python - 当在 Alembic 中更改列的名称时,是否有一个配置为在 env 中进行配置以正确迁移?
问题描述
我使用alembic在flask中迁移数据库,似乎alembic没有给出正确的数据迁移方法,它只是创建了新列并删除了旧列,导致数据可能被丢弃,这里是代码。
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml run xxx python manage.py db migrate -m "change number into index"
迁移/版本/xxx.py
from alembic import op
import sqlalchemy as sa
def upgrade():
# ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
op.add_column('news', sa.Column('index', sa.Integer(), nullable=True))
op.drop_column('news', 'number')
迁移/env.py
from __future__ import with_statement
import logging
from logging.config import fileConfig
from sqlalchemy import engine_from_config
from sqlalchemy import pool
from alembic import context
# this is the Alembic Config object, which provides
# access to the values within the .ini file in use.
config = context.config
# Interpret the config file for Python logging.
# This line sets up loggers basically.
fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
logger = logging.getLogger('alembic.env')
# add your model's MetaData object here
# for 'autogenerate' support
# from myapp import mymodel
# target_metadata = mymodel.Base.metadata
from flask import current_app
config.set_main_option(
'sqlalchemy.url',
str(current_app.extensions['migrate'].db.engine.url).replace('%', '%%'))
target_metadata = current_app.extensions['migrate'].db.metadata
# other values from the config, defined by the needs of env.py,
# can be acquired:
# my_important_option = config.get_main_option("my_important_option")
# ... etc.
def run_migrations_offline():
"""Run migrations in 'offline' mode.
This configures the context with just a URL
and not an Engine, though an Engine is acceptable
here as well. By skipping the Engine creation
we don't even need a DBAPI to be available.
Calls to context.execute() here emit the given string to the
script output.
"""
url = config.get_main_option("sqlalchemy.url")
context.configure(
url=url, target_metadata=target_metadata, literal_binds=True, compare_type=True
)
with context.begin_transaction():
context.run_migrations()
def run_migrations_online():
"""Run migrations in 'online' mode.
In this scenario we need to create an Engine
and associate a connection with the context.
"""
# this callback is used to prevent an auto-migration from being generated
# when there are no changes to the schema
# reference: http://alembic.zzzcomputing.com/en/latest/cookbook.html
def process_revision_directives(context, revision, directives):
if getattr(config.cmd_opts, 'autogenerate', False):
script = directives[0]
if script.upgrade_ops.is_empty():
directives[:] = []
logger.info('No changes in schema detected.')
connectable = engine_from_config(
config.get_section(config.config_ini_section),
prefix='sqlalchemy.',
poolclass=pool.NullPool,
)
with connectable.connect() as connection:
context.configure(
compare_type=True,
connection=connection,
target_metadata=target_metadata,
process_revision_directives=process_revision_directives,
**current_app.extensions['migrate'].configure_args
)
with context.begin_transaction():
context.run_migrations()
if context.is_offline_mode():
run_migrations_offline()
else:
run_migrations_online()
在 env.py 中是否有一些配置以使用正确的方法alter_column
而不是这种方式进行迁移?
我只关心特定的配置,而不是搜索通用配置以自动更正未命中。
解决方案
您可以使用op.alter_column
:
op.alter_column('table_name', 'old_column', nullable=False, new_column_name='new_column')
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