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c# - KeyNotFoundException : 给定的键不在字典中

问题描述

KeyNotFoundException每当我尝试访问字典中的键时，我都会收到。

我有一个PricingRules有字典的类：

public class PricingRules
{
    Dictionary<ItemCode, Money> pricing_rules;

    public PricingRules()
    {
        pricing_rules = new Dictionary<ItemCode, Money>();
        pricing_rules.Add(new ItemCode("A"), new Money(50));
        pricing_rules.Add(new ItemCode("B"), new Money(30));
        pricing_rules.Add(new ItemCode("C"), new Money(20));
        pricing_rules.Add(new ItemCode("D"), new Money(15));
    }

    public void itemScanned(ItemCode itemCode, Money amount)
    {
        amount.Add(pricing_rules[itemCode]);
    }

    public Money AmountForItem(ItemCode itemCode)
    {
        return pricing_rules[itemCode];
    }
}

字典中的键是类型ItemCode：

public class ItemCode
{
    private readonly string itemCode;

    public ItemCode(string itemCode)
    {
        this.itemCode = itemCode;
    }

    public override int GetHashCode()
    {
        return itemCode.GetHashCode();
    }
}

并且值是类型Money：

public class Money
{
    private int amount;

    public Money(int amount)
    {
        this.amount = amount;
    }

    public override bool Equals(object obj)
    {
        Money money = (Money)obj;
        return this.amount == money.amount;
    }

    public void Add(object obj)
    {
        Money money = (Money)obj;
        this.amount += money.amount;
    }

    public override int GetHashCode()
    {
        return amount.GetHashCode();
    }
}

我已经尝试覆盖GetHashCode()函数以返回类中原始类型的 HashCode 但它仍然给出KeyNotFoundException

我写的测试是：

public class PricingRulesShould
{
    [Fact]
    void ReturnValueFiftyWhenKeyIsA()
    {
        Money expected = new Money(50);
        PricingRules pr = new PricingRules();

        ItemCode itemcode = new ItemCode("A");
        Money actual = pr.AmountForItem(itemcode);

        Assert.Equal(expected, actual);
    }
}

标签： c#.netdictionarykeynotfoundexception

解决方案

当Dictionary访问它的元素时，它会寻找键的相等性。
由于ItemCode不是原始类型，因此在比较new ItemCode("A") == new ItemCode("A")时应该得到false结果，因为它们是具有相同内容的不同实例。
你可以做的是IEquatable<ItemCode>通过ItemCode类来实现：

public class ItemCode : IEquatable<ItemCode>
{
    private readonly string itemCode;

    public ItemCode(string itemCode)
    {
        this.itemCode = itemCode;
    }

    public override int GetHashCode()
    {
        return itemCode != null ? itemCode.GetHashCode() : 0;
    }

    public bool Equals(ItemCode other)
    {
        if (ReferenceEquals(null, other)) return false;
        if (ReferenceEquals(this, other)) return true;
        return string.Equals(itemCode, other.itemCode);
    }

    public override bool Equals(object obj)
    {
        if (ReferenceEquals(null, obj)) return false;
        if (ReferenceEquals(this, obj)) return true;
        return obj is ItemCode ic && Equals(ic);
    }
}

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