swift - 为什么我的 StackView 不工作？元素完全移位

Question

哎我的StackView什么都不做，有两个问题：第一个是我转模拟器或者换设备的时候VC上的元素完全移位了，所以StackView没有做它应该做的！第二件事是 StackView 覆盖了导航栏，我不知道如何使其可见。有人能帮我吗？

import UIKit


class RegisterViewController: UIViewController, UIImagePickerControllerDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate {
    
    let stackView = UIStackView()
    
    
    var profilePicture = UIButton()
    var profileIcon = UIImage()
    let usernameTextField = UITextField()
    let emailTextField = UITextField()
    let passswordTextField = UITextField()
    let signInButton = UIButton()
    
    
   
    

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        navigationController?.navigationBar.prefersLargeTitles = true
        navigationItem.title = "Create an Account"
        view.backgroundColor = .white
        
        
        
        
        
        // SetUp StackView:
        stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        stackView.axis = .vertical
        stackView.alignment = .center
        stackView.distribution = .fillEqually
        stackView.spacing = 50
        view.addSubview(stackView)
       
        
        // SetUp Stack View Constraints:
       
        stackView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.safeAreaLayoutGuide.topAnchor, constant: 20).isActive = true
        stackView.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
               
        
        //Add Elements
        
        stackView.addArrangedSubview(profilePicture)
        stackView.addArrangedSubview(usernameTextField)
        stackView.addArrangedSubview(passswordTextField)
        stackView.addArrangedSubview(signInButton)
        
        
    
    
// MARK: - Set-Up View-Elements
    
    
    // SetUp ProfileIcon:
        profileIcon = UIImage(named: "characteer")!
        profilePicture.setImage(profileIcon, for: .normal)
        profilePicture.imageView?.contentMode = .scaleAspectFill
        let cornerRadius: CGFloat
         cornerRadius = 75 // half of widht/height
        profilePicture.layer.cornerRadius = cornerRadius
        profilePicture.layer.masksToBounds = true
        profilePicture.layer.borderWidth = 1
        profilePicture.layer.borderColor = UIColor.white.cgColor
        profilePicture.addTarget(self, action: #selector(handleSelectedPhoto), for: .touchUpInside)
        
        
        view.addSubview(profilePicture)
        
       profilePicture.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
       profilePicture.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 150).isActive = true
       profilePicture.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 150).isActive = true
       profilePicture.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
        profilePicture.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor, constant: 110).isActive = true
        
     
        
        // SetUp UsernameTextfield:
    usernameTextField.backgroundColor = .white
    usernameTextField.attributedPlaceholder = NSAttributedString(string: "Username", attributes: [NSAttributedString.Key.foregroundColor: UIColor.lightGray])
    usernameTextField.textAlignment = NSTextAlignment.center
    usernameTextField.layer.cornerRadius = 8
    usernameTextField.layer.borderWidth = 1
    usernameTextField.layer.borderColor = UIColor.lightGray.cgColor
    self.view.addSubview(usernameTextField)
    let username = usernameTextField.text
    
    usernameTextField.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    
    usernameTextField.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leadingAnchor, constant: 20).isActive = true
    usernameTextField.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.trailingAnchor, constant: -20).isActive = true
    usernameTextField.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 50).isActive = true
    usernameTextField.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerYAnchor).isActive = true
    
        
    
// SetUpEmailTextfield:
    emailTextField.backgroundColor = .white
           emailTextField.attributedPlaceholder = NSAttributedString(string: "Email", attributes: [NSAttributedString.Key.foregroundColor: UIColor.lightGray])
           emailTextField.textAlignment = NSTextAlignment.center
           emailTextField.layer.cornerRadius = 8
           emailTextField.layer.borderWidth = 1
           emailTextField.layer.borderColor = UIColor.lightGray.cgColor
           self.view.addSubview(emailTextField)
           
           emailTextField.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
           emailTextField.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leadingAnchor, constant: 20).isActive = true
           emailTextField.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.trailingAnchor, constant: -20).isActive = true
           emailTextField.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 50).isActive = true
           emailTextField.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: usernameTextField.bottomAnchor, constant: 20).isActive = true
        
        ```

标签： swiftconstraintsuistackview

Answer 1

只是我为 profilePicture 和 usernameTextField 设置，但对于其他人来说它是一样的。您的代码的错误方面是关于约束，并且您添加了两个不同的视图对象。有一个解决方案。

    let stackView = UIStackView()
    
    
    var profilePicture = UIButton()
    var profileIcon = UIImage()
    let usernameTextField = UITextField()
    let emailTextField = UITextField()
    let passswordTextField = UITextField()
    let signInButton = UIButton()
    
    
   
    

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        navigationController?.navigationBar.prefersLargeTitles = true
        navigationItem.title = "Create an Account"
        view.backgroundColor = .white
        
        
        
        
        
        // SetUp StackView:
        stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        stackView.axis = .vertical
        stackView.alignment = .center
        stackView.distribution = .fillEqually
        stackView.spacing = 50
        view.addSubview(stackView)
       
        
        // SetUp Stack View Constraints:
       
        stackView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.safeAreaLayoutGuide.topAnchor, constant: 20).isActive = true
        stackView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leadingAnchor, constant: 20).isActive = true
        stackView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.trailingAnchor, constant: -20).isActive = true
               
        
        //Add Elements
        
        stackView.addArrangedSubview(profilePicture)
        stackView.addArrangedSubview(usernameTextField)
        
        
    
    
// MARK: - Set-Up View-Elements
    
    
    // SetUp ProfileIcon:
       profileIcon = UIImage(named: "characteer")!
        profilePicture.setImage(profileIcon, for: .normal)
        profilePicture.imageView?.contentMode = .scaleAspectFill
        let cornerRadius: CGFloat
         cornerRadius = 75 // half of widht/height
        profilePicture.layer.cornerRadius = cornerRadius
        profilePicture.layer.masksToBounds = true
        profilePicture.layer.borderWidth = 1
        profilePicture.layer.borderColor = UIColor.white.cgColor
        //profilePicture.addTarget(self, action: #selector(handleSelectedPhoto), for: .touchUpInside)
        
        
       profilePicture.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
       profilePicture.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 150).isActive = true
       profilePicture.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 150).isActive = true
        
     
        
        // SetUp UsernameTextfield:
    usernameTextField.backgroundColor = .white
    usernameTextField.attributedPlaceholder = NSAttributedString(string: "Username", attributes: [NSAttributedString.Key.foregroundColor: UIColor.lightGray])
    usernameTextField.textAlignment = NSTextAlignment.center
    usernameTextField.layer.cornerRadius = 8
    usernameTextField.layer.borderWidth = 1
    usernameTextField.layer.borderColor = UIColor.lightGray.cgColor
    let username = usernameTextField.text
    
    usernameTextField.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        usernameTextField.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: UIScreen.main.bounds.width-40).isActive = true
    usernameTextField.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 50).isActive = true