首页 > 解决方案 > Django 序列化器定义初始对象

问题描述

我似乎无法弄清楚如何将初始值传递给序列化程序。我有一个多租户 django 站点,现在我正在尝试设置 API。客户字段存在,但需要隐藏和只读。我认为这就像传统 django 中的一种形式和一种视图。我通常会在视图中传入 get_initial 。我先尝试过,但它不起作用。我想我需要直接在序列化程序中获取值,但我似乎无法让它工作。

模型:

class Location(ClientAwareModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=True)
    address = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    address2 = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=True)
    city = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    state = USStateField()
    zip_code = USZipCodeField()

class Client(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    subdomain_prefix = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class ClientAwareModel(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client, on_delete=models.PROTECT)

    class Meta:
        abstract = True

def hostname_from_request(request):
    # split on `:` to remove port
    return request.get_host().split(':')[0].lower()

def client_from_request(request):
    hostname = hostname_from_request(request)
    subdomain_prefix = hostname.split('.')[0]
    return Client.objects.filter(subdomain_prefix=subdomain_prefix).first()

序列化程序(你可以看到我所有失败的尝试都被注释掉了:

class LocationSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    def get_client(self, obj):
        # return client_from_request(self.request)
        return client_from_request(self.context['request'])

    # client = serializers.SerializerMethodField('get_client')
    # client = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    # client = serializers.Field(source='get_client', read_only=True)
    # client = serializers.ReadOnlyField(source='get_client')
    # client = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(read_only=True, default='get_client')
    client = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(read_only=True, source='get_client')
    # client = serializers.HiddenField(default=get_client(self))

    class Meta:
        model = Location
        fields = ['name', 'address', 'address2', 'city', 'state', 'zip_code', 'client']

视图集:

class LocationViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Location.objects.all()
    serializer_class = LocationSerializer
    permission_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated]

    def get_queryset(self):
        client = client_from_request(self.request)
        return super().get_queryset().filter(client=client)

您可以看到我尝试传递值的不同方式,但无论我做什么,我都会得到

IntegrityError at /locations/
null value in column "client_id" violates not-null constraint

标签: djangodjango-rest-frameworkdjango-rest-viewsets

解决方案


在您的视图集中,当您的位置模型没有客户端 FK 时,您试图通过过滤客户端来获取位置。

就在这儿:

def get_queryset(self):
        client = client_from_request(self.request)
        return super().get_queryset().filter(client=client) <----

正如上面评论中提到的@gregory,添加外键可以解决您的问题,然后您只需将其添加到您的序列化程序中即可。


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