windows - 为多个文件夹中的所有文件添加前缀
问题描述
我有几个文件夹（准确地说是 35 个），每个文件夹包含 10-12 个子文件夹，每个子文件夹大约 20 个文件。
我想在每个文件前面加上子文件夹的名称，但我发现的唯一命令是一次只重命名一个文件夹：
dir | Rename-Item -NewName {$_.Directory.Name + " - " + $_.Name}
有没有办法遍历所有文件夹？（我不习惯Powershell）
解决方案
是的，有，并且在 PowerShell 帮助文件中有详细说明。这就是 -recurse 参数的用途。
# Get specifics for a module, cmdlet, or function
(Get-Command -Name Get-ChildItem).Parameters
(Get-Command -Name Get-ChildItem).Parameters.Keys|clip
# Results
<#
Path
LiteralPath
Filter
Include
Exclude
Recurse
Depth
Force
Name
Verbose
Debug
ErrorAction
WarningAction
InformationAction
ErrorVariable
WarningVariable
InformationVariable
OutVariable
OutBuffer
PipelineVariable
UseTransaction
Attributes
Directory
File
Hidden
ReadOnly
System
#>
Get-help -Name Get-ChildItem -Examples
# Results
<#
Get-ChildItem
Get-Childitem -System -File -Recurse
Get-ChildItem -Attributes !Directory,!Directory+Hidden
dir -att !d,!d+h
dir -ad
Get-ChildItem -File -Attributes !ReadOnly -path C:\ps-test
get-childitem . -include *.txt -recurse -force
get-childitem c:\windows\logs\* -include *.txt -exclude A*
get-childitem -name
#>
Get-help -Name Get-ChildItem -Full
Get-help -Name Get-ChildItem -Online
(Get-Command -NameR ename-Item).Parameters
(Get-Command -Name Rename-Item).Parameters.Keys|clip
# Results
<#
Path
LiteralPath
NewName
Force
PassThru
Credential
Verbose
Debug
ErrorAction
WarningAction
InformationAction
ErrorVariable
WarningVariable
InformationVariable
OutVariable
OutBuffer
PipelineVariable
WhatIf
Confirm
UseTransaction
#>
Get-help -Name Rename-Item -Examples
# Results
<#
Rename-Item -Path "c:\logfiles\daily_file.txt" -NewName "monday_file.txt"
Rename-Item -Path "project.txt" -NewName "d:\archive\old-project.txt"
Move-Item -Path "project.txt" -Destination "d:\archive\old-project.txt"
Rename-Item -Path "HKLM:\Software\MyCompany\Advertising" -NewName "Marketing"
Get-ChildItem *.txt | Rename-Item -NewName { $_.name -Replace '\.txt','.log' }
#>
Get-help -Name Rename-Item -Full
Get-help -Name Rename-Item -Online
然而，您在代码中所做的只是重命名目录，而不是该目录或子目录中的文件。您还没有指定和启动目录，因此它将对您当前所在的任何目录与您可能想要的目录执行操作。
您需要循环所有导向器并循环这些目录中的所有文件，以重命名目录中传递的文件。
根据我的“-WhatIf”评论更新
只是另一种做'marzse'给你的方式，只需通知正在处理的内容，并进行检查。如果情况看起来不错，请删除 -Whatif，然后再次运行它。如果您不确定它在做什么，或者您愿意接受这样做的后果，请不要破坏任何人的代码。
Clear-Host
Get-ChildItem -Directory |
ForEach-Object {
"`n *** Working on resource named: $($PSItem.BaseName) *** `n"
$DirName = $($PSItem.BaseName)
Get-ChildItem -Path $DirName -File |
ForEach{
$PSItem.FullName |
Rename-Item -NewName "$($DirName)_$($PSItem)" -WhatIf
}
}
# Results test the rename process
<#
*** Working on resource named: AddressFiles ***
What if: Performing the operation "Rename File" on target "Item: D:\temp1\AddressFiles\(MSINFO32) command-line tool switches.pdf Destination: D:\temp1\AddressFiles\AddressFiles_(MSINFO32) command-line tool switches.pdf".
What if: Performing the operation "Rename File" on target "Item: D:\temp1\AddressFiles\File1.txt Destination: D:\temp1\AddressFiles\AddressFiles_File1.txt".
What if: Performing the operation "Rename File" on target "Item: D:\temp1\AddressFiles\File2.txt Destination: D:\temp1\AddressFiles\AddressFiles_File2.txt".
*** Working on resource named: ChildFolder ***
What if: Performing the operation "Rename File" on target "Item: D:\temp1\ChildFolder\5 Free Software You'll Wish You Knew Earlier! 2019 - YouTube.url Destination: D:\temp1\ChildFolder\ChildFolder_5 Free Software You'll Wish You Knew Earlier! 2019 - YouTube.url".
What if: Performing the operation "Rename File" on target "Item: D:\temp1\ChildFolder\awél.txt Destination: D:\temp1\ChildFolder\ChildFolder_awél.txt".
What if: Performing the operation "Rename File" on target "Item: D:\temp1\ChildFolder\hello.bat Destination: D:\temp1\ChildFolder\ChildFolder_hello.bat".
....
*** Working on resource named: dest ***
What if: Performing the operation "Rename File" on target "Item: D:\temp1\dest\mytest - 2019.txt Destination: D:\temp1\dest\dest_mytest - 2019.txt".
What if: Performing the operation "Rename File" on target "Item: D:\temp1\dest\mytest.txt Destination: D:\temp1\dest\dest_mytest.txt".
#>
永远不要急于编写代码或一次完成所有事情。一步一步地介入，以确保您在每一步都得到了您所期望的。
为了达到上述目的，这就是我的意思。逻辑完整的步骤，然后一旦你理解了你就可以优化 marsze 显示的内容。
Push-Location -Path 'D:\Temp1'
Get-Location
# Results
<#
Path
----
D:\temp1
#>
Get-ChildItem
# Results all file in the root
<#
Directory: D:\temp1
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
d----- 01-Nov-20 23:43 AddressFiles
d----- 01-Nov-20 23:43 BonoboGitServer
d----- 01-Nov-20 23:44 ChildFolder
...
#>
Get-ChildItem -Recurse
# Results all folder and file in root and sub-direcotries
<#
Directory: D:\temp1
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
d----- 01-Nov-20 23:43 AddressFiles
d----- 01-Nov-20 23:43 BonoboGitServer
d----- 01-Nov-20 23:44 ChildFolder
...
Directory: D:\temp1\AddressFiles
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
-a---- 06-Aug-16 18:25 406508 (MSINFO32) command-line tool switches.pdf
-a---- 19-Mar-20 19:57 156 File1.txt
-a---- 19-Mar-20 19:57 150 File2.txt
...
#>
Get-ChildItem -Directory
# Results get only directory names
<#
Directory: D:\temp1
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
d----- 01-Nov-20 23:43 AddressFiles
d----- 01-Nov-20 23:43 BonoboGitServer
d----- 01-Nov-20 23:44 ChildFolder
...
#>
Get-ChildItem -Directory |
ForEach-Object {
Get-ChildItem -Path $PSItem.Name -Recurse |
Select-Object -Property Fullname
}
# Results use directory name to get all files in that directory tree
<#
FullName
--------
D:\temp1\AddressFiles\(MSINFO32) command-line tool switches.pdf
D:\temp1\AddressFiles\File1.txt
D:\temp1\AddressFiles\File2.txt
...
#>
Get-ChildItem -Directory |
ForEach-Object {
"`n *** Working on resource named: $($PSItem.BaseName) *** `n"
($DirName = $($PSItem.BaseName))
}
# Results
<#
*** Working on resource named: AddressFiles ***
AddressFiles
*** Working on resource named: BonoboGitServer ***
ChildFolder
*** Working on resource named: dest ***
...
#>
Get-ChildItem -Directory |
ForEach-Object {
"`n *** Working on resource named: $($PSItem.BaseName) *** `n"
$DirName = $($PSItem.BaseName)
Get-ChildItem -Path $DirName -File
}
# Results
<#
*** Working on resource named: AddressFiles ***
Directory: D:\temp1\AddressFiles
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
-a---- 06-Aug-16 18:25 406508 (MSINFO32) command-line tool switches.pdf
-a---- 19-Mar-20 19:57 156 File1.txt
-a---- 19-Mar-20 19:57 150 File2.txt
*** Working on resource named: BonoboGitServer ***
*** Working on resource named: ChildFolder ***
Directory: D:\temp1\ChildFolder
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
-a---- 29-Dec-19 21:50 69 5 Free Software You'll Wish You Knew Earlier! 2019 - YouTube.url
-a---- 10-Jan-20 17:59 0 awél.txt
-a---- 04-Jan-20 02:01 39 hello.bat
#>
Get-ChildItem -Directory |
ForEach-Object {
"`n *** Working on resource named: $($PSItem.BaseName) *** `n"
$DirName = $($PSItem.BaseName)
Get-ChildItem -Path $DirName -File |
ForEach{
$PSItem.FullName
}
}
# Results
<#
*** Working on resource named: AddressFiles ***
D:\temp1\AddressFiles\(MSINFO32) command-line tool switches.pdf
D:\temp1\AddressFiles\File1.txt
D:\temp1\AddressFiles\File2.txt
*** Working on resource named: BonoboGitServer ***
*** Working on resource named: ChildFolder ***
D:\temp1\ChildFolder\5 Free Software You'll Wish You Knew Earlier! 2019 - YouTube.url
D:\temp1\ChildFolder\awél.txt
D:\temp1\ChildFolder\hello.bat
...
#>
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