testing - Gradle 无法在 Windows 10 上运行我的项目测试（读取 executionHistory.lock 时出错；多进程锁定文件）
问题描述
我有一个包含许多子模块的大型 Java 桌面（非 Android）项目，我最近开始尝试让它在 Windows 10 上构建和运行。（通常我在 MacOS 上运行构建。）
在尝试运行测试时，我们总是会遇到错误；这个错误发生在我自己和项目中其他开发人员的 Windows 10 机器上，从重新检出代码开始。
这是错误：
2020-11-09T18:21:51.995-0800 [INFO] [org.gradle.internal.snapshot.impl.DirectorySnapshotter] Could not read file path 'C:\Users\Me\myproject\.gradle\6.6.1\executionHistory\executionHistory.lock'.
日志中的错误之后立即--debug是以下堆栈跟踪；我不知道它是否相关，但它出现在每次出现上述错误之后：
java.io.UncheckedIOException: Failed to create MD5 hash for file content.
at org.gradle.internal.hash.DefaultStreamHasher.hash(DefaultStreamHasher.java:37)
at org.gradle.internal.hash.DefaultFileHasher.hash(DefaultFileHasher.java:41)
at org.gradle.api.internal.changedetection.state.CachingFileHasher.snapshot(CachingFileHasher.java:87)
at org.gradle.api.internal.changedetection.state.CachingFileHasher.hash(CachingFileHasher.java:69)
at org.gradle.api.internal.changedetection.state.SplitFileHasher.hash(SplitFileHasher.java:54)
at org.gradle.internal.snapshot.impl.DirectorySnapshotter$PathVisitor.snapshotFile(DirectorySnapshotter.java:281)
at org.gradle.internal.snapshot.impl.DirectorySnapshotter$PathVisitor.visitResolvedFile(DirectorySnapshotter.java:260)
at org.gradle.internal.snapshot.impl.DirectorySnapshotter$PathVisitor.visitFile(DirectorySnapshotter.java:238)
at org.gradle.internal.snapshot.impl.DirectorySnapshotter$PathVisitor.visitFile(DirectorySnapshotter.java:173)
at java.base/java.nio.file.Files.walkFileTree(Files.java:2804)
at org.gradle.internal.snapshot.impl.DirectorySnapshotter.snapshot(DirectorySnapshotter.java:73)
at org.gradle.internal.vfs.impl.DefaultVirtualFileSystem.snapshot(DefaultVirtualFileSystem.java:146)
at org.gradle.internal.vfs.impl.DefaultVirtualFileSystem.lambda$readLocation$15(DefaultVirtualFileSystem.java:166)
at java.base/java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:362)
at org.gradle.internal.vfs.impl.DefaultVirtualFileSystem.lambda$readLocation$16(DefaultVirtualFileSystem.java:166)
at org.gradle.internal.vfs.impl.DefaultVirtualFileSystem$StripedProducerGuard.guardByKey(DefaultVirtualFileSystem.java:203)
at org.gradle.internal.vfs.impl.DefaultVirtualFileSystem.lambda$readLocation$17(DefaultVirtualFileSystem.java:165)
at java.base/java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:362)
at org.gradle.internal.vfs.impl.DefaultVirtualFileSystem.readLocation(DefaultVirtualFileSystem.java:165)
at org.gradle.internal.vfs.impl.DefaultVirtualFileSystem.read(DefaultVirtualFileSystem.java:64)
at org.gradle.internal.vfs.RoutingVirtualFileSystem.read(RoutingVirtualFileSystem.java:53)
at org.gradle.internal.fingerprint.impl.DefaultFileCollectionSnapshotter$SnapshottingVisitor.visitCollection(DefaultFileCollectionSnapshotter.java:61)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.AbstractOpaqueFileCollection.visitContents(AbstractOpaqueFileCollection.java:55)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.AbstractFileCollection.visitStructure(AbstractFileCollection.java:326)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.lambda$visitContents$0(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.collections.UnpackingVisitor.visitSingleFile(UnpackingVisitor.java:108)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.collections.UnpackingVisitor.add(UnpackingVisitor.java:103)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.collections.DefaultConfigurableFileCollection$UnresolvedItemsCollector.visitContents(DefaultConfigurableFileCollection.java:380)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.collections.DefaultConfigurableFileCollection.visitChildren(DefaultConfigurableFileCollection.java:292)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.visitContents(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.AbstractFileCollection.visitStructure(AbstractFileCollection.java:326)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.lambda$visitContents$0(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.UnionFileCollection.visitChildren(UnionFileCollection.java:78)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.visitContents(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.AbstractFileCollection.visitStructure(AbstractFileCollection.java:326)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.lambda$visitContents$0(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.UnionFileCollection.visitChildren(UnionFileCollection.java:78)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.visitContents(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.AbstractFileCollection.visitStructure(AbstractFileCollection.java:326)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.lambda$visitContents$0(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.UnionFileCollection.visitChildren(UnionFileCollection.java:78)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.visitContents(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.AbstractFileCollection.visitStructure(AbstractFileCollection.java:326)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.lambda$visitContents$0(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.collections.UnpackingVisitor.add(UnpackingVisitor.java:61)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.collections.UnpackingVisitor.add(UnpackingVisitor.java:86)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.collections.DefaultConfigurableFileCollection$UnresolvedItemsCollector.visitContents(DefaultConfigurableFileCollection.java:380)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.collections.DefaultConfigurableFileCollection.visitChildren(DefaultConfigurableFileCollection.java:292)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.visitContents(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.AbstractFileCollection.visitStructure(AbstractFileCollection.java:326)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.lambda$visitContents$0(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.collections.UnpackingVisitor.add(UnpackingVisitor.java:61)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.collections.UnpackingVisitor.add(UnpackingVisitor.java:86)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.DefaultFileCollectionFactory$ResolvingFileCollection.visitChildren(DefaultFileCollectionFactory.java:310)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.visitContents(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.AbstractFileCollection.visitStructure(AbstractFileCollection.java:326)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.lambda$visitContents$0(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.PropertyFileCollection.visitChildren(PropertyFileCollection.java:48)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.visitContents(CompositeFileCollection.java:119)
at org.gradle.api.internal.file.AbstractFileCollection.visitStructure(AbstractFileCollection.java:326)
at org.gradle.internal.fingerprint.impl.DefaultFileCollectionSnapshotter.snapshot(DefaultFileCollectionSnapshotter.java:50)
at org.gradle.internal.fingerprint.impl.AbstractFileCollectionFingerprinter.fingerprint(AbstractFileCollectionFingerprinter.java:47)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter$TaskExecution.lambda$visitInputFileProperties$1(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:327)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.lambda$fingerprintInputFiles$3(CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.java:192)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter$TaskExecution.visitInputFileProperties(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:325)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.fingerprintInputFiles(CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.java:188)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.captureExecutionState(CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.java:150)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.lambda$captureExecutionStateOp$1(CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.java:104)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.BuildOperationStep$1.call(BuildOperationStep.java:40)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$CallableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:409)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$CallableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:399)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$1.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:157)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:242)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:150)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.call(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:94)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.call(DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.java:36)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.BuildOperationStep.operation(BuildOperationStep.java:37)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.captureExecutionStateOp(CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.java:103)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.lambda$execute$0(CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.java:78)
at java.base/java.util.Optional.map(Optional.java:258)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.execute(CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.java:78)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.execute(CaptureStateBeforeExecutionStep.java:53)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.ValidateStep.execute(ValidateStep.java:74)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.SkipEmptyWorkStep.lambda$execute$2(SkipEmptyWorkStep.java:78)
at java.base/java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:362)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.SkipEmptyWorkStep.execute(SkipEmptyWorkStep.java:78)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.SkipEmptyWorkStep.execute(SkipEmptyWorkStep.java:34)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.legacy.MarkSnapshottingInputsStartedStep.execute(MarkSnapshottingInputsStartedStep.java:39)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.LoadExecutionStateStep.execute(LoadExecutionStateStep.java:40)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.steps.LoadExecutionStateStep.execute(LoadExecutionStateStep.java:28)
at org.gradle.internal.execution.impl.DefaultWorkExecutor.execute(DefaultWorkExecutor.java:33)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeIfValid(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:195)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.execute(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:187)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.CleanupStaleOutputsExecuter.execute(CleanupStaleOutputsExecuter.java:114)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.FinalizePropertiesTaskExecuter.execute(FinalizePropertiesTaskExecuter.java:46)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ResolveTaskExecutionModeExecuter.execute(ResolveTaskExecutionModeExecuter.java:62)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.execute(SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.java:57)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.execute(SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.java:56)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.execute(CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.java:36)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.EventFiringTaskExecuter$1.executeTask(EventFiringTaskExecuter.java:77)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.EventFiringTaskExecuter$1.call(EventFiringTaskExecuter.java:55)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.EventFiringTaskExecuter$1.call(EventFiringTaskExecuter.java:52)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$CallableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:409)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$CallableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:399)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$1.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:157)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:242)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:150)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.call(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:94)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.call(DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.java:36)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.EventFiringTaskExecuter.execute(EventFiringTaskExecuter.java:52)
at org.gradle.execution.plan.LocalTaskNodeExecutor.execute(LocalTaskNodeExecutor.java:41)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionGraph$InvokeNodeExecutorsAction.execute(DefaultTaskExecutionGraph.java:372)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionGraph$InvokeNodeExecutorsAction.execute(DefaultTaskExecutionGraph.java:359)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionGraph$BuildOperationAwareExecutionAction.execute(DefaultTaskExecutionGraph.java:352)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionGraph$BuildOperationAwareExecutionAction.execute(DefaultTaskExecutionGraph.java:338)
at org.gradle.execution.plan.DefaultPlanExecutor$ExecutorWorker.lambda$run$0(DefaultPlanExecutor.java:127)
at org.gradle.execution.plan.DefaultPlanExecutor$ExecutorWorker.execute(DefaultPlanExecutor.java:191)
at org.gradle.execution.plan.DefaultPlanExecutor$ExecutorWorker.executeNextNode(DefaultPlanExecutor.java:182)
at org.gradle.execution.plan.DefaultPlanExecutor$ExecutorWorker.run(DefaultPlanExecutor.java:124)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ExecutorPolicy$CatchAndRecordFailures.onExecute(ExecutorPolicy.java:64)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ManagedExecutorImpl$1.run(ManagedExecutorImpl.java:48)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1130)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:630)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ThreadFactoryImpl$ManagedThreadRunnable.run(ThreadFactoryImpl.java:56)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:832)
Caused by: java.io.IOException: The process cannot access the file because another process has locked a portion of the file
at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.readBytes(Native Method)
at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.read(FileInputStream.java:249)
at org.gradle.internal.hash.DefaultStreamHasher.doHash(DefaultStreamHasher.java:52)
at org.gradle.internal.hash.DefaultStreamHasher.hash(DefaultStreamHasher.java:35)
... 124 more
我还看到有关读取其他文件的错误：
2020-11-09T18:21:51.998-0800 [INFO] [org.gradle.internal.snapshot.impl.DirectorySnapshotter] Could not read file path 'C:\Users\Me\myproject\.gradle\6.6.1\fileContent\fileContent.lock'.
（上面是关于 MD5 哈希和锁定文件一部分的其他进程的一对相同的异常）
2020-11-09T18:21:52.029-0800 [INFO] [org.gradle.internal.snapshot.impl.DirectorySnapshotter] Could not read file path 'C:\Users\Me\myproject\.gradle\6.6.1\fileHashes\fileHashes.lock'.
（相同的）
请注意，整个项目可以在 Windows 10 上正确构建和运行。这只是运行测试的问题。但我很想解决它，以便 Windows 开发人员可以运行它们。
我尝试了以下事情，但都没有奏效。
- 在不同机器上重新结帐项目
- 删除项目的
.gradle文件夹并清理重建 - 牺牲一只很小的山羊
起初我认为错误可能是由一些失败的测试引起的（我有一些没有在 Windows 10 上运行的集成测试），但在禁用这些测试后，我（和我的队友）仍然得到错误。
请注意，在 Docker 容器内构建的上下文中提出了一个非常相似的问题： OSError: Can not read file in context: \\?\C:\project\.gradle\6.6.1\executionHistory\executionHistory.lock
但是，我们没有在 Docker 容器中构建，上面的解决方案对我们不起作用。我正在 Mac OS Catalina 主机上的 VirtualBox Windows 10 来宾 VM 中构建，而我的队友也看到该错误正在 Windows 10 笔记本电脑上构建。这里不涉及 Docker。
我欢迎有关如何帮助进一步诊断此问题的想法。请注意，由于项目的规模和古老性，试图将其缩小到一个小样本复制案例是不切实际的。
解决方案
我遇到了同样的问题，并用Windows 上的 Gradle 构建错误“无法为文件创建 MD5 哈希”的答案解决了这个问题
这里的问题是目标目录包含 .gradle 目录，该目录由初始 gradle 进程使用，因此在 Windows 中被锁定。然后守护进程尝试对锁定文件进行哈希处理，因为它对目标目录中的所有文件进行哈希处理以检查任务是否是最新的，但是由于它是锁定文件，因此任何其他进程都无法访问它。解决方案是将任务的输出目录设置为不会干扰任何锁定文件的文件夹。
总而言之，您可以通过使用以下标志运行 gradlew 来解决您的问题：
--project-cache-dir=../cache
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