r - 为什么 knitr 会在其他工作正常的管道上窒息？

Question

如果我手动运行块（一次一个或使用“全部运行”），我有一个 RMarkdown 脚本可以正常工作。但是当我尝试使用它knitr来生成 HTML 或 PDF 时，我收到了一个错误：Error in select(responses, starts_with("Q1 ") & !contains("None")) %>% : could not find function "%>%"

实际的整行内容如下：

cols <- select(responses, starts_with("Q1 ") & !contains("None") ) %>% colnames()

我正在处理一项调查中的数据，其中很多问题都是“选择与应用一样多”类型的问题，并且有一个开放式的“以上都不是”选项。在这一点上，我正在提取我想要的列（所有 Q1 响应，但不是 Q10 或 Q11 响应，而不是开放式响应），以便我可以使用pivot_longer()和总结响应。它在脚本中运行良好：我得到了我想要的确切列名的列表，然后计算值。

但是当我尝试使用knitr()它时，在%>%.

processing file: 02_Survey2020_report.Rmd
  |....                                                                  |   6%
  ordinary text without R code

  |.........                                                             |  12%
label: setup (with options) 
List of 1
 $ include: logi FALSE

  |.............                                                         |  19%
  ordinary text without R code

  |..................                                                    |  25%
label: demographics gender

Quitting from lines 28-46 (02_Survey2020_report.Rmd) 
Error in select(responses, starts_with("Q1 ") & !contains("None")) %>%  : 
  could not find function "%>%"
Calls: <Anonymous> ... handle -> withCallingHandlers -> withVisible -> eval -> eval
Execution halted

一个简化的可重现示例得到相同的结果。我运行以下命令并得到我期望的结果，一个整洁的表格，其中包含每个答案被选中的次数：

example <- data.frame("id" = c(009,008,007,006,005,004,003,002,001,010), "Q3_Red" = c("","","","Red","","","","Red","Red","Red"), "Q3_Blue" = c("","","","","","Blue","Blue","Blue","",""),
  "Q3_Green" = c("","Green","Green","","","","","Green","",""), "Q3_Purple" = c("","Purple","","","Purple","","Purple","","Purple","Purple"), 
  "Q3_None of the above" = c(009,008,"Verbose explanation that I don't want to count." ,006,005,004,003,002,"Another verbose entry.",010)
)


cols <- select(example, starts_with("Q3") & !contains("None") ) %>%  colnames()

example %>%
  pivot_longer(cols = all_of(cols), 
               values_to = "response") %>%  
  filter(response != "") %>%   
  count(response)
  

但是当我ctrlshiftk用来输出文档时，我得到了同样的错误：

processing file: 00a_reproducible_examples.Rmd

Quitting from lines 9-25 (00a_reproducible_examples.Rmd) 
Error in select(example, starts_with("Q3") & !contains("None")) %>% colnames() : 
  could not find function "%>%"
Calls: <Anonymous> ... handle -> withCallingHandlers -> withVisible -> eval -> eval
Execution halted

为什么knitr对管道犹豫不决？

标签： rknitr