首页 > 解决方案 > 为什么 Ansible 变量覆盖策略的行为似乎不像记录的那样?

问题描述

假设我有一个参数(ansible 变量),除了一个之外,我想对多个库存保持相同。

根据文档,通过使用剧本级别的 group_vars 和库存级别的 group_vars,我可以为所有库存定义一个组,并且仍然可以通过定位孩子来覆盖库存中的变量,因为孩子优先于父母。

例子

库存/testervm/主机

[central:children]
testervm

[testervm]
127.0.0.1 ansible_connection=local

group_vars/central.yaml

parameter: "I want to be overridden"

库存/testervm/group_vars/central.yaml

parameter: "This override shouldn't work."

库存/testervm/group_vars/testervm.yaml

parameter: "This override should work"

剧本.yaml

- hosts: all
  roles:
    - the_role

角色/the_role/tasks/main.yaml

- name: printing the parameter
  debug:
    msg: "{{ parameter }}"

当我跑

$ ansible --version
ansible 2.9.7
[...]

$ ansible-playbook -i inventories/testervm playbook.yaml 

PLAY [all] *********************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************
ok: [127.0.0.1]

TASK [the_role : printing the parameter] ***************************************************************************
ok: [127.0.0.1] => {
    "msg": "I want to be overridden"
}

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
127.0.0.1                  : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

不用说,我早就料到会看到"msg": "This override should work"

我怎么了?

[编辑] 修复了文件路径中的错误路径

[编辑] PS:感谢弗拉基米尔,我最终做了这个技巧,也许有人会发现它很有用。在剧本中我添加了这个任务:

    - name: include variable overrides
      include_vars:
        file: "{{ item }}"
      when: item is file
      with_items: "{{ [inventory_dir ~ '/group_vars/_overrides/'] | product(groups.keys()) | map('join') | product(['.yaml']) | map('join') | list }}"
      tags: always

示例:inventories/testervm/group_vars/_overrides/testervm.yaml

这使得在组变量中具有此优先顺序成为可能:

标签: ansibleansible-inventoryansible-facts

解决方案


你的假设是错误的。playbook group_vars/* (7.) 的优先级高于库存 group_vars/* (6.)。请参阅了解变量优先级


测试结果正确

shell> cat playbook.yaml 
- hosts: all
  roles:
    - the_role
shell> cat roles/the_role/tasks/main.yaml 
- name: printing the parameter
  debug:
    msg: "{{ parameter }}"
shell> cat inventories/testervm/hosts 
[central:children]
testervm

[testervm]
127.0.0.1 ansible_connection=local
shell> cat inventories/testervm/group_vars/central.yaml
parameter: "Inventory group_vars/central.yaml"
shell> cat inventories/testervm/group_vars/testervm.yaml
parameter: "Inventory group_vars/testervm.yaml"
shell> cat group_vars/central.yaml
parameter: "Playbook group_vars/central.yaml"

给出(删节)

shell> ansible-playbook -i inventories/testervm playbook.yaml

    "msg": "Playbook group_vars/central.yaml"

问:“仅在一个特定清单中覆盖一个变量...... 12 个选项(超过 10 个。)如何覆盖 host_vars 和 group_vars,这些都不适用于组。

A: All of the 12 options apply, of course. This is the consequence of higher precedence. For example, the playbook below shows how to override parameter by include_vars (precedence 18.) if the host is a member of the group testervm

- hosts: all
  roles:
    - the_role
  tasks:
    - include_vars: files/testervm.yaml
      when: inventory_hostname in groups.testervm
    - debug:
        msg: "{{ parameter }}"
shell> cat files/testervm.yaml
parameter: "Include_vars files/testervm.yaml"

gives (abridged)

shell> ansible-playbook -i inventories/testervm playbook.yaml

    "msg": "Playbook group_vars/central.yaml"
    "msg": "Include_vars files/testervm.yaml"

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