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java - 为什么@Transactional 和@Rollback 不起作用？

问题描述

我正在使用带有 Kotlin 的 Spring Boot，而我使用的数据库是 PostgreSQL。当我编写测试时，我发现它@Rollback不起作用。

application-test.properties

# Database configuration
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/magnus
spring.datasource.username=postgres
spring.datasource.password=123456
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.database=POSTGRESQL

IUserInfoRepository.java

interface IUserInfoRepository : JpaRepository<UserInfo, UUID> {
    fun findByUserName(name: String): UserInfo?

    @Transactional
    fun deleteByUserName(name: String): Int
}

UserService.java

@Service
class UserService(@Autowired val userInfoRepository: IUserInfoRepository) {
    private lateinit var user: User
    fun initService(user: User) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    fun createUser(userName: String, password: ByteArray, nickName: String, isAdmin: Boolean): Boolean {
        if (userInfoRepository.findByUserName(userName) != null) {
            return false
        }
        val hashCodeTable = HashCodeTable(RandomStringUtils.randomAscii(16).toByteArray())
        val hashedPassword = genHashedPassword(password, hashCodeTable.salt1)
        userInfoRepository.save(UserInfo(userName, nickName, hashedPassword, hashCodeTable, isAdmin))
        return true
    }


    fun deleteUser(): Boolean {
        return validateUserAndDo {
            userInfoRepository.deleteByUserName(user.userName)
            true
        }
    }

    fun findUser(): UserInfo? {
        return userInfoRepository.findByUserName(user.userName)
    }

    fun validateUser(): Boolean {
        return (findUser()?.hashedPassword?.contentEquals(user.password)) ?: false
    }

    fun getLoginSalt(userName: String): ByteArray {
        return userInfoRepository.findByUserName(userName)?.hashCodeTable?.salt1 ?: ByteArray(0)
    }

    fun changePassword(newPassword: ByteArray): Boolean {
        return validateUserAndDo() {
            val oldUser = findUser()!!
            val hashedPassword = genHashedPassword(newPassword, oldUser.hashCodeTable.salt1)
            val newUser = UserInfo(oldUser.userName, oldUser.nickName, hashedPassword, oldUser.hashCodeTable, oldUser.isAdmin, oldUser.subscriptionTable, oldUser.id, oldUser.categoryTables)
            userInfoRepository.save(newUser)
            true
        }
    }

    private fun validateUserAndDo(something: () -> Boolean): Boolean {
        if (validateUser()) {
            return something.invoke()
        }
        return false
    }

    fun changeNickName(newNickName: String): Boolean {
        return validateUserAndDo() {
            val oldUser = findUser()!!
            val newUser = UserInfo(oldUser.userName, newNickName, oldUser.hashedPassword, oldUser.hashCodeTable, oldUser.isAdmin, oldUser.subscriptionTable, oldUser.id, oldUser.categoryTables)
            userInfoRepository.save(newUser)
            true
        }
    }

    fun changePermission(isAdmin: Boolean): Boolean {
        return validateUserAndDo() {
            val oldUser = findUser()!!
            val newUser = UserInfo(oldUser.userName, oldUser.nickName, oldUser.hashedPassword, oldUser.hashCodeTable, isAdmin, oldUser.subscriptionTable, oldUser.id, oldUser.categoryTables)
            userInfoRepository.save(newUser)
            true
        }
    }

    fun isPermission(): Boolean {
        return userInfoRepository.findByUserName(user.userName)?.isAdmin ?: false
    }

    fun deleteAll(): Boolean {
        userInfoRepository.deleteAll()
        return true
    }
}

UserServiceTest.java

@SpringBootTest
@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
class UserServiceTest(@Autowired val userService: UserService) {
    private lateinit var userName: String
    private lateinit var password: ByteArray

    @BeforeAll
    fun beforeTest() {
        userName = "test"
        password = "123456".toByteArray()
        userService.createUser(userName, password, "Test", false)
        val user = User(userName, genHashedPassword(password, userService.getLoginSalt(userName)))
        userService.initService(user);
    }

    @Test
    @Rollback
    fun `delete user`() {
        userService.deleteUser()
        Assertions.assertNull(userService.findUser())
    }

    @Test
    @Rollback
    fun `get login salt`() {
        Assertions.assertEquals(userService.getLoginSalt(userName).contentEquals(ByteArray(0)), false)
    }

    @Test
    @Rollback
    fun `validate User`() {
        Assertions.assertEquals(userService.validateUser(), true)
    }
}

标签： javaspringpostgresqlspring-boothibernate

解决方案

关于@Transactional，Spring 文档指出：

使用 @Transactional 注释测试方法会导致测试在事务中运行，默认情况下，测试完成后会自动回滚。如果测试类使用@Transactional 注释，则该类层次结构中的每个测试方法都将在事务中运行。未使用 @Transactional 注释的测试方法（在类或方法级别）将不会在事务中运行。

关于 @Rollback 注释，Spring 文档指出：

指示事务测试方法的事务是否应在测试方法完成后回滚。如果为真，则事务回滚；否则，事务被提交（另见@Commit）。Spring TestContext Framework 中集成测试的回滚语义默认为 true，即使 @Rollback 没有显式声明。

当声明为类级别注释时，@Rollback 为测试类层次结构中的所有测试方法定义默认回滚语义。当声明为方法级注释时，@Rollback 为特定测试方法定义回滚语义，可能会覆盖类级 @Rollback 或 @Commit 语义。

请参考：https ://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/4.2.5.RELEASE/spring-framework-reference/html/integration-testing.html#testcontext-tx

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