首页 > 解决方案 > 由于 QtDesigner 中提升的小部件,检测 PyQt5 脚本的重新加载?

问题描述

很多时候,我需要在 QtDesigner 中设计的 PyQt5 GUI 中完成一些任务,这些任务足够小,我想将所有代码保存在一个 .py 文件中。因此,考虑这个 PyQt5 示例:

test3.py

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets, QtGui, uic

mod_name = vars(sys.modules[__name__])['__package__'] # SO:1389044
code_exec_as = 'module named {}'.format(mod_name) if mod_name else 'script'
cmdline = "{} {}".format( sys.executable, " ".join(sys.argv) )
try: # SO:6038898
  reloading
except NameError:
  reloading = False # means the module is being imported
else:
  reloading = True # means the module is being reloaded

print("Starting: code executed as {}; reloading {}; command line '{}'".format(code_exec_as, reloading, cmdline))

class MyCustomButton(QtWidgets.QPushButton):
  def __init__(self, parent=None):
    super().__init__(parent)
    print("MyCustomButton init!")

class MyMainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
  def __init__(self):
    super(MyMainWindow, self).__init__()
    uic.loadUi("test3.ui", self)
    self.show()

def main():
  app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
  window = MyMainWindow()
  sys.exit(app.exec_())

if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()

test3.ui

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ui version="4.0">
 <class>MainWindow</class>
 <widget class="QMainWindow" name="MainWindow">
  <property name="geometry">
   <rect>
    <x>0</x>
    <y>0</y>
    <width>382</width>
    <height>232</height>
   </rect>
  </property>
  <property name="windowTitle">
   <string>MainWindow</string>
  </property>
  <widget class="QWidget" name="centralwidget">
   <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout">
    <item>
     <widget class="QPushButton" name="pushButton">
      <property name="text">
       <string>PushButton</string>
      </property>
     </widget>
    </item>
    <item>
     <widget class="MyCustomButton" name="pushButton_2">
      <property name="text">
       <string>CustomPushButton</string>
      </property>
     </widget>
    </item>
   </layout>
  </widget>
  <widget class="QMenuBar" name="menubar">
   <property name="geometry">
    <rect>
     <x>0</x>
     <y>0</y>
     <width>382</width>
     <height>21</height>
    </rect>
   </property>
  </widget>
  <widget class="QStatusBar" name="statusbar"/>
 </widget>
 <customwidgets>
  <customwidget>
   <class>MyCustomButton</class>
   <extends>QPushButton</extends>
   <header>test3</header>
  </customwidget>
 </customwidgets>
 <resources/>
 <connections/>
</ui>

当我从命令行运行它时,我得到:

$ python3 test3.py
Starting: code executed as script; reloading False; command line 'C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/python3.exe test3.py'
Starting: code executed as script; reloading False; command line 'C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/python3.exe test3.py'
MyCustomButton init!

请注意,“开始:...”打印输出已运行两次:显然:

我可以从脚本内部(更具体地说,从导入之后但在任何类定义和__main__调用之前的代码部分)以某种方式检测脚本正在运行的时间吗?

正如你所看到的,我已经尝试了一些东西test3.py,基于:

...但是这些方法为脚本的两次“运行”提供了相同的输出,因此我无法使用它们来区分脚本是在第一次运行还是第二次运行。

标签: pythonpyqt5qt-designer

解决方案


好的,我想我明白了:看看如何列出导入的模块?- 然后打印模块并进行比较:事实证明,脚本的第一次运行,模块较少sys.modules- 更具体地说,在脚本的第二次运行中,第一次运行中不存在类,最重要PyQt5.uic.Loader的是存在于第二次运行中,并且test3(Python 脚本本身的名称/类,如在 QtDesigner 文件中使用的那样)存在。因此,可以使用这两个类别中的任何一个来进行区分。

因此,我将脚本更改为:

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets, QtGui, uic

mod_name = vars(sys.modules[__name__])['__package__'] # SO:1389044
code_exec_as = 'module named {}'.format(mod_name) if mod_name else 'script'
cmdline = "{} {}".format( sys.executable, " ".join(sys.argv) )
try: # SO:6038898
  reloading
except NameError:
  reloading = False # means the module is being imported
else:
  reloading = True # means the module is being reloaded

first_time_run = not( 'PyQt5.uic.Loader' in sys.modules.keys() )
print("Starting: code executed as {}; reloading {}; command line '{}'; num modules {}; first_time_run {}".format(code_exec_as, reloading, cmdline, len(sys.modules.keys()), first_time_run))
#print("..in sys.modules.keys():\n  {}".format( "\n  ".join( sorted(sys.modules.keys()) ) ))

class MyCustomButton(QtWidgets.QPushButton):
  def __init__(self, parent=None):
    super().__init__(parent)
    print("MyCustomButton init!")

class MyMainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
  def __init__(self):
    super(MyMainWindow, self).__init__()
    uic.loadUi("test3.ui", self)
    self.show()

def main():
  app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
  window = MyMainWindow()
  sys.exit(app.exec_())

if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()

...现在打印输出是:

$ python3 test3.py
Starting: code executed as script; reloading False; command line 'C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/python3.exe test3.py'; num modules 113; first_time_run True
Starting: code executed as script; reloading False; command line 'C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/python3.exe test3.py'; num modules 117; first_time_run False
MyCustomButton init!

...这向我证实,第一次运行被正确检测到。


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