
    global python_input
    global is_finished

    if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
        if is_finished:
            user_input = ""
            python_input = ""
            is_finished = False
        pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()          
        if s_1s.isOver(pos):
            print("1")
            user_input += "1"
            python_input += "1"
        if s_2s.isOver(pos):
            print("2")
            user_input += "2"
            python_input += "2"
        if s_3s.isOver(pos):
            print("3")
            user_input += "3"
            python_input += "3"
        if s_4s.isOver(pos):
            print("4")
            user_input += "4"
            python_input += "4"
        if s_5s.isOver(pos):
            print("5")
            user_input += "5"
            python_input += "5"
        if s_6s.isOver(pos):
            print("6")
            user_input += "6"
            python_input += "6"
        if s_7s.isOver(pos):
            print("7")
            user_input += "7"
            python_input += "7"
        if s_8s.isOver(pos):
            print("8")
            user_input += "8"
            python_input += "8"
        if s_9s.isOver(pos):
            print("9")
            user_input += "9"
            python_input += "9"
        if s_0s.isOver(pos):
            print("0")
            user_input += "0"
            python_input += "0"

# the main loop
run = True
user_input = ""
python_input = ""
is_finished = True

while run:
    # input tap
    inputtap = button((253,100,32),10,280,450,50,f"{user_input}")

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False

        MOUSEOVERnumbers()

        Symbols()

    redraw(inputtap)
    pygame.display.update()

pygame.quit()

然后，您可以添加一个reset按钮来重置用户输入。同样在用户单击=按钮后，开始一个新的用户输入，而不是连接旧的。

在此示例中，该reset按钮标记为。C每次用户单击它时，清空用户输入字符串和 python 输入字符串。

我还使用全局is_finished布尔变量来检查用户是否单击=按钮。如果用户点击它，则表示用户已经完成了计算，因此下次用户点击任何符号按钮时，用户输入的字符串被清除。

同时，用户不应同时输入除C按钮以外的两个符号。我通过比较最后一个字符用户输入和当前字符用户输入来判断它。

此外，用户在输入任何数字之前不应输入任何符号。我用全局变量来判断它is_finished。如果is_finished为真，则表示用户没有开始输入，因此用户输入的字符串中没有值。我也使用IndexError异常以防万一，因为空的用户输入字符串不能与负索引一起使用。

要区分整数和浮点结果，可以判断结果中是否有点：

>>> '.' in '45.3'
True
>>> '.' in '453'
False

最后，您还可以使用Rabbid76所做的属性来简化这些if逻辑：button.text

        for number_button in numbers:
            if number_button.isOver(pos):
                print(number_button.text)
                user_input += number_button.text
                python_input += number_button.text

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