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java - 保存结构化 JSON 对象的错误请求

问题描述

我创建了一个简单的 Web REST 应用程序，它必须将“更改票证”保存到数据库。但是在我尝试使用 JSON 作为正文创建 POST 请求后，出现错误：

2020-11-28 14:06:10.449 DEBUG 14864 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Completed 400 BAD_REQUEST
2020-11-28 14:06:10.453 DEBUG 14864 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : "ERROR" dispatch for POST "/error", parameters={}
2020-11-28 14:06:10.455 DEBUG 14864 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped to org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.BasicErrorController#error(HttpServletRequest)
2020-11-28 14:06:10.464 DEBUG 14864 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.s.w.s.m.m.a.HttpEntityMethodProcessor  : Using 'application/json', given [*/*] and supported [application/json, application/*+json, application/json, application/*+json]
2020-11-28 14:06:10.464 DEBUG 14864 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.s.w.s.m.m.a.HttpEntityMethodProcessor  : Writing [{timestamp=Sat Nov 28 14:06:10 CET 2020, status=400, error=Bad Request, message=, path=/change/save}]
2020-11-28 14:06:10.476 DEBUG 14864 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Exiting from "ERROR" dispatch, status 400

我正在使用 Spring Boot 2、MySQL 作为 DB 和 MapStruct 将 DTO 转换为实体，反之亦然。我也使用 Project lombok 来摆脱一些样板代码

我的控制器 POST 方法如下所示：

@RestController
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping({"/change"})
public class ChangeTicketController { 
@PostMapping(value = "/save", consumes = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
    public ResponseEntity<String> save(@RequestBody @Validated ChangeTicketDto changeTicketDto){
        ChangeTicket mappedChangeTicket = changeTicketMapper.changeTicketDtoToChangeTicket(changeTicketDto);
        ChangeTicket savedTicket = changeService.save(mappedChangeTicket);
        return ResponseEntity.created(URI.create(BASE_URL + "/save/" + savedTicket.getChangeId()))
                .body("Change Ticket has been saved");
    }
}

我正在保存的实体如下所示：

@Getter
@Setter
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Entity
public class ChangeTicket extends BaseItem{

    //some constructor

    @NotBlank
    private String changeId;    // public ID set by user

    @NotNull
    @Enumerated(value = EnumType.STRING)
    private ChangeType changeType;


    @NotBlank
    @Size(min = 15, max = 500)
    @Column(length = 500)
    private String description;

}

超类：

@Getter
@Setter
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@MappedSuperclass
public class BaseItem {

    @JsonIgnore
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(generator="system-uuid")
    @GenericGenerator(name="system-uuid", strategy = "uuid")
    private String id;      // Secret ID generated by DB

    @Enumerated(value = EnumType.STRING)
    @NotNull
    @Column(name = "item_status")
    private ItemStatus itemStatus;

    @CreationTimestamp
    @Column(name = "created_at", updatable = false)
    private Timestamp createdAt;

    @UpdateTimestamp
    @Column(name = "updated_at",updatable = true)
    private Timestamp updatedAt;

    @Column(name = "closed_at", updatable = false)
    private Timestamp closedAt;


    @OneToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinColumn(name = "incidentSolver_id", referencedColumnName = "id")   // owning side
    private IncidentSolver incidentSolver;


    @OneToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinColumn(name = "user_id", referencedColumnName = "id")
    private User user;
}

这是我通过 POSTMAN 发送到的示例 JSON 代码，作为 POST 请求发送到：http://localhost:8080/change/save

{
    "changeId": "86edd7ea-4c37-4dd9-a55c-aeea171e0b42",
    "changeType": "OS_SETTINGS_CHANGE",
    "description": "description",
    "itemStatus": "OPEN",
    "createdAt": "2020-11-28T12:51:58+00:00",
    "updatedAt": "2020-11-28T12:55:08+00:00",
    "closedAt":"",
    "incidentSolver": [
        {
            "incidentId": "015f3e95-de08-4035-9052-9d40ad2b7af6",
            "userName": "ThisDude"
        }
    ],
    "user": [
        {
            "userId": "3d00339a-5757-4ada-a316-6705ff603d96",
            "userType": "CUSTOMER",
            "userName": "WednesdayDude"
        }
    ]
}

我不知道杰克逊不知道如何反序列化/序列化子对象和父对象是否有问题，或者我是否错误地构建了我的 Json。如果您需要查看我的服务类存储库，我将编辑这篇文章以显示它们。

编辑：添加 ChangeTicketDTO

@Getter
@Setter
@Builder
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class ChangeTicketDto extends BaseItemDto {

    private String changeId;    // public ID set by user

    private ChangeType changeType;
    private String description;
}

基本项目DTO

@Getter
@Setter
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class BaseItemDto {

    private ItemStatus itemStatus;
    private Timestamp createdAt;
    private Timestamp updatedAt;
    private Timestamp closedAt;
    private IncidentSolver incidentSolver;
    private User user;
}

谢谢大家的帮助

标签： javaspringspring-bootspring-mvc

解决方案

我回来了一个对我有用的解决方案。我试图测试并查看可能导致此问题的原因，结果证明，当您构造错误的 JSON 请求正文时会出现此问题。

正如您在我的帖子中看到的那样，我正在使用 JSON 正文向我的控制器发送 POST 请求。但是我想到了编写一个将我的对象转换为 JSON 的测试方法，所以我将确保我的 JSON 是以正确的方式构造的。在这里你可以看到它：

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
class ChangeServiceImplTest {

    ChangeTicketDto changeTicketDto;


    @Test
    public void testConversionOfObject() throws JsonProcessingException {

        changeTicketDto = changeTicketDto.builder().changeId("StringID")
                .description("SOME TEXT")
                .changeType(ChangeType.INSTALLATION_OF_OS)
                .incidentSolver(IncidentSolver.builder().userName("DUDE").id("ID").build())
                .user(User.builder().userName("USERNAME").userType(UserType.USER).build())
                .closedAt(Timestamp.from(Instant.now()))
                .createdAt(Timestamp.from(Instant.now()))
                .updatedAt(Timestamp.from(Instant.now()))
                .itemStatus(ItemStatus.OPEN)
                .build();

        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        String json = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(changeTicketDto);
        System.out.println(json);
    }

}

此方法返回一个简单的 JSON 字符串，如下所示：

{
  "itemStatus": "OPEN",
  "createdAt": 1607031646362,
  "updatedAt": 1607031646362,
  "closedAt": 1607031646361,
  "incidentSolver": {
    "incidentId": null,
    "userName": "DUDE"
  },
  "user": {
    "userId": null,
    "userType": "USER",
    "userName": "USERNAME"
  },
  "changeId": "StringID",
  "changeType": "INSTALLATION_OF_OS",
  "description": "SOME TEXT"
}

所以我创建了另一个对同一个 URL 的 POST 请求，它成功了！！！所以现在我知道，如果我创建一个与我的 objectt（及其父超类）不对应的错误 JSON，我会收到这种错误。非常感谢

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